1

CONTENTS.

THE MOGUL, MAHRATTA, AND SIKH EMPIRES, IN THEIR ZENITH

AND FALL. By Sir William Rattigan, Q.C.

THE PROPOSED LAW REGARDING THE ALIENATION Of Agri-

CULTURAL LAnd in the PaNJĀB, with text of Bill.

Baden-Powell

BANKING IN INDIA. By Henry Dunning Macleod, M.A.

THE EURASIAN PROBLEM IN INDIA. By A. Nundy

EXPLOITATIONS IN UGANDA. By H. Bindloss

MOROCCO THE MOGADOR CONFLICT, December, 1899. By lon

ST. HELENA IN THE PRESENT TIME. By R. A. Sterndale
ZOROASTER, The Prophet of Ancient ÎrĀN. By John Beames,

B.C.S. (ret.).

THE CONGRESS OF ORIENTALISTS AT ROME.

Montet.

QUARTERLY REPORT ON SEMITIC STUDIES AND

By Prof. Dr. E. Montet

THE SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAST" SERIES: Vol. XLIV.—

The Satapatha-Brahmana. Translated by Julius Eggeling

THE ISLAND OF SUMATRA. By E. H. Parker

THE GARDEN OF CLIMES (Hadiqa-al-Aqalim). By H. Beveridge.

THE CHÂTEAU DE RAMEZAY AT MONTREAL. By Major A. C.

Yate, I.S.C..

PAGE

I

By B. H.

31

49

56

74

84

98

108

By Prof. Dr. E.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE EAST INDIA ASSOCIATION.

PERSIA. By Sir Lepel Griffin, K.C.S.I.

THE CIVIL SERVICE OF INDIA-PAST AND PRESENT: AN OBJECT OF
AMBITION TO BRITISH YOUTH. By Sir John Jardine, K.C.I.E.
THE RESTORATION OF A GOLD CURRENCY TO INDIA. By H.
Dunning Macleod, M.A.

A CHIEF COURT FOR LOWER BURMA, with Text of the Chief
Clauses of the Bill. By Sir John Jardine, K.C.I.E.
RUSSIA'S SPHERE OF INFLUENCE; OR, A THOUSAND YEARS OF
MANCHURIA. By E. H. Parker.

DIFFICULTIES IN THE SOUTH AFRICAN SETTLEMENT.

AUSTRALASIA FEDERATION BILL. By Scrutator

COLONIAL SOVEREIGNTY. By C. de Thierry

WAS VOHU MANAH PHILO'S LOGOS? By Prof. L. Mills, D.D.
THE "SACRED BOOKS OF THE BUDDHISTS."-Dialogues of Buddha,
translated from the Pali by T. W. Rhys Davids. By John
Beames, B.C.S. (ret.)

DESCENDANTS OF OLIVER CROMWELL IN CALCUTTA. Part I. By
Principal G. R. Wilson, M.A.

JAPANESE MONOGRAPHS-VII. "On Ornamental Metalwork Applied
to Japanese Weapons." By Charlotte M. Salwey, M.J.S..
THE MUHAMMADAN ÆRA. By the Rev. J. D. Bate
CORRESPONDENCE, NOTES, ETC.

Alienation of Land in the Punjab.-The Use of Government Churches
in India. The Indian Government and the Coining of Gold. -The
Ancient Armenians.-Africa.-Nigeria. --British Guiana.—Ceylon.
Samoa.-The Ousley Scholarships
Japanese Illustrated Literature and Art.-Land Tenures of Gujarat and
Western India.-A Brief Account of the Jains in India.-The
Famine Relief Fund for India.-Note about Mukund Brahmachari.
India-the Fatherland of Iron.-Trade with the Far East.

(RECAP)

1700

135

I sev..

381

184, 390

184-194

390-400

REVIEWS AND NOTICES

The Redemption of Egypt, by W. Basil Worsfold, M. A., Barrister-at-

Law. In India, by G. W. Steevens.-Marathi Proverbs, collected

and translated by the Rev. A. Manwaring.-The "Oxford English

Dictionary." A new English Dictionary, on Historical Principles,

founded mainly on the materials collected by the Philological

Society, edited by Dr. James A. H. Murray.-Studia Sinaitica,

No. 7, edited by Margaret Dunlop Gibson, M.R.A.S.-Auld Lang

Syne, by Max Müller.-The History of Lord Lytton's Indian

Administration, 1876 to 1880, compiled from Letters and Official

Papers, by Lady Betty Balfour.-Essays on Kāçmiri Grammar, by

G. A. Grierson, C.I.E., Ph.D.-The Arabic Press of Egypt, by

Martin Hartmann.-Notes and Commentaries on Chinese Criminal

Law and Cognate Topics; with a brief excursus on the Law of

Property chiefly founded on the writings of the late Sir Chaloner

Alabaster, K. C.M.G., by Ernest Alabaster, Barrister-at-Law, etc.

-The Story of West Africa, by Mary H. Kingsley.-The Transvaal

Boers: A Historical Sketch, by Africanus.-The International

Geography, by seventy contributors, edited by Dr. Hugh Robert

Mills. British Africa (British Empire Series).—India (British
Empire Series).-Tunisia and the Modern Barbary Pirates, by
Herbert Vivian, M.A.-Introduction to the Study of Japanese
Writing, by Basil Hall Chamberlain.-China, by Harold E. Gorst

Histoire des Princes du Yün Nan, et leurs relations avec la Chine d'après

des documents historiques chinois, traduits pour la première fois, par

Emile Rocher.-Historical Geography of the British Colonies, by

C. P. Lucas.-A Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Etymologically and

Philologically arranged, with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-

European Languages, by the late Sir Monier-Williams, M.A.,

K.C.I.E.-Bābar, by Stanley Lane-Poole.-Prisoners their own

Warders, by Major McNair, assisted by W. D. Bayliss.-The

Second Afghan War, 1878-79-80: its Causes, its Conduct, and its

Consequences, by Colonel H. B. Hanna.-Natal: the Land and

its Story (a geography and history, with maps) by Robert Russell,

Superintendent of Education, Natal. In Western India, by

Dr. Murray Mitchell.-Rajah Brooke, by Sir Spencer St. John,

G.C.M.G.-Il Ce-Kiang, studio geografico-economico, by Dr.

Mario Carli.-The Bride's Mirror; or, Mir-ātu 1 Arüs, of

Maulavi Nazir Ahmad, edited, in the Roman character, with a

Vocabulary and Notes, by G. E. Ward, M.A.-The Expedition

of 1898 to Turfan, part i., by D. Klementz and Dr. Radloff.-British

Empire Series, vol. i.-Map of China and the Surrounding Regions,

by E. Bretschneider.-Les Mémoires Historiques de Se-ma Ts'ien,

traduits et annotés par Edouard Chavannes.-The History of the

Blessed Virgin Mary and the History of the Likeness of Christ

which the Jews of Tiberias made to mock at; the Syriac texts

edited, with English translations, by Wallis Budge, D. Lit.-Malay

Magic: being an Introduction to the Folk-lore and Popular Religion

of the Malay Peninsula, by Walter William Skeat, C.S., of the

Federated Malay States, with a Preface by Charles Otto Blagden,

M.R.A.S., and formerly of the C.S., Straits Settlements.-Nigeria:

Our Latest Protectorate, by Charles Henry Robinson, M.A., Canon

Missioner of Ripon, and Lecturer in Hausa in the University of

Cambridge. With map and illustrations. Babylonians and

Assyrians, by the Rev. A. H. Sayce.-Le Haut Yang-tsze, by Rev.

S. Chevalier, S.J.-Also the Atlas du Haut Yang-tsze, by the

same author.-Siberia and Central Asia, by John W. Bookwalter.

-America in Hawaii: a History of United States Influence in

the Hawaiian Islands, by Edmund Janes Carpenter.-Glimpses of

Old Bombay and Western India, by James Douglas, J.P.—

Picturesque Kashmir, by Arthur Neve.-Judaism and Islám, by

Abraham Geiger.—The Transvaal Boers: a Historical Sketch, by

Africanus.-The Moorish Empire: a Historical Epitome, by Budgett

Meakin. The Origin and Growth of Village Communities in India,

by B. H. Baden-Powell, M.A., C.I.E.

-

-

SUMMARY OF EVENTS IN ASIA, AFRICA AND THE
THE COLONIES

PAGE

195, 401

195-214

401-427

218, 433

THE IMPERIAL

AND

Asiatic Quarterly Review,

AND ORIENTAL AND COLONIAL RECORD.

JANUARY, 1900.

THE MOGUL, MAHRATTA AND SIKH EMPIRES IN THEIR ZENITH AND FALL.*

BY SIR WILLIAM RATTIGAN, Q.C.

THE subject with which I purpose to deal in this paper may appear at first sight to possess only an academical interest. But I venture to think that it has a practical as well as a historical aspect, which may not be unattractive to those and I would fain hope that I may include most, if not all, of my readers in this categorywho regard India not merely as a land of regrets and exile, but as a region which claims our deepest sympathy and attention, which is full of instruction for us, and which a happy destiny-happy for us, and happy for its people— has united with the British Empire-a union, let us hope, which future centuries will only serve to strengthen and cement more firmly and closely. If I ask them to consider particular portions of the past history of this much-coveted land, it is because the portions I have so selected present to our view a few cameos of the richest and most typical setting, which are not only in themselves deserving of our close attention, but which acquire a still greater importance when considered from the point of view of later events.

In choosing, therefore, as my theme the rise and fall of the

* For the discussion of this paper see Proceedings of the East India Association elsewhere in the Review.-ED.

THIRD SERIES.

VOL. IX.

A