2540.

ORD

Invention of new ones, 2541. En-
tablatures, height of, in, 2542. Mode of
measuring them, 2550. Application of,
2552

Orders of architecture, 2523 et seq. Consist of
essential and subservient parts, 2523. Are
five in number, ib. Mode of profiling an
order, ib. Lebrun's analysis of loads and
supports in an order, 2524. Principles of
proportion as to loads and supports, 2525
et seq. Systyle intercolumniation produced
by such: principles, 2527. Principles of load
and supports carried into tetrastyle, hexa-
style, and octastyle temples, 2528 et seq.
Concordance thereof with the laws given by
Vitruvius, 2529. Ancient examples of dif-
ferent orders in verification of the theory,
2531. Principles applied to points of sup-
port, ib. Tuscan, 2553. Doric, 2560. Ionic,
2573. Corinthian, 2582. Composite, 2591
Orders above orders, 2642 et seq.

Vitru-

vius thereon, 2643. Seamozzi's rule, 2644.
Laws of solidity respecting, 2645. Axes
of upper and lower columns, how placed,
2646. Disposition of, according to Cham-
bers, 2647 et seq. Doric above Tuscan, 2648.
Ionic above Doric, 2649. Corinthian above
Ionic, 2650. Composite above Corinthian,
2651. Eligible intercolumniations, 2652
Orford castle; Suffolk, 398

Orgagna, Andrea; architect, 327

Oriel window, 415

Orleans; cathedral, 549.

Church of Notre

PAN

Of St. Mary, 421. Of St. Peter, 398. Colle-
ges, 2904-6. New College Chapel, 1377.
Worcester College Library, 490. Magdalen
College Chapel, 421, p. 972. All Souls'
College, 499, p. 972. Castle, 394, 398.
Palace, 423. Public schools, 444. Radeliffe
library, 2912

Oxidation of metal, 2224, 2224ƒ
Oxide of iron paint, 22736

PACE, convent della; at Rome, 335
Packing; in masonry, 1921
Packington, Warwickshire; church, 525
Padua, John of; architect, 319; and his fol-
lowers, 425

Ornament; a non-essential in architecture,
2486. Gothic, p. 953. Drawing of, 2383c
Ornamental wrought-iron work, 2255h
Ornamented English architecture, 409 et seq.
Characteristics of, in arches, columns, win-
dows, roofs, or ceilings, and ornaments, 420
Ornaments of mouldings; how to arrange,
2535. How to be cut, 2536. Degree of relief
they should have, 2537. Of the Grecian
edifices suitable to their destination, 164.
In stone in specifications, 22846
Orsenigo, Simone da; architect, 619
Orthographia; of Vitruvius, p. 971
Orvieto cathedral, 615

Osmaston manor, Derby; warming and venti-
lating, 3050

Osterley house, Middlesex, 446, 447

Ostiarius; of a Roman house, 246
Osymandyas; tomb of, 85

Otricoli; amphitheatre, 228

Ouguet, David; architect, 604, 605

Oundle, Northamptonshire; church window,
p. 946

Ourem; castle, 603

Ourscamp; church, 540

Out of winding, 2123

Padua; church of San Antonio, 285, 613. Sta.
Maria dell' Arena, 616

Pæstum; hypæethral temple, 149

Page, Sir Gregory; house at Blackheath, 505
Pagodas, or Chinese towers; that of Nankin,
105. That of Honang, at Canton, 104
Paine, James; architect, 514
Paint; varieties of, 2273 et seq. Effect of, on
wood, 1747

Outline; the fundamental principle of draw-
ing, 2382

Outside linings; of a sash frame, 2147. Stiles
of a door, 2130

Oven; how measured, 2314. In specifications,

22826

Painted glass, 22316

Painter's; tools, 2268. Work, in specifica-

tions, 2290, 2293h. Method of estimating,
2379
Painting and sculpture; intimately connected
with architecture, 68. Much used in Orna-
mented English architecture, 412.
Egyptian architecture, 86. On walls, as
decorations, 2519, 2522

Oxford; Christ Church cath. Chapter-house,
460. Founders and dimensions, 434. Win-
dow, p. 947. Church of St. Aldate, p. 962.

In

Painting iron work, 1780a. Stonework, 16677
Palace; 2879 et seq. At Westminster, 423.
At Oxford, ib. At Woodstock, ib. At Ken-
nyngton, ib. Of Caserta, 2879a, 2880. At
Whitehall, 2881. Tuileries and Louvre, at
Paris, 2882. Windsor castle, ib. Proper
sites for, 2882. Of Florence, 358. Of Rome,
343, 344. Ca Contarini Fasan, Venice, 610.
Buonsignori at Siena, 614. Vitelleschi, Cor-
neto, 624

Palæstra; of the Greek gymnasium, 175
Palatial houses; list of Elizabethan, 446
Paleing or soldering, 2223f
Palencia; casa del Ayuntamiento, 596
Palermo; cathedral, 319. Walls at San
Giuseppe, 1535. At San Dominico, ib.
Houses at, 626. Sta. Maria della Catena, ib.
Palazzo Reale, door, 2145c

Paley, F. A.; writer on mouldings, p. 927
Paling, park; in specifications, 2285a
Palladian school of architecture, 464

Palladio, Andrea; architect, 352-354. Win-
dows by, 2761, 2765, 2766

Palm-tree leaf; in Egyptian ornament, 87
Palma; church of the Dominicans, 586
Palmyra; extraordinary structures, 196, 197.
Niches, 2775

Pamplona; cathedral, 594

Pandoo Koolies; of Hindostan, 12
Panel; of a door, 2130, 21456. Of slate, 2211q
Paneling; timber for, 17296, 2125c
Pansa, house of; at Pompeii, 253
Pantheon; at Rome, 215, 216, 262, 2547, 1499n,
1499p, p. 912. Lighted from a very small
aperture, 2747. Niches, 2775, 2779, 2787.
Capitals, p. 914, p. 915. Proportion, p. 979,
p. 1023

Of the Escurial; the sepulchres of the
kings of Spain, 371 See "Paris"
theatre; in Oxford Strect, 527, 2089

Hospital
1581. T
of, 359,2
359,2920
Italien a

house, 23
Park spring
Parker's, o
2251a.
Parliament
Parma; th
Parocona;
Parquetry,
Parting be

in a sash
Partitions:
measured

Bricknog
Half bric
Hollow b
tered, in
17296. Of
Pipes sho
Pirts of an
Parvise ove
Fesley, Col
Puent axe
-plate
glass, 187
Patrixbourn
church, p
Pattern-mal
havements,

-

specificati

Use of, 2251f et seq.

Polished, 2251i. Marble, 1676
Parigi, Alfonso and Giulio; architects, 331
Pariquadrato proportion, p. 971

Paris; cathedral, 539, 541, 570; doorway, 539;
apse, p. 965. Ste. Chapelle, 540. Decoration
copied at Cologne, 567. Church of St.
Eustache, 549. St. Etienne du Mont, 549,
2002x. St. Sulpice, 362. St. Généviève,
or the Panthéon, 289, 361, 476, 477, p. 1006;
dome, 1499m; points of support, 1581. St.
Germain des Prèz, 289; shafts, p. 981. St.
Germain l'Auxerrois, 547

; abbey of St. Antoine; near, 310

; street architecture, 364. Houses in Rue
de la Victoire, casement in, 2165ƒ. Fau-
bourg St. Germain, 440

Bourse, 2941. Museum, 2918. Offices,
Admiralty, Garde Meuble, and Mint, 360,
2896. Colleges, 2903. Napoleon column,
2603. Abattoir of Ménilmontant, 2935.
Hospitals, 2973 et seq. Of the Invalides,
1581. The Louvre, lighting of, 2916; façade
of, 359, 2613; windows, 2760. Observatory,
359, 2920. Public libraries, 2211. Théâtres
Italien and Français, 2958. New Opera
house, 2972

Park spring stone, 1667w

Parker's, or Roman, cement, 1863. Use of,

2251a. In specifications, 2287

Parliament hinges, 2258a

Parma; theatre, 2948, 2958

Parocona; temple at Ellora, 56

Parquetry, 21736. In specifications, 22856
Parting bead of a sash frame, 2147.
in a sash frame, 2165

Strip

Partitions; in carpentry, 2024, 2025. How
measured, 2336. Value of labour, 2350.
Bricknog, 1902; in specifications, 22826.
Half brick, 1902a. Stone slab, ib. Tiles, ib.
Hollow brick, 19026. Glazed, 2231. Quar-
tered, in specifications, 2285a. Timber for,
1729f. Of deal, in specifications, 2285c. Gas
pipes should not be enclosed in, 22646
Parts of an order, 2523

Parvise over porch, p. 956 et seq.

Pasley, Col.; on domes, 1499/

Patent axe; mason's tool, 1915b, 1915c
plate glass, 18726, 1873.

glass, 1878. Slating, 2210h

Rough plate

Patrixbourne, Kent; circular window in
church, p. 951

Örnamental, 1839i. In

Pattern-making, 2265ƒ
Pavements, 1666i.
specifications, 22846

Pede, Henry van; architect, 562, 563
Pedestals, 2599 et seq. Table showing their

heights, ancient and modern, 2601. Parts
2602. Dies, 2603. Employment of, 2604
Pediment; origin of, 135. Observation by
Cicero on, ib. Inclination, Roman, 269. Of
varied forms, 2716. How they should be
used, 2717, 2718. Vitruvius's rule respect-
ing, 2719. Different sizes in same façade to
be avoided, 2720. Mode of connecting the
horizontal and raking parts, 2721. Heights
of; how regulated, 2722. Face of tympa-
num; how disposed, 2723. Working of; in
specifications, 2284a

Peel; cathedral, 1681

Pegmata; of the amphitheatre, 229
Pelasgic buildings, 27

Pelican Office, Lombard Street, 515
Pellegrini, Pellegrino; architect, 621
Pellet ornament, 397

Pembroke; Philip, earl of, 461
Penaria; of a Roman house, 253
Pendentives, 2090. Conical, for covers to
ceilings of square rooms, 2091. To find
springing lines, 2092. Method of coving a
square room with spherical, 2093. To find
intersections of ribs in, 2094. In dome
stone vaulting, 1999 et seq., 2002u, 2002.r.
At Caudevec, p. 1011. In towers, p. 961,
p. 962. In carpentry, 2090 et seq.
Penetration of mouldings, 578, p. 932
Pennethorne, James; architect, 520, 1666d,
2931

Penrose, F. C.; architect, on proportion, p. 973
Penshurst house, Kent, 446

PER

Perkins' system of heating by hot water, 3056
Pernes; church, 307

Perpendicular period of Gothic architecture
in England, p. 925. Work, proportion in,
p. 975. Mouldings, p. 931. Piers, p. 935.
Capitals, p. 936. Bases, p. 937. Ribs, p.
938. Hood moulds, p. 940. Plinths, p. 940.
Parapet, p. 941. Wood mouldings, p. 943.
Windows, p. 948. Window jambs, p. 950.
Doorways, p. 955. Porches, p. 957. Towers,
p. 960

Perpignan; cathedral, 545. Church, 586
Perrault, Claude; architect, 359, 360
Persepolis, or ruins of Chel-Minar, 46-49.
Architectural details compared with those
of Egypt and Persia, 50
Persia; present architecture of, 51
Persians, 2682, 2684
Persienne blinds, 2165f

Perspective, 2405 et seq. Temp. 1565, 440
Perugia; Madonna di Monte Luce, 624. San
Ercolano, 616. Sta. Giuliana, ib.
Pestagalli, P.; architect, 620
Petchorsky; convent of, at Kiev, 375
Peterborough, Northamptonshire; cathedral,

396, 398. Founders and dimensions, 434.
Spire of staircase, p. 963. Apse, p. 965.
Lantern, groined ceiling, 2023g
Petersburg deals, &c. 1729e. See "St. Peters-
burg

Petersham house, for Lord Harrington, 510
Petra; ruins of, 3

Petworth marble, 166k, 1681g
Pevensey castle, Sussex, 391
Pew hinges, 22586

Pewing; in specifications, 2285m

Philip of Macedon; portico of, at Rome, 151
Phillips's rolled iron girder, 1629f
Phoenician architecture, 9, 54
Phygalia; temple, p. 901, p. 903
Pia, villa; near Rome, 345

Piccolomini, palazzo; Siena, 329. Cornice, 2725
Pickart, Jan; architect, 558
Picked, to granite, 1915c

Picture Galleries, 2921 et seq. Proposed ar-
rangement, 2922, 2923, 2925. Lineal feet
in certain galleries, 2924. Lighting, 2926.
Dulwich gallery, ib. Over lighting, 2927.
Fitzwilliam museum at Cambridge, 2928.
Screens, 2929. Novel principle of lighting
by Benj. West, 2980. Other examples,
2931.

Of earthen-

Pipes for drains, 1888a et seq.
ware, 2223p. Of stone, ib. Of iron, 22239.
Of gutta percha,2223r. Of lead, manufacture,
2223m. Weight of, 2223n

main service and supply, 2223g, 2223n
hot water; for heating, 3059. Expansion
of, ib. Quantity for a building, 3060
Pirna; church, 583

Pisa Duomo, 286, p. 1000. Baptistery, 291,
292, p. 995. Sta. Caterina, 613. San Fran-
cesco, ib. San Martino, 616. House, 614.
Campo Santo, 291, 293. Campanile, ib.
Casement adopted there, 2165c
Pisano, Niccolo; architect, 613
Piscina; of the Roman baths, 235
Pisè work, 1903n

Pistoia; San Salvatore, 613. San Domenico,
ib. San Francesco, ib., 616. La Quarquonia,
614. Baptistery of San Giovanni Rotundo,
616. Palazzo della comunità, 618. Palazzo
pretorio, ib.

Pit sand, 1851, 18526

Pitch or slope of a roof, 1906, 2040b, 2052n
Pitching; for paving, 1672. Piece in stairs, 206
Pitti, palazzo; Florence, 325, 329, 331
Place brick, 1817, 1823

Placentia palace, at Greenwich, 423

Plain tiles, 1835. Table of the number re-
quired for a given quantity of work, 2301,
2321. Gauge, 1906. Setting ia mortar
and dry, ib.

Plan, 2490a. Distribution of, 2489
Plane trigonometry, 1033-1055
Planes, in geometry, 969-978

, in carpentry; Jack, trying, long, jointer,
smoothing, 2102; compass, forkstaff,
straight block, 2103; rebate, moving, fillis-
ter, sash fillister, plough, 2104; moulding,
2105; bead, and snipe-bill, 2106
Planing machine, 2124a, 2124c
Plank, 1710. How measured, 2331
Planking; to doors, 2145a

Planted work; in Gothic joinery, 2175e
Plasencia; cathedral, 596. Parochial church,
p. 977

Plaster; adhesive power of, 1494. Quantity
to cover a surface, 2248. New inventions,
2250a et seq.

of Paris, 1866c. Used in walling, 2249a
Plasterer's work; in specifications, 2287,
2293d. Method of estimating, 2376. Work,
in Dublin, 2246a
Plastering, 2232 et seq.

Quantity of different
materials in a given number of yards, 2248
Plate girder, 1629a et seq., 1629p

glass, 1870a, 1872b, 1875. Patent, 18726.
Rough, 1877

iron, 1764f. Strength of, 1630r, 1630v.
Weight per foot, 2254

rack; in specifications, 2285/

PLA

Plate tracery, p. 947, p. 957

Plateresque of Spain, 599

Plates of metal to doors, 2145c

Play-ground in industrial dwellings, 3021
Plenum system of ventilation, 3029

Plinths, p. 935. In specifications, 22936.
Gothic, p. 940 et seq.

Plumb rule, 1890

Plumber and his boy, 318,319

Plumber's work; in specifications, 2288. Me-
thod of estimating, 2377. Weighed and
fixed, 2215

Plumbery, 2212 et seq.

Plymouth; naval hospital, 1670

Podium; of an amphitheatre, 228
Point or division, 19436

; mason's, 1910

Pointed arch; theories respecting, 294 et seq.
Rev. Mr. Whittington's and Sir Chris-
topher Wren's opinions, 100. Ancients
acquainted with, ib. Countries in which it
appeared, 301. Prevailed in the East, ib.
Its origin probably there, ib. Möller's
opinions of, 302. Appearance immediately
after first crusade, ib. Mr. Kerrich's
opinion of origin, ib. Difference of writers'
opinions, 303. Michelet's opinion, 303a.
J. Fergusson's, 304 et seq.
Combated by
E. Sharp, 3076. Ignored in Italy, ib.
; in England, 397, 400. In Italy, 318.
In France, 536. In Venice, 610
vaulting, 1499v

Pointed, or Christian architecture, 530 et seq.,
p. 922 et seq. In Spain, 584. In Portugal,
600. In Italy, 608. In Sicily, 626. Pro-
portion, p. 981

Points of support, 1581-1583, 2531. Table
of, in principal buildings of Europe, 1583.
Table of, in Gothic buildings, 1583a. Of
apartments, 2848 et seq.

Poitiers; Notre Dame,534. Mason's marks,322b
Pojana villa; cornice, 2725
Pola; amphitheatre, 228.

p. 919

Pole plate, 2035, 2035a

Arch of Sergius,

Poliphilus, Hypnerotomachia; account of the

work, 326, p. 916.

See "Colonna"

Polleyt, Eustache; architect, 562, 2890c
Poly chromatic architecture, 2511, 2512. Of
the Greeks, 171

Polygonal figures; used with the triangle,

p. 975. With the square, ib., p. 986. Sub-
divisions in tracery, p. 953
Polygons; table of, 1219

Polytechnic Institution, 1786. Ventilation at,

PRI

comparing proportions, 2391 et seq. As
applied to the whole figure, 2393
Portcullis; of a castle, 394
Porti palace; balustrades, 2698
Portici; museum, 2918

Portico; of Septimius, 2547. Of Philip of
Macedon, 151. Doric, at Athens, p. 902.
Brick, in specifications, 2282h. Stone, ditto,
2284a. To admit carriages, earliest, 525

proportion of Doric, tetrastyle, p. 901.
Hexastyle, p. 902. Octastyle, p. 905. Ro-
man tetrastyle, p. 911. Hexastyle, p. 911.
Octastyle, p. 912. Ionic tetrastyle, p. 910.
Ionic hexastyle, p. 910. Those of the Par-
thenon and Pantheon contrasted, p. 913.
Essential for a church, 2872

Porticus; of the Greek gymnasium, 175. Of
the Roman house, 244, 253

Portland cement, 1864a. Use of, 2251a, 22516.
Concrete, 1862d

Portland stone; its qualities, 1666f, 1667w.
Strength, 1667v. Crushing weight, 1502a,
15026, 1502g. In lintels, 1502p
Port Phillip granite, 1672a
Portsmouth; docks, 1671e

Portugal; architecture of, 367 et seq. Pointed
architecture of, 600

Post office, ventilation, 3035

Posts in warehouses; in specifications, 2285a
Pot metal glass, 22316

Potash; to soften putty and paint, 2226a
Potassi, J.; architect, 607

Pots and jars; in arched work, 1903i
Potter's bar; house at, 440
Power of a number, 2297h
Poyet, -; architect, 2974

Poynter, Ambrose; architect, table of French
and English architecture, 537
Pozzo, Andrea; architect, 365
Pozzuoli, amphitheatre, 228

Practical carpentry, 2003 et seq. See "Carpen-
try," &c.

Practical geometry, 999-1032

Præcinctio; of the Roman theatre, 226. Of the
amphitheatre, 228

Prague; cathedral, 567, 572. Proportion of,

p. 971

Prato; cathedral, 616, 624

Prebendal house, Westminster; staircase, 2797
Prenzlau; church of St. Mary, 572
Presence or privy chamber, 415

Preservation of stone, 1667h, 1739 et seq., 1779
et seq.

Priam's palace had fifty chambers, 140
Pricking-up; plasterer's, 2240
Priests; ridicule of, 311

Primary Gothic, 537

Princess slates, 2211c

Principal rafters in a roof, 2035a
Principles of composition, 2825
Prior park, near Bath, 513

Prisons, 2977 et seq. Their destination, 2977.
Essentials of, 2978. Requisites of, according
to Howard, 2979, 2980. At Ghent, 2981.
Model or Pentonville prison, 2981a. City
prison, ib. Discipline, 29816. At Newgate,
523. The steen at Antwerp, 563
Private buildings; general observations on,
2983 et seq. Principles on which they should
be designed, 2984-2989. In towns, 2990
et seq. Common houses of London, 2992.
Of a grade higher, 2993. First class of,
2994. Burlington house, 2995. In the
country, 2996. Keddlestone, ib. Holkham,

PRI

2997. Villa, smallest size of, 2999. At Foot's
Cray and Mereworth, 3000

Private houses of the Romans, 242. Earliest,

only one story, ib.
Splendour of them, ib.
consisted, 244-255.

the family, 245

Later houses, 243.
Parts of which they
Parts of, reserved for

Probus, Cornwall; proportion of church, p. 976
Procton; of a Roman house, 252

Profiling an order, 2523, 2551

Projection; in geometry, 1130 et seq.
Property; valuation of, p. 1078 et seq.
Propigneum of the Greek gymnasium, 175
Proportion (Grecian and Roman); principles
of, 2825 et seq.; by E. Cresy, p. 900. (Me-
diæval) p. 963 et seq.; by E. Cresy, p. 978
et seq.
Proportion; in geometry, 935-937. In ar-
chitecture, based upon fitness, 2496-2499.
Of the orders deduced from the loads and
supports, 2524 et seq. Of rooms, 2829 et seq.
Of mouldings, p. 977 et seq. 2629
Propylæa; at Athens, 150

Proscenium; of the Roman theatre, 226. Of

the Greek theatre, 172. Modern, 2958
Protecting or preserving stonework, 1667n
Prothyrum; of a Roman house, 246, 253
Provisions in specifications; for bricklayer's
work, 2282c. For mason's, 2284c. For car-
penter's, 2285a. For smith's, etc., 2286. For
plumber's, 2288a

Public and private buildings, 2861 et seq.
Public way; arch over and under, 1903a
Puddled steel, 1775. Strength of, 1650r
Puddling furnace, 1760

Pugging; to floors, 2247. In specifications,
2285a, 2287a

Pugin, Augustus Welby; architect on Pointed
architecture, p. 922
Pugmill; for mortar, 1854
Pugwash deals, &c., 1729c

Pulham, Norfolk; church roof, 2052p, 2052r.
Roof mouldings, p. 944, p. 945

Pulley, 1315-1320, 2260. Mortises, 2019, 2020
Pulpit, placing of, in a church, 2875. In speci-
fications, 2285m

Pulpitum; of a Roman theatre, 226. Of the
Greek theatre, 172

Pump; lifting, 2219.

Suction or common,

2221. Forcing, 2222-2224. In specifica-
tions, 2288a

Punch; mason's tool, 1914
Punching holes for rivets, 1631t

Purbeck marble, 1666k, 1681g et seq., p. 937
Purlin, 2035, 2035a. Scantling, 2040. Gothic,
p. 944

rafters, 2043, 2210a. In specifications,

RA

Radnor, Earl of; house for, 410
Raes, Georges; architect, 561
Rafters, 2033, 2035a. Common, 2035. Hip,
ib. Jack, ib. Gothic, p. 944
Raglan castle, Monmouthshire, 426
Ragstone, 1922c et seq.

Railing; ornamental, in specifications, 2286
Rails of a door, 2130

Railway compensation, p. 1078

Rain water pipes, heads, &c., 22557. In speci-
fications, 2286, 2288. Formed in columns,
p. 1023

Rake; plasterer's, 2233. Thatcher's, 2211s
Raker; bricklayer's, 1890

Raking arches, 1413-1416

Raleigh, Sir Walter; house for, 440

Ramée, Daniel; writer on proportion, p. 964
Ramichouer; temple at Ellora, 56
Rammer; bricklayer's, 1890

Rampant pointed arch; to draw and find the
joints, 1943

Random walling; in specifications, 22936
Ranger's artificial stone, 1903n
Ranging lath; in glazing, 2226

Ransome's; process, 16677, 1667m. Siliceous
stone, 16679. Concrete stone, 1667r, 1667s.
Experiments on, 1667t, 1667u, 1667v
Ranville stone, 1666m, 16660, 1666q
Ratisbon; cathedral, 569, 576.

Proportion

of, p. 974. Dominican church, 569. Church,
309

Raunds church, Northamptonshire; roof,
20520. Porch, p. 956

Ravaccione marble, 1677 et seq.
Ravenna, 272. Church of San Apollinaris,
278. Of San Vitalis, 282. Joggled arch at,

1925e