by Archbishop Arundel (1396-1413), whose arms remain on some of the brackets which sustain the roof.

To the same Prelate may also be attributed the adjoining oriel passage, where the King's arms were originally placed, for it is remarkable that Arundel displayed the Royal arms drawn in the way above described, on his archiepiscopal seal.

The Long Gallery, part of the south front of the palace, was rebuilt by Archbishop Wake (1715-1737). In the library at Lambeth is preserved in a shagreen case, a quarry of glass with this remarkable inscription written by Archbishop Laud:

Memorand. Eccl'iæ de

Micham, Cheme, et Stone cum aliis:

fulgure combustæ sunt
Januarii 14, 1638-9

Omen avertat Deus.

which is accompanied by a paper on which Archbishop Wake has left this record :

"This Glasse was taken out of the west window of the Gallery at Croydon before I new built it, and is, as I take it, the writing of Archbishop Laud's own hand."

Those portions of the Palace which are not employed for the bleaching factory, have been converted into dwelling houses, one of which is now occupied by Mr. Samuel Starey, and the other by his partner Mr. Oswald; the former being the part near the chapel, the latter that next the garden, and including three-fourths of the Long Gallery, which now forms three rooms in Mr. Oswald's house, and one in the factory.

The Green-house, seen in the garden front, is also converted into a dwelling house, and was the residence of Mr. Thomas Starey; but since the sale of 1832, it has been much enlarged by its present owner, who has recently taken into it an adjoining dwelling, which had been formed out of the Archbishop's bakehouse, and also increased his garden behind, with a portion of the site of the servants' building before

mentioned. The great kitchen, which was removed about thirty years ago, stood behind the greenhouse.

We must now conclude with a few words respecting the Chapel, which stands on that side of the premises next the church-yard, and within a few feet of the parish Church. Records of the existence of a domestic Chapel in the palace are found from the earliest times; and from the æra of the Reformation to the days of Archbishop Laud, several Bishops were consecrated in it. The present structure is of brick.In the period of the Commonwealth, the Palace came into the hands of Sir William Brereton, who, according to a contemporary pamphleteer, was notable man at a thanksgiving dinner, having terrible long teeth, and a prodigious stomach, to turn the Archbishop's Chapel at Croydon into a kitchen, also to swallow up the Palace and lands at a morsel."

a

That the Chapel, however, was not entirely defaced, is shown by the frequency of the arms of Archbishop Laud, which still occur in it; although the mixture of those of Juxon are also commemorative of his repairs. The stalls, roof, and front of the choristers' gallery remain, and several coats of arms, which are described in Mr. Steinman's History, p. 113; but the pulpit and altar have been removed. The altar erected by Abp. Laud, are now in the house, having been removed into an upper room; where,

in consequence of the wall of the room having been broken through, they have the appearance of a gallery looking down upon the Guard Chamber. Upon them are carved these six little shields:

1. A lion and annulet in bend between six roses; 2. on a cross five roses (see of St. David's); 3. two swords in saltire (see of London); 4. a saltire counterchanged (see of Bath and Wells); 5. on a fess three crosslets fitchy, a canton semée of fleurs-delis (deanery of Gloucester); 6. apparently a jewel, of an oval form, perThese allude to the haps fanciful. various preferments of Archbishop Laud.

briefly unfolded, 1660." He purchased "The Mystery of the good old Cause "the manor of Croydon" for 7,9591. 13s. 6d., Sept. 13, 1647. Collectanea Topographica et Genealogica, 1833, p. 3.

The Chapel itself is still in good repair. The altar was first removed about 1810 to give more space for the appropriation of the room as an armoury for the militia. It has since been converted into a National School for Girls, and Sunday School.

The

small bell which formerly hung in a turret above its roof, has been taken down about thirty years, but is now hung at the south-west extremity of the palace buildings, to summon the workmen to the factory. It is inscribed WILLIAM LAMBVRT MADE MEE 1637.

MR. URBAN,

I AM not surprised to find that the present representatives of the family of Bishop Lowth, should feel some dissatisfaction at any remarks calculated to depreciate the character of their illustrious ancestor. The natural partiality of kindred might well excuse a little jealousy of this sort, even were the subject one less open to diversity of construction, than the warlike and eventful career of the learned Metropolitan. But the question is, not what may be the harmless partialities of a relation; but what ought to be the discretionary responsibilities attached to the office of an editor and biographer. Conceiving it to be equally his duty to avoid, on the one hand, an indiscriminate approval, and on the other hand an unnecessary exposure of the faults and imperfections of his author, to exhibit generally the grounds of his own preference, without beguiling the reader into an undue estimate of their authority; entertaining this opinion of my simple line of duty, I have undertaken a favourite and welcome task, whether on just principles or no, let others judge; right or wrong, they are the principles I have ever held upon the subject, and have conscientiously attempted in the present instance to illustrate.

But I am accused of "grave" and "unfounded" misrepresentations. This is a serious charge, and if borne out, must implicate something worse than the literary capabilities, no less than the literary honesty of the writer. So completely however is the charge of your correspondent" VERAX" left without support, that it is no easy matter to decide to what portion or portions of his letter it is intended to apply. Were to admit the justice of every word he writes, the charge would still remain without a shadow of evidence; but I have only to reply

very briefly to each of his topics of accusation, to shew that they are really all, without exception, unjust in their inferences, and in most cases positively untrue as matters of fact.

With respect to Lowth's qualifications as a divine, controversial or practical, I have said all that I intend to say. The reasons of my judgment are to be found in the volume to which it is prefixed, and are therefore open to public examination and comparison. Less than this I felt I could not say; more I am resolved I will not say. I deemed it necessary, on many accounts, to certify that I regarded the Bishop's views of Divine truth as extremely defective. Such is my opinion, founded on the contents of the very sermons, whether old or new, beautiful, eloquent, and elaborate as they are, incorporated with the rest of his remains. My reasons for that opinion involve the grand point of Christian theology, the vexata quæstio between God and man, life and death, time and eternity, and it is not under the circumstances of a polemical correspondence that I shall choose to enter on the discussion of that solemn and momentous inquiry.

For this defect in the bishop's sermons, your correspondent thinks that an excuse (if excuse were needed) might be found in the consideration, that, as so many of those acknowledged and published by his lordship were delivered on particular and local occasions, the preacher might not deem it necessary to dwell at length on fundamental articles of faith. I believe it is the general opinion of the Church, that on no occasions we should deem it more necessary, than on these, to unfold the great motives and principles of religious conduct; and I am sure that on no occasions have many ministers of her communion more faithfully exemplified

the noble sentiments of St. Paul in the 2nd Chapter of his First Epistle to the Corinthians.

Your Correspondent has given a complimentary turn to Mr. Cadogan's anecdote, of which I cannot discover that it is susceptible. A moment's reference to the original narrative,* however, will speedily set that point at rest, where the writer thinks it necessary to apologize for M. Cadogan's boldness with his lordship, on the plea that "it came from one who in all probability might have obtained a bishopric, had he made it his object."

But as the strongest testimony that could be adduced to the religious views and apprehensions of Bishop Lowth, your Correspondent rests upon the eulogy pronounced by his successor Dr. Porteus. The reader will find the passage quoted at full length at the conclusion of my short memoir; and he will probably be not a little surprised to discover, that not one syllable is there recorded to the purpose. One might reasonably have expected that a testimony from one prelate to another, and particularly to a deceased predecessor, would say the utmost that could be said on a topic so appropriate and so important. Bishop Porteus felt the delicacy of his situation; for he was a man as far above Lowth in spiritual, as he was below Lowth in intellectual attainments. He saw the strong points of his subject, and enforced them admirably; and he also knew the weak points, and most studiously and cautiously avoided them. He extols the literary talents and domestic virtues of the late bishop, the universality of his genius, the inoffensiveness and irreproachableness of his conduct, the unassuming and conciliating gentleness of his manners; and even the natural mildness and evenness of his temper. But on the whole matter of scriptural faith and doctrine, there is a blank; a blank, to which I purposely abstained from pointing the attention of my readers, at the same time that I could not but feel the

* Cecil's Memoir of Cadogan; prefixed to Mr. Cadogan's Sermons, and incorporated in Mr. Cecil's Works.

weight of an opinion, like that of Bishop Porteus, so directly corroborative of my own, though unknown to me till after my own remarks had been both composed and printed off.

Lowth, as your correspondent remarks, was certainly not a Calvinist; of that, there can be no doubt. And God forbid that I should love any man the less on that behalf; I certainly indulged a word or two at the expense of my old acquaintance, the rector of St. Mary, Bryanstone Square, for his curious classification of faultless octavos; because I have always fancied, without reference to the merits of the question, that, if the history of literature afforded one instance more notorious than the rest, of the demolition of an adversary, it was that of the visionary structure of Dr. Tomline, under the ponderous machinery of Thomas Scott. "I thought it complete in its kind," was Robert Hall's judgment of the latter ;* he razed the Bishop's arguments to their very foundations."

I must now add a few words on the authenticity of the sermons now first printed as the productions of Bishop Lowth. Your Correspondent is content merely to deny that the originals are in his lordship's handwriting. I should be loth to swear in a court of justice, to any body's handwriting but my own; but next to my own, I think I would speak with confidence to that of Bishop Lowth. Even were the contrary established as true, the admission would go but a little way to invalidate the authenticity of the compositions themselves, which have evidently been transcribed since they were taken into the pulpit. But the plain and unsuspicious statement preserved on the covers of the MS. volumes, the constant tradition of their identity, and the small degree of likelihood that any one would have forged them, and that too without any ostensible purpose, were considerations, I imagine, quite sufficient of themselves to counterbalance any suspicion that might arise, even were the handwriting proved to be that of another person. It is a circumstance perfectly well known among the parishioners

* Gregory's Life of Hall. 12mo.

of St. James's, Westminster, and St. Martin's in the Fields, that Bishop Lowth was in the habit of preaching at their churches; though unfortunately the preachers' book extends not sufficiently far back at either place, to afford more particular satisfaction. But I am perfectly satisfied to rest on one position; that the internal evidence both of matter and of style is so conclusive, as to warrant an assumption, that none but Bishop Lowth could have represented himself so accurately.

Your Correspondent, in order to vindicate the carefulness with which every relic of the Bishop has been preserved by his posterity, denies that any of his Lordship's MS. remains have ever been suffered to depart out of the custody of his family. I refer to the auctioneer's catalogue of the sale of the Bishop's library in 1823, where I find no less than eight lots of the bishop's MS. annotations and remarks, besides other volumes characterised by circumstances of personal and domestic interest to their former

owner.

If I am told they were with drawn from the sale, I answer that they were scattered about in the bookseller's catalogues for the next two years, and included many of the Bishop's unpublished additions to his own works, and those of his venerable father. I have the documents just mentioned in my hands, and can authenticate this statement by ample extracts, if required.

It is certainly true that I applied to the Bishop's family for assistance, both in the compilation of his Memoirs and the collection of his Remains. It is equally true that in both particulars I met with a refusal. I blame no one

SELDEN'S HOUSE

AT Salvington, a hamlet of Tarring, near Worthing, is still standing the house in which the sage and learned Selden first drew his breath, on the 16th of December, 1584. The name of the house was Lacies, as is recorded in the epitaph written by himself; and the estate which belonged to the honest yeoman his father, consisted in 1606 of 81 acres, of which the annual value was 231. 8s.

for this. They were quite at liberty to do as they did, and I was as equally at liberty to do as I did. They denied me help I wanted, and I did as well as I could without it. But surely these are the last persons in the world who ought to reproach me for such omissions, mistakes I need not say; for notwithstanding the scantiness of my materials, they have not convicted me of one mistake, though they have advertised the memoir, in general language, as full of errors; but with such omissions as none but their own resources could supply. With respect to the interference of one of the most eminent of our living prelates, I have the best authority for suspecting that it was not only the reserve of Bishop Lowth's family, but also the scruples of Bishop Porteus's successor, which prevented the publication alluded to. And it was not till I had made a promise in that quarter, to abstain from entering overmuch into the particulars of Bishop Lowth's biography, that his Grace's apprehensions for the dignity of the see of London were abated.

If the Bishop's family are really in possession of papers, which would enhance his general reputation, and more especially remove the blemish which hitherto impairs his character as a divine, they will be doing but a tardy act of justice to his memory to make them public. Nor would any one more truly rejoice, could he find good reason to retract an unfavourable sentence against Bishop Lowth, than he who has been thus necessitated to pro

nounce one.

Yours, &c. THE EDITOR OF LOWTH.

AT SALVINGTON.