meal. The robin is a "soft-billed" bird, driven by starvation to eat bread, but whose natural food is worms, insects, small scraps of meat, &c. Consequently he has a reason for cultivating the tame hawk's acquaintance, and partaking of his hospitalities, which the sparrow has not. May not this in some measure account for the interesting facts MR. COLLINS has brought before us?

P. P.

WILLIAM KNIGHT, F.S.A. (2nd S. xi. 426.) The gentleman mentioned by MR. TIMBS as an inhabitant of Islington was not at all likely to have been useful to Rennie in any engineering undertaking. He was a distiller, and carried on business in partnership with Mr. Gordon, in Goswell Street, St. Luke's. Having acquired wealth, he employed it in forming a collection of works of art and antiquities, and in the purchase of a valuable and extensive library, principally of old English literature. In this last pursuit he was materially assisted and guided by Mr. Upcott, who was his intimate friend. Bibliomaniacs in general display their peculiarity in devoting their attention to some particular class of books. Mr. Knight's taste may have been influenced by the proximity of the New River; but whether that be so or not, he, like MR. MILNER, was a large collector of books on angling. Towards the close of his career, he had another hobby, which was, the purchase of all books printed on London Bridge; and thus it is probable that his name became connected with that structure. No other relation can, I think, be discovered between them, Mr. Knight's pursuits having no direction towards mathematical studies. Mr. Knight's widow afterwards married Sir Charles Fellowes, whom she now survives.

At p. 544. of the same volume it is stated, in correction of the above, that Mrs. Sykes was not the last of the Pendrills, "for Mr. Thomas Pendrill is now an assistant scowerer in His Majesty's H. S. G. household."

FAMILY OF BRodie of BrodiE (2nd S. xi. 449.) -G. F. C. may probably have already got the following information, which I take from the printed Index to Scotch Special Retours (1811), vocibus "Elgin et Forres." If he has not, it so far answers his Query:

served heir to his father David Brodie of Brodie, in the "No. 42. Oct. 26th, 1626. David Brodie of Brodie lands and barony of Brodie and others.

No. 66. May 19th, 1636. Alexander Brodie of Brodie served heir male in the same lands to David Brodie of Brodie, his father.

No. 144. Oct. 7th, 1680. James Brodie of Brodie served heir male and of line in the same and other lands to Alexander Brodie of Brodie, his father.

The Index is not printed of any later date than R. S.Qthe year 1700, but written Indices to the present date are accessible in the Register House, Edin. burgh.

THE LONG PACK (2nd S. xi. 389.) This tale appeared several years (four or five at least) before 1817. If my memory does not deceive me, it was a contribution to a sporting magazine; and as then publications were not so numerous at that time as they have been since, it might probably be discovered, if such periodicals were deposited in the British Museum Library.

W. C. TREVELYAN.

S.

ADAM WITH A BEARD (2nd S. xi. 88.) — In the gates of the Baptistery at Florence, by Lorenzo Ghiberti, which Michel Agnolo declared to be worthy of being the gates of Paradise, Adam is represented with a beard.

In a facsimile of a drawing by Raffaello from J. M. has made a great mistake in saying that Eve from Paradise, in fresco in the "Carmine" Masaccio's design of the expulsion of Adam and James Hogg, the Ettrick Shepherd, 66 was born in 1792, and was twenty-five years old in 1817." at Florence, Adam is represented with a beard. He was born in 1772, and was consequently forty-pose of being copied into the decorations of the This sketch was made by Raffaello for the purfive years old in 1817; so that, in respect of age, Loggie of St. Peter's at Rome-works which he was perfectly capable of having been the have been published more than once under the author of The Long Pack. title of Raffaelle's Bible; but in this remote village I have not been able to discover a copy of this work, and am unable to say whether Raffaello repeated the beard. This, however, in London can be immediately ascertained. Michel Agnolo, in the Sistine Chapel, has omitted the beard. Fuseli also omitted the beard. My father,

J. L. SUTTON (2nd S. xi. 409.) In most cases the names Sutton, Norton, Easton, and Weston have reference to some town or other important place north, south, west, or east of the Sutton, &c. Occasionally, as in the case of a Norton Hall, the name is derived from that of some family, which

in illustrations of Milton, I am pretty sure, intro-
duced the beard, as (if not impertinent in men-
tioning myself, I may say), I did, in a series of
lithographic illustrations of the Bible, published
by Seeley & Co., edited by Sir J. D. Paul, and in
other less important works. I have in my hands
a picture painted with very considerable ability,
but whether late Italian or early Flemish, I am
unable to decide, in which Adam has a beard. I
dare say other examples might be found, but I
am so far removed from the regions of art, that
I am unable to investigate the question, and can
only console myself with the feeling that, if the
numbers of great artists should prove to be
against my practice, that at least I have erred
with one who is unquestionably entitled to rank
with, if not before, the greatest names in art, -
Lorenzo Ghiberti.
FRANK HOWARD.

Liverpool.

ITALIAN ILIAD (2nd S. xi. 288.)- Not having observed any reply to the inquiry of C. F. on this subject I venture to offer the little information I possess.

There is an Italian translation of the Iliad by Salvini, a poet of the seventeenth century. It is blamed by some critics for being too literal.

The Iliad has also been translated (wholly, or in part,) into Italian by Cesarotti and Maffei (1st book), poets of the eighteenth century; and later, by the celebrated Monti. The translation by the latter writer is much lauded by Italian critics; but I confess I am not qualified to offer an opinion on the merits of any of the versions above referred to, for the simple reason, that I have not read any of them.

From remarks I have seen, I judge that Cesarotti's version properly comes under the denomination of a Rifacciamento, particularly referred to by C. F.

into Latin verse.

because its meaning is unknown, as I have been
informed by Hebrew Professors. I abstain from
going further into these matters, as they are not
connected with that of the original Query as to
the name "Mazer."
FRANK HOWARD.

The Cardinal was descended, or at least I have
CARDINAL RICHELIEU (2nd S. xi. 308. 417.) —
seen it so stated, from Robert, Count of Dreux,
son of Louis VI., and brother of Louis VII.

show in what way this royal line merged in the Could MEMOR, or any of your correspondents, noble House of Du Plessis, which became subsequently united to that of Richelieu? A sister of the Count of Dreux was the wife of Eustace, son FEAR GAN EOLUS. of our King Stephen.

College Green, Dublin.

THE MAN OF Ross (2nd S. xi. 466.)-C. B. Y. may perhaps be glad to learn that in the Preface to a small book entitled The Excursion down the Wye, &c., by Charles Heath, Printer, Monmouth, 1796," there are 41 pages of "Memoirs and Anecdotes of the Life of John Kyrle, Esq., the Man of Ross."

Mr. Heath says of Kyrle,

"He was, for many years, a blessing to the town of Ross and its neighbourhood, an assister of young tradesmen on their first commencing business, an assiduous healer of discord and contention, a friend to the fatherless and widow, and died at the age of eighty-eight, with that calm confidence and serene hope such a life insures, a death which we all wish for, but few of us have a right to expect."

The book contains many curious details respecting the portrait of the Man of Ross, his ring, pocket-book, monument, chair, &c., and a variety of interesting particulars communicated to Mr. H. by William Dobbs, the Cryer, of Ross.

If C. B. Y. has not seen, or does not know of, a copy of the above work, he shall be quite welcome to the loan of mine. G. H.

ISABEL (?) COUNTESS OF GLOUCESTER (2nd S. xi. 357.)- Sandford, in his Genealogical History, (1st ed.), p. 49., calls this lady Isabel, and quotes 50. and 373 b. num. 30.; Matt. Westm. as authorities "Rogerus Hoveden, f. 216 a. num. 257. p. num. 10.; Pat. 15 R. Johannis, pl. m. 4." I never knew there was any doubt on the subject until MR. WILLIAMS's communication appeared in "N. & Q." H. S. G.

I may add that Poliziano, in the fifteenth century, and Bernardo Cunich, in the eighteenth century (both Italian poets), translated the Iliad M. H. R MAZER BOWL (2nd S. vii. 103.) — Not having seen any answer to M. G.'s suggestion of the term Mazer being derived from " Mazzaroth," permit me to say, that the signs of the Zodiac are not "universally acknowledged to have a deep and sacred meaning." The reverse may be readily established by those who have studied the question. RUSTIC SUPERSTITION (2nd S. viii. 242.)—When Moreover, there is no "probability" of our owing is the moon said to be like a boat? When the "the early introduction of the signs of the Zodiac moon, in the first or last quarter, lies in nearly a to the Phoenicians: for it can be satisfactorily horizontal direction, . This used to be conproved, that the signs (constellations) of the Zo-sidered by sailors as a fair-weather moon, as they diac were not invented till long after the Phoenicians ceased to be a nation. "Mazzaroth" has never before, I believe, been translated "Zodiac"; but in the Septuagint Vulgate, and English translations of the Scriptures, left in its original form,

said you might hang your hat upon it. But in
this district the idea is, that it is a sign of foul
weather, as the moon is considered to resemble a
basin full of the rain about to fall.
Liverpool.

PUCK.

Miscellaneous.

BOOKS AND

ODD

VOLUMES

WANTED TO PURCHASE.

Particulars of Price, &c. of the following Books to be sent direct to the gentlemen by whom they are required, and whose names and addresses are given for that purpose:

1756.

A COMPLETE COLLECTION OF LORDS' PROTESTS. 2 Vols. 8vo. Almon.
FULLER'S WORTHIES, by Nuttall. 3 Vols. 8vo. 1840.

Wanted by W. J. Thoms, Esq. 40. St. George's Square, Belgrave
Road, S.W.

RENTALL OF THE COUNTY OF PERTH FOR 1649 CONTRASTED WITH 1835, edited by W. Gloag. 4to. 1835.

Wanted by W. Blackwood & Sons, Edinburgh.

LATIN BIBLE. Folio. Venice, 1542. Printed by Peter Schaeffer.
CRANMER'S BIBLES.

BISHOP'S BIBLE. 1574.

BIBLES 1611 and 1613 folio, and 8vo. 1612 and 1613.

Wanted by Francis Fry, Cotham, Bristol.

LIBURNI (2nd S. xi. 328. 396. 457. 497.) The last communication is very valuable. We must all be obliged to MR. BUCKTON for reminding us that "Liburnus was synonymous with "præco." These officers, who seem to have been of low repute and yet to have made money, were the criers in court, as well as of things COMPLETE COLLECTION OF PROTESTS FROM 1641 TO 1737. 8vo. London, lost. They bade people to the public games and to funerals, and were the summoning officers. Whether they really were Liburnians, as our bailiffs were at one time Jews, is not clear; or whether from their occupation they got this nickname is not known. But they had one duty to perform more terrible and revolting than all others. We learn from Livy (xxvi. 15.), that it was their office to command the lictors to execute the sentence of death just agreed on by the magistrates, an office much like that of the dreaded doomster in Scotland. We must also remember that the Roman Triumph was marked by a most unnecessary and barbarous custom. As the victor ascended the Clivus Capitolinus, the captive king, or general, who had been led in triumph, was dragged by the lictors to the Mamertine Prison and there butchered. If I remember right this custom continued to the time of Aurelian, who spared the life of Zenobia, this clemency being considered an exception to the rule. Certainly there could be nothing to affect Cleopatra in being brought over in a felucca rather than a galley, nor is there any reason to apply the phrase "sæva" to a ship. But if we consider these public criers to have been the persons appointed to doom her to a barbarous death, we can conceive how they would indeed be repulsive objects to her; and be associated in her mind with the "cruel" part of the triumph.

Poets' Corner.

A. A.

I congratulate myself on having elicited by my Query the excellent suggestion of MR. BUCKTON as to the interpretation of the word Liburni, which I willingly adopt. Henceforth no editor of Horace must talk of Cleopatra being dragged in triumph in a Liburnian ship. J. C. M.

GUIDOTT AND BRETTELL FAMILIES (2nd S. xi. 249. 318.)-With reference to my Query under the above heading in your present volume, I have since ascertained from a connexion of the latter family, that" Wm. Guidott Brettell was so named from a cousin of his mother's father (Wm. Walford) of the name of Wm. Guidott, Esq. of Preston Candover, co. Southampton, in whose estate his mother had an interest."

Perhaps this is the same Wm. Guidott as the M.P. mentioned by your correspondent. H. S. G.

ALSOPP (BENJ.), Sermons on Ephesians. Folio. 1690.
BUNNY (FR.), Exposition of Romans iii. 28. 4to. 1616.
BURROUGHS (JEREM.), Commentary on Matthew xi. 4to. 1659.
BYRDALL (THоs.), Parable of Fig-tree. 8vo. 1668.

DIONYSIUS (Sr.), Exposition of Mark, by Loftus. Dublin, 1672. 8vo.
DOVE (JOHN), Commentary on Canticles. Folio. 1613.

EST (WM.), Lectures on James i. svo. 1616.

LLANVADONON (WM.), Exposition of 2nd Psalm. 4to. 1655.
CALVERT (THоs.), Exposition of Isaiah liii.

Wanted by Rev. A. B. Grosart, 1st Manse, Kinross, N.B.

Notices to Correspondents.

TO OUR READERS. With the present Number we bring to a close

what we venture to believe is one of the most interesting volumes of "N. following List of Papers, which will appear in our next and following

& Q." which we have yet had the pleasure of issuing to the public. The
numbers, will show that its successor bids fair to be of equal value: -
JOTTINGS OF GEORGE VERTUE.

EXTRACTS FROM REGISTERS OF THE STATIONERS' COMPANY, by J. P.
Collier.

EDWARD RABAN, THE PRINTER.

NAMING OF NEW CHURCHES.

INTERESTING INEDITED LETTER OF DR. PARR.

MEMOIR OF WILLIAM OLDYS.

MUTILATION AND DESTRUCTION OF SEPULCHRAL MONUMENTS.
PASQUIN'S "CHILDREN OF THESPIS."

KENDAL GREEN.

THE FATHER OF CATHERINE SHORTER.

FAIR ROSAMOND.

FOLK LORE, &C.

We have to apologise to several correspondents for the omission of their QUERIES from this week's "N. & Q." We trust that they will see in our

anxiety to insert as many REPLIES as possible, in order that they may appear in the same volume with the QUERIES to which they relate, a sufficient excuse for this delay.

MONUMENTAL INSCRIPTIONS. As we desire to avoid as much as possible any intermixture of personal matters with this important question, we have not inserted the last communication which has reached us on this subject.

THE INDEX to the present volume will be issued with "N. & Q." of the 20th July.

Y. T. M. (Shangai.) Macaulay's allusion is to Sheridan's beautiful wife (Miss Linley), whose portrait was painted by Sir Joshua.

CYMRо. The Pursuit of Literature was written by Mathias. Much curious information respecting it will be found in the 1st Series of "N. & Q.'

ERRATA. 2nd S. xi. p. 218. col. i. 1. 32. for "James " read "Innes; p. 484. col. i. 1. 25. for "(e)scafauldus "read" (e)scalfaudus; " 1. 30. for "cadufaldus "read" cadafaldus;" (note) 1. 4. from bottom for "eschalare read" escalare; p. 492. col. ii. 1. 8. for "What Lowth" read "What Michaelis."

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INDEX.

SECOND SERIES.-VOL. XI.

[For classified articles, see ANONYMOUS WORKS, BOOKS RECENTLY Published, EpitaPHS, FOLK LORE, Proverbs
AND PHRASES, QUOTATIONS, SHAKSPERIANA, AND SONGS AND BALLADS.]

Johnson (Dr. Samuel), satirical allusion to, 52. Admirer on Henry Ellison, 248.