ACBAR, contemporary with Elizabeth,
firmly established the Mogul rule in
India; Aurungzebe (1659-1707); ex-
tended the Mogul Empire over South
India, 400

Aislabie, Chancellor of the Exchequer;
forfeited most of his huge profits, 370
Alexander VI., Pope, father of Lucretia
and Cæsar Borgia. He obtained his
office by bribery and held it by a series
of infamous crimes (d. 1503), 41
Alguazils, "a Spanish adaptation of the
Arabic al-wazir, the minister, and used
in Spanish both for a justiciary and a
bailiff." Here it implies cruel and extor
tionate treatment, 593.
Allipore, a suburb of Calcutta, 645
Amadis, the model knight who is the hero
of the famous mediæval prose-romance
of the same title. Of Portuguese origin,
it was afterwards translated and ex-
panded in Spanish and in French, 164
Aminta, a pastoral play composed by Tasso
in 1581, 161

Antiochus and Tigranes, overthrown_re-
spectively by Pompey, B.C. 65, and Lu-
cullus, B.C. 69, 549

Atahualpa, King of Peru, captured and
put to death by Pizarro in 1532, 479
Atterbury, Bishop of Rochester and cham-
pion of the High Church and Tory party
(1662-1732), 269

Aumils, district-governors, 638
Aurungzebe, dethroned and succeeded
Shah Jehan in 1658 (d. 1707), 486
Austrian Succession, War of (see the Essay
on Frederic the Great, vol. v. of this
edition), 484

BABINGTON, Anthony, an English Catholic,
executed in 1586 for plotting to assas
sinate Elizabeth. Everard Digby was
concerned in the Gunpowder Plot of
1605, 305

Babington, an English Catholic executed in
1586 for plotting to assassinate Elizabeth
under the instruction of a Jesuit named
Ballard, 7

Ballard. 'See Babington.

Barbariccia and Draghignazzo, the fiends

who torment the lost with hooks in the
lake of boiling pitch in Malebolge, the
eighth circle in Dante's Inferno, 164
Baretti, Giuseppe, an Italian lexiographer
who came to London, was patronised by
Johnson, and became Secretary of the
Royal Academy, 658

Barillon, the French Ambassador in Eng-
land, 240

Barnard, Sir John, an eminent London
merchant, and Lord Mayor (1685-1764),
353

Barras, a member of the Jacobin (g. v.)
club; he put an end to Robespierre's
Reign of Terror and was a member of
the Directory till Napoleon abolished it
(d. 1829), 658

Batavian liberties, Batavia is an old name
for Holland; the Celtic tribe known as
Batavii once dwelt there, 229

Bath, Lord, William Pulteney, Sir R.
Walpole's opponent, and author of a few
magazine articles (1684-1764), 337
Belisarius, Justinian's great general, who
successively repulsed the Persians, Van-
dals, Goths, and Huns, but who, tradi-
tion says, was left to become a beggar
(d. 565), 368

Benevolences, royal demands from indi-
viduals not sanctioned by Parliament
and supposed to be given willingly;
declared illegal by the Bill of Rights,
1689, 230

Bentinck, Lord William, the Governor.
General (1828-1835) under whom suttee
was abolished, internal communications
opened up, and education considerably
furthered, 549

Bentivoglio, Cardinal, a disciple of Gali-
leo, and one of the Inquisitors who
signed his condemnation (1579-1641), 93
Berkeley and Pomfret, where Edward II.
and Richard II. respectively met their
deaths, 90

Bernier, a French traveller who wandered
over India, 1656-1668, 487

Blues, The, Royal Horse Guards, 369
Board of Control, a body responsible to
the Ministry with an authoritative parlia
mentary head: established by Pitt's
India Bill (1784), 525.

Bobadil, the braggart hero in Johnson's
Every Man in his Humour, 498
Bolingbroke, Viscount, Tory Prime Minis-
ter under Anne; brought about the
Peace of Utrecht, 1713. His genius and
daring were undoubted, but as a party
leader he failed utterly, 417
Bolivar, the Washington of South America,
who freed Venezuela, Colombia, and
Bolivia from Spain (1783-1830), 182
Bonner, Bishop of London, served
"Bloody" Mary's anti-Protestant zeal,
died in the Marshalsea Prison under
Elizabeth, 108

Bonslas, a Marátha tribe not finally sub-
dued till 1817, 589

Bradshaw, President of the Court that
condemned Charles I., 334.

Braganza, House of, the reigning family of
Portugal; Charles II. married Catherine
of Braganza in 1662, 216

Breda, Peace of, July 21, 1667; Breda is
in North Brabant, Holland, 217

Brissotines, those moderate republicans in
the French Revolution who are often
known as the Girondists, 188
Broghill, Lord, better known as Rope
Boyle, author of Parthenissa, etc., 210
Brooks's, the great Whig Club in St.
James's Street amongst whose members
were Burke, Sheridan, Fox, and Garrick,
623
Brothers, Richard, a fanatic who held that
the English were the lost ten tribes of
Israel (1757-1824), 283

Browne's Estimate (of the Manners and
Principles of the Times), the author was
a clergyman noted also for his defence
of utilitarianism in answer to Shaftesbury
(Lecky, Hist. Eng. in 18th Cent., ii.
89 f.), 392

Brutus, i. The reputed expeller of the last
King of Rome; ii. One of Cæsar's mur-
derers, 356, 407

Bulicame, the seventh circle in the Inferno,
the place of all the violent, 199

Buller, Sir Francis, English judge, author
of Introduction to the Law of Trials at
Nisi Prius (1745-1800), 278

Bürger, Gottfried, German poet (1748-
1794), author of the fine ballad "The
Wild Huntsman," 224

Burgoyne, afterwards the General in com-
mand of the British troops whose sur-
render at Saratoga practically settled the
American War of Independence, 545
Burlington, Lord, Richard Boyle, an en-
thusiastic architect of the Italian school
(1695-1753), 363

Burton, Henry, a Puritan divine, pilloried,
mutilated, and imprisoned by the Star
Chamber (1578-1648), 119.

Busiris, a mythological King of Egypt
who used to sacrifice one foreigner
yearly in the hope of ending a prolonged
famine, 249

Buxar, between Patna and Benares, where
Major Munro defeated Sujah Dowlah
and Meer Cossim in 1765, 479

CALAS, Jean, a tradesman of Toulouse,
done to death on the wheel in 1762 on
the false charge of murdering his son to
prevent his becoming a Romanist. Vol-
taire took his case up and vindicated his
memory, 323

Camden, Lord, the Chief Justice of the
Common Pleas who declared general
warrants illegal and released Wilkes in
1763, 342

Capel, Lord Arthur, at first sided with the
Parliament, but afterwards joined the
King; executed for attempting to escape
from Colchester in 1649, 199
Caracci, Annibal, an Italian painter of the
Elizabethan age, 337

Carlton House, the residence of George
IV. when Prince of Wales, 618
Cartoons, the, the famous designs by
Raphael, originally intended for tapestry,

226

Cato, Addison's play, produced in 1713,

329

Cavendish, Lord, first Duke of Devonshire
(d. 1707). He gave evidence in favour
of Lord Russell and tried to secure his
escape, 247

Cesare Borgia, son of Pope Alexander VI.
and brother of Lucrezia, whose infamous
ability, cruelty, and treachery he even
surpassed, 516

Chandernagora, on the Hooghly twenty
miles from Calcutta. Pondicherry in
the Carnatic (i. e. the S.E. coast of
India) is still a French possession, 400
Chemnitius, a seventeenth-century German
historian who wrote a History of the
Swedish War in Germany, 359
Chicksands, in Bedfordshire, 205
Childeric or Chilperic, the former was
King of the Franks (c. 460-480), the
latter King of Neustria (c. 560-580);
both were puppets in the hands of their
subjects, 440

Chorasan, a Persian province, 489
Chowringhee, still the fashionable quarter
of Calcutta, 503

Chudleigh, Miss, maid of honour to the
Princess of Wales (mother of George
III.); the original of Beatrix in Thack-
eray's Esmond, 332

Churchill, John, the famous Duke of
Marlborough, 199

Clootz, a French Revolutionary and one
of the founders of the Worship of Reason;
guillotined 1794, 85

Cocytus, one of the five rivers of Hades
(see Milton's Paradise Lost, il. 577 ff.),
369

Coleroon, the lower branch of the river
Kaveri it rises in Mysore and flows to
the Bay of Bengal, 598

Colman, the Duke of York's confessor, in
whose rooms were found papers held to
support Oates's story, 236

Condé, a French general who, fighting for
Spain, besieged Arras but had to aban
don it after a defeat by Turenne, 198
Conjeveram, south-west from Madras and
east from Arcot, 496

Conway, Marshal, cousin to Walpole;
fought at Fontenoy and Culloden;
moved the repeal of the Stamp Act
(1766), 342

Corah, one hundred miles north-west from
Allahabad, formerly a town of great
importance, now much decayed, 567
Cornelia, a noble and virtuous Roman
matron, daughter of Scipio Africanus
and wife of Sempronius Graccus, 210
Cortes, conqueror of Mexico (1485-1547),

400

Cosmo di Medici, a great Florentine ruler,
who, however, understood the use of
assassination, 545

Cossimbuzar (see the description in the
Essay on Hastings, p. 235), 512

Court of Requests, instituted under Henry
VII. for the recovery of small debts and
superseded by the County Courts in
1847, 378

Covelong and Chingleput, between Madras
and Pondicherry, 498

DAGOBERTS

Charles Martel, nominal
and real rulers of France in the seventh
and eighth centuries, 142
D'Aguesseau, a famous French jurist, law-
reformer, and magistrate (1668-1751), 3
D'Alembert, a mathematician and philo-
sopher who helped to sow the seeds of
the French Revolution. Macaulay quite
misrepresents Walpole's attitude to him
(see letter of 6th Nov. 1768), 339
Damien, the attempted assassinator of
Louis XV. in 1757, 333
Danby, Thomas Osborne, Esq. of, one of
Charles II.'s courtiers, impeached for
his share in the negotiations by which
France was to pension Charles on con-
dition of his refusal to assist the Dutch,
199

Danes, only had a few trading stations in
India, which they sold to the British in
1845, 535

Demosthenes and Hyperides, the two great
orators of Athens who were also contem-
poraries and friends, 636

De Pauw, Cornelius, a Dutch canon (1739-
99), esteemed by Frederic the Great
among others, as one of the freest specu-
lators of his day, 270

Derby, James Stanley, Earl of, one of
Charles I.'s supporters, captured at
Worcester and beheaded in 1651, 199
Derwentwater. Cameron, Stuart ad-
herents who suffered for their share in
the attempts of 1715 and 1745, 414
Dido, Queen of Carthage, who after years
of mourning for her first husband, vainly
sought the love of Æneas, 415
Dionysius, the tyrant of Syracuse (367-343
B.C.) who gathered to his court the fore-
most men of the time in literature and
philosophy, 646

Dodd, Dr., a royal chaplain and fashion-
able preacher whose extravagance led
him to forge a bond of Lord Chester-
field's, for which he was sentenced to
death and duly executed (1729-77), 13,
625
Dodington, George Bubb, a time-serving
and unprincipled politician in the time of
George II., afterwards Baron Melcombe,
353, 368, 412

Dubois, Cardinal, Prime Minister of
France. An able statesman and a no-
torious debauchee (1656–1723), 41,
Duke of Lancaster, Henry IV., the deposer
and successor of Richard II., 142

Dumont, Pierre, a French writer who
settled in England and became the trans-
lator and exponent of Bentham's works
to Europe (1759-1829), 338

Dundee, the persecutor of the Scottish
Covenanters under Charles II., 198
Dyer, John, author of some descriptive
poems, e.g. Grongar Hill (1700-58), 337

ELDON, John Scott, Earl of, was in turn
Solicitor-General, Attorney-General,
Lord Chief Justice of Common Pleas
and Lord Chancellor, and throughout a
staunch Tory (1751-1838), 417

Empson and Dudley, ministers and tax-
raisers under Henry VII., executed by
Henry VIII., 346

Ensign Northerton (see Fielding's Tom
Jones, VII. xii.-xv.), 345

Escobar, a Spanish Jesuit preacher and
writer (1589-1669), 188

Escurial, the palace and monastery built by
Philip II., 214

Essex, one of the Rye House Conspirators;
he was found in the Tower with his throat
cut, whether as the result of suicide or
murder is not known, 261

Euston, a late Jacobean house (and park)
10 miles from Bury St. Edmunds, 471

Faithful Shepherdess, a pastoral by
Fletcher, which may have suggested the
general plan and some of the details of
Comus, 161

Farinata (see Dante's Inferno, canto 10),
167
Farmer-general,

the tax-gatherers of
France, prior to the Revolution: they
contracted with the Government for the
right to collect or "farm" the taxes, 537
Ferdinand the Catholic, King of Aragon,
who, by marrying Isabella of Castile and
taking Granada from the Moors, united
Spain under one crown, 479

Filicaja, a Florentine poet (1642-1707);
according to Macaulay ("Essay on
Addison") "the greatest lyric poet of
modern times," 170

Filmer, Sir Robert, advocated the doctrine
of absolute regal power in hisPatriarcha,
1680, 417

A

Foigard, Father, a French refugee priest in
Farquhar's Beaux Stratagem, 96
Fouché, Joseph, duke of Otranto.
member of the National Convention,
who voted for the death of Louis XVI.,
and afterwards served under Napoleon
(as Minister of Police) and Louis
XVIII., 56

Fox, Henry F., father of Charles James
Fox, and later Lord Holland, 361, 373,

386

Franche-Comté, that part of France which
lies south of Lorraine and west of
Switzerland, 209

French Memoirs, those of Margaret of
Valois, daughter of Henry II. of France

and wife of Henry (IV.) of Navarre, 210
Friar Dominic, a character in Dryden's