some measure for the trials it has undergone; but by imagining the effect which would be produced if all the young ladies in London declined to dance during the season until Mr. Ayrton evacuated the Office of Works or Mr. Bruce cleared out of the Home Office, we can form some idea of the darkness which has of late overshadowed the Pondicherry salons owing to the sentimental patriotism of its Governor.Pall Mall Gazette.

ORIENTAL PRINTING IN VIENNA.-It is a pleasing duty to direct the attention of our readers in the East to the Printing Establishment of Mr. Adolf Holzhausen at Vienna. After years of study and labour, Mr. Holzhausen has succeeded in overcoming the great difficulties which present themselves to Europeans composing books in the Chinese and Japanese languages. He has not alone made himself perfect master, but has also trained a staff of composers competent to do any work in these languages. The great difficulty in collecting the vast number of characters required for printing Chinese and Japanese books may be imagined when we state that Mr. Holzhausen's founts consist now of about 8000 signs, whilst only about 7200 are required for printing the Bible. We have before us specimens of the work done in his office, which are considered quite satisfactory by competent Chinese scholars. Nor has he confined his spirited enterprise to Chinese and Japanese alone, but he excels equally in Arabic, Persian, Hebrew, Pehlewi, etc., and it is probably not saying too much that, leaving out of account Government Printing Offices such as those of Paris, Vienna, St. Petersburg, etc., Mr. Holzhausen's office is now the leading one on the Continent of Europe. Should any further information be required of him and his successful labours in the Department of Oriental Typography, Messrs. Trübner and Co. will be happy to give it.

IRANIAN STUDIES.-The Ardů Virâf nâmak, or book of visions of an ancient Magian priest on his imaginary journey though heaven and hell, has just been published in the original Pahlavi text, with an English translation, by Professor Haug of Munich. The principal contents of this interesting book, which has come down to us from Sasanian times, had been already made known by G. A. Pope's English translation in 1816; but as it was not made upon the original Pahlavi text, but only on imperfect and incomplete Persian and Gujarati translations, Pope's work cannot be regarded as a fair account of the original, as any reader may easily convince himself by comparing it with the present work. Both the introduction and the conclusion of the work are quite different in the original and in Pope's translation; in the narrative there is also considerable difference, the original containing more matter than Pope's account of it. To facilitate the reading of the complicated Pahlavi character, a continuous transliteration of the original is added, which is based on a regular system, as may be learnt from the second of the introductory essays. The English translation is as literal as possible; a good many explanatory notes are added. The original manuscript had been prepared by Destur Hoshangji Jamaspji Asa; but as the two most important copies of the work are in Europe, the one being deposited in the University Library of Copenhagen, the other being in the possession of Professor Haug, it was incumbent upon the editor to compare them; which collation and comparison resulted in a good many changes upon the text as prepared by the Destur, who had, however, taken

1 The Book of Arda Viraf. The Pahlavi text prepared by Destur Hoshangji Jamaspji Asa; revised and collated with further MSS., with an English translation and introduction, and an appendix containing the texts and translations of the Gosht-i Fryâno and Hadokht Nask, by Martin Haug, Ph.D., Professor of Sanskrit and Comparative Philology at the University of Munich; assisted by E. W. West, Ph.D. Published by order of the Government of Bombay. 1872. Bombay: Government Central Book Depôt. London: Trübner & Co.

great pains to construct as good a text as his materials permitted. Professor Haug, who had been charged by the Director of Public Instruction of the Bombay Presidency with the revision and publication of the Destur's work at the expense of Government, was greatly assisted in the preparation of the present work by Dr. E. W. West, who has already given sufficient proofs of accurate and sound Pahlavi scholarship. The transliteration into Roman character had been first prepared by Destur Hoshangji, which was also changed in many cases, in order to bring it into a regular system, in which undertaking, however, the editor derived great advantage from the Destur's attempt. The translation is by Professor Haug, as the Destur had prepared none. To make the volume as useful as possible, several appendices have been added, containing the texts, transliterations, and translations of the Gosht-i Fryâno and the Hadokht Nask respectively. The Gosht-i Fryano, which is generally joined to the Ardâ Vîrâf in the MSS., contains a tale of a Magian priest and a sorcerer; the latter put various enigmatical questions to the former, who solved them all; whereas the sorcerer could not answer the priest's questions, and was consequently slain by the latter. The tale is mentioned in the Aban Yasht of the Avesta, and must, therefore, be old. The edition of the text, as well as the translation of it, are by Dr. E. W. West. The Zand text of the Hadokht Nask, of which passages are mentioned in the Ardâ Vîrâf, had been already published by N. L. Westergaard in his edition of the Zend-avesta (pp. 294299, Yasht fragment xxi. and xxii.); but as there is also a Pahlavi translation of these pieces extant, Professor Haug published it here for the first time, adding also the Zand original, under collation of the Copenhagen and his own MSS. An English translation is also added, with many notes. A glossary to all the texts contained in the volume together with a short Pahlavi grammar will be published next year. On the 7th of December, Professor Haug laid two essays, entitled "Avestastudien," by Dr. H. Hübschmann, before the Royal Bavarian Academy of Sciences. The first treats of the value of the Pahlavi translation of the Avesta, which is illustrated by an analysis of the Servsh Yasht (Yas. 57), and of a chapter of the Gâthas (Yas. 47). It contains the complete Pahlavi text of both pieces in transliteration, with a German translation, and metrical translations of the respective Zand originals, with notes, showing the difference from the Pahlavi. The second essay is a contribution towards Zand lexicography, in which an attempt is made at explaining words the meaning of which has hitherto been doubtful. Both essays will be printed in the SitzungsS. berichte of the Royal Bavarian Academy.

AN ARABIAN SEAL FROM ANTE-CHRISTIAN TIME.-Mr. E. Thomas, the well-known Oriental palæographer and numismatist, has published in his " Early Sassanian Inscriptions, Seals, and Coins" (p. 8), impressions of seven seals from the Record Chamber of Sanherib, the Assyrian king. Six of them bear evidently characters which resemble very much the Himyaritic and Ethiopian writing, which similarity has been already observed by Mr. Thomas himself, who calls them Ethiopian seals. At the last meeting of the Royal Bavarian Academy of Sciences, Professor Haug made these seals the subject of a paper, in which he showed that Nos. 2, 3, and 4 contain the same name, which can only be read (from left to right) Shamsit. This name he then identified with S'ams'ii, who is several times mentioned in the Assyrian inscriptions (in those of Tiglathpileser IV. and of Sargon), and expressly called sarrat mat Aribi, i.e. Queen of the Arabs. The characters on the seal are evidently those which were current in ante-Christian times all over Arabia, since inscriptions in them have recently been found in the ancient Moabite country, and some time ago at Warka in South Chaldæa. The paper will shortly appear.

S.

Bombay High Court Reports.-Reports of Cases decided in the High Court of Bombay. Edited by Charles F. Farran, B.A. (of the Middle Temple), Barrister-at-Law. Vols. V., VI., VII., and VIII. Parts 1 and 2. 8vo. Bombay, 1871, 1872. £6 16s. 6d.

Broadley.-Ruins of the Nálanda Monasteries at Burgaon, Sub-division Bihar, Zillah Patna. By A. M. Broadley, Esq. With 4 Plates. 8vo. pp. 24. Calcutta, 1872. 5s.

Criticisms of the Indian Journals on a Review of Baroda Affairs, by Dinshah Ardeshir Tale-Yarkhan; and introduction, notes, correspondence, etc., thereon by the Author. 8vo. pp. xii. and 52. Bombay, 1872. 4s.

Cunningham. Archæological Survey of India. Reports for the years 1862, 1863, 1864, 1865, by Alexander Cunningham, C.S.I., etc., etc. With Plates and Maps. 2 vols. 8vo. pp. xliii., 359, xlix., 459, and liii. Simla, 1871. £2 8s.

Elberling.-A Treatise on Inheritance, Gift, Will, Sale, and Mortgage; with an Introduction on the Laws of the Bengal Presidency. By F. E. Elberling, Esq., of the Danish Civil Service. 8vo. pp. xii. and 269. Madras, 1865. 15s.

Gulistan of Shaik Saday; a complete Analysis of the entire Persian Text. By Major R. P. Anderson. Prepared by the Author purely to facilitate the study of the Persian Language. 8vo. half-calf, pp. x. and 592. Calcutta, 1861. £2 2s.

Indian Domestic Economy and Receipt Book; comprising numerous Directions for plain wholesome Cookery; both Oriental and English; with much miscellaneous matter connected with Household Affairs. 8vo. pp. xxiv. and 506. Bombay, 1849. 15s.

Land Revenue in the Punjab.-Observations on the settlements now in progress, and on the present system of Assessment. 8vo. pp. 24. Lahore, 1871. 4s. Loureiro. The 100 Years Anglo-Chinese Calendar, 1st January, 1776, to 25th January, 1876, corresponding with the 11th day of the 11th moon of the 40th year of the Reign Kien-Lung, to the end of the 14th year of the Reign Tung-Chi; together with an Appendix, containing several interesting tables and extracts. By P. Loureiro. Roy. 8vo. red morocco, pp. 260, 2, and 17. Shanghai, 1872. ₤1 15s. Macpherson. The Law of Mortgage in Bengal and the North-West Provinces. By Arthur George Macpherson, Esq. Fifth edition. By Ninian Hill Thomson, Esq., M.A. 8vo. pp. 258. Calcutta, 1868. 30s. Mayo.-In Memoriam: A complete Record in a permanent form of all the mournful circumstances, public ceremonies, and general expression of sorrow and sympathy, in connection with the assassination of the late Earl of Mayo, K.P., G.M.S.I., Viceroy and Governor-General of India: to which is prefixed a biographical sketch of His Excellency, expressly written for this work. Compiled by N. A. Chick. With the portrait of the Earl of Mayo and two plates. 8vo. cl., pp. xx. and 135. Calcutta, 1872. 10s. 6d.

Notes on Jerdon's Mammals of India, by an Indian Sportsman and Lover of Natural History. 8vo. pp. 266, Madras, 1870. 18s.

Ontology; being a translation of "Tatwa-Vidya," a Bengali work. By Babu Dwijendra Nath Tagore. With subsequent additions and alterations made by him in the original text. 8vo. cl., pp. iv. and 70. Calcutta, 1871. 7s. 6d.

Seymour.-Improved Tables of Income, Wages, or Rent for broken periods of months of 28, 29, 30, and 31 days, at monthly rates, from 1 Pie to 10,000 Rupees. By Charles Crossley Seymour. 8vo. pp. 64. Lodiana, 1871. 43. Sircar. The projected Science Association for the Natives of India. By Mahendra Lál Sircár, M.D. 8vo. pp. xxi. and 40. Calcutta, 1872. 2s. Stülpnagel. The Sikhs: an historical sketch. By C. Rebsch Stülpnagel. 8vo. pp. 53. Lahore, 1870. 5s. Thomson. - Act XIV. of 1859 regulating the

Limitation of Civil Suits in British India: with a Commentary by Ninian Hill Thomson, M.A. Second edition, with a supplement containing Act IX. of 1871. 8vo. pp. XXX., 427, and lxxxviii. Calcutta, 1871. £2 2s. The Trinidad Monthly Magazine, Vol. 1, No. 1. November, 1871. 8vo. pp. 47. Port of Spain, 1871. 2s. 6d.

Uttara Rama Charita.-A literal Translation of Uttara Rama Charita. A Sanskrit Drama. By Bhavabhuti. Translated from the original Sanskrit by Hiranmaya Mukhopadhyaya. 8vo. pp. 82. Calcutta, 1871. 3s. Vyavastha-Darpana, a Digest of the Hindu Law as current in Bengal. With authorities, explanatory notes, etc. Also admitted legal opinions, and decided causes bearing upon the Vyavasthas or principles. By Shamachurn Sircar. Second edition. 8vo. pp. xlviii., 1068, and Ixvii. Calcutta, 1857. £2 2s.

Wight. Contributions to the Botany of India. By Rob. Wight. 8vo. pp. 136. London, 1834. 3s. 6d. Wight.-Prodromus Flora Peninsula India Orientalis: containing abridged descriptions of the Plants found in the Peninsula of British India, arranged according to the Natural System. By Rob. Wight and G. A. Walker Arnott. Vol. I. 8vo. pp. xxxvii. and 480. London, 1834. 10s. 6d.

CONCANI

Riedel.—Ijai jah nunuwuhun totor maendoh paturuhan ne kokih, seij si pahar mangilek un tuturuh, nirewok wija si J. G. F. Riedel. 8vo. pp. 22. Nitara witi wanua an Batawih, 1869. 2s.

Riedel.-Ijai jah wohoh pirah un aasaren woh raranihan ne touw un buluh nirewok wija si J. G. F. Riedel. 8vo. pp. 43. Nitara witi wanua an Batawih witun Taung, 1870. 2s. 6d.

BOOKS.

Diccionario Portuguez-Concani, composto por um Missionario Italiano. (Edited by Joaquim Heliodoro da Cunha Rivara). Royal 8vo. pp. 280. Nova-Goa, 1868. 15s.

Estevão. Grammatico da Lingua Concani, composta pelo Padre Thomaz Estevão, e accrescentada por outros Padres da Companhia de Jesus. Segunda Impressão, correcta e annotada; a que precede como introducção, a Memoria sobre a distribuição geographica das principaes Linguas da India por Sir Erskine Perry, e o ensaio historico da Lingua Concani, pelo Editor (Joaquim Heliodoro da Cunha Rivara). 4to. pp. ccxxxvi. and 251. Nova-Goa, 1857.

Grammatica da Lingua Concani, escripta em Portuguez por um Missionario Italiano. (Padre Fr. Francisco Xavier, Vigario Apostolico em Verapoly. Edited by Joaquim Heliodoro da Cunha Rivara.) 4to. pp. 4, 145, and 4. Nova-Goa, 1859. 7s. 6d.

Grammatica da Lingua Concani no dialecto do Norte, composta no seculo XVII, por hum Missionario Portuguez: e agora pela primeira vez dada á estampa. (Edited by Joaquim Heliodoro da Cunha Rivara.) 4to. pp. iv, and 181. Nova-Goa, 1858. 7s.

Rivara.-Ensaio historico da Lingua Concani, por Joaquim Heliodoro da Cunha Rivara. 4to. pp. xliii. and

MARATHI

A Dictionary of the Maratha Language, compiled by Jugunnauth Shastree Kramuvunt, Bal Shastree Ghugwe, Gungadhur Shastree Phurke, Ramchundra Shastree Janvakur, Sukha Ram Joshee, Dajee hastree Sheokl and Pursheo Ram Punt Gorbole, Pundits. 2 vols. in 1. 4to. half-calf, litho. Bombay, 1829. £3 3s. Godbole. A new Dictionary of the Maráthi Language. Compiled by Raghunáth Bháskar Godbole. 16mo. pp. v. and 632. Bombay, 1870. 12s. 6d. Green. A Collection of English Phrases by H. Green, with their idiomatic Marathi Equivalents by Sadashiva Vishwanáth Háté. Revised by Mahádeo Govind Ranade, Esq. 8vo. cl., pp. 259. Bombay, 1868. 5s. Kennedy.-A Dictionary of the Maratha Language, in two parts. Part I. Containing Maratha and English. Part II. Containing English and Maratha. By Lieut.Colonel Vans Kennedy. Folio, pp. viii., 128, ii. and 97. Bombay, 1824. 21s.

Maráthi First Book for the use of Government Schools. By Ráo Sháheb Bháshar Damodar. Recast and revised by the Maráthi Translator. Second edition. 12mo. pp. 48. Bombay, 1870. 1s.

Marathi Second Book for the use of Government Schools. By the Maráthi Translator and his Assistants. Recast and revised by the Maráthi Translator, Second edition. 12mo. pp. 76. Bombay, 1871. 1s. 6d.

SINGHALESE In Singhalese.

Baddegama Controversy (The).

3 Parts. 12mo. pp. 70. Galle, 1865. 58. Buddhagaddyaya. In Singhalese. 16mo. pp. 14. Colombo, 1869. 1s.

Gampola Vadaya. In Singhalese. 16mo. pp. 66. Colombo, 1871. 4s. 6d.

Kavyasekhara; or, the Celebrated Poem on the Life of Senaka. By Vachissara Rahula Sami, of Totagamuva. The Sangharaja of Lanka, with a Paraphrase by H. Sumangala, edited by M. Gunananda in Singhalese. 8vo. pp. x., 188, and 6. Colombo, 1872. 148.

EUROPEAN

BOOKS.

Marathi Third Book for the use of Government Schools. By the Maráthi Translator and his Assistants. Recast and revised by the Maráthi Translator. Second edition. 12mo. cl., pp. 135. Bombay, 1870. 2s. 6d. Maráthi Fourth Book for the use of Government Schools. By the Marathi Translator and his Assistants. Recast and revised by the Maráthi Translator. Second edition. 12mo. cl., pp. 324. Bombay, 1870. 3s. 6d. Marathi Fifth Book for the use of Government Schools. By the Maráthi Translator and his Assistants. Recast and revised by the Maráthi Translator. 12mo. cl.. pp. 348. Bombay, 1870. 5s. 6d.

Marathi Sixth Book for the use of Government Schools in the Bombay Presidency. By the Marathi Translator and his Assistants. Fourth edition. 12mo. cl., pp. 371. Bombay, 1869. 5s.

Padmanji. A Comprehensive Dictionary, English and Maráthi. By Baba Padmanji. New edition, improved and enlarged. Royal 8vo. cl., pp. xii. and 680. Bombay, 1870. £1 11s. 6d.

Sakhárám Arjuna.-The Principles and Practice of Medicine, designed chiefly for the students of the Venacular Class, Grant Medical College. By Sakhárám Arjuna, L.M., Teacher of Medicine. 8vo. pp. 713 and 53. Bombay, 1869. £1 103

Etude de

Burnouf.-La Légende Athénienne. Mythologie comparée, par Emile Burnouf. 8vo. with a map, pp. 215. Paris, 1872. 6s.

Chabas.-Etudes sur l'Antiquité historique d'après les sources Egyptiennes et les Monuments réputés préhistoriques. Par F. Chabas. 8vo. pp. 559. Paris, 1872. £1 6s.

Cherbonneau.-Dictionnaire Français-Arabe pour la conversation en Algérie. Par Aug. Cherbonneau. 12mo. pp. xxiii. and 629. Paris, 1872. 9s.

Férazdak.-Divan de Férazdak. Récits de Mohammed-ben-Habib d'après Ibn-el-Arabi. Publié sur le manuscript de Sainte-Sophie de Constantinople. Avec une traduction française par R. Boucher. 2me Livraison. 4to. Paris, 1872. 15s.

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The Kamil of El-Mubarrad, edited for the German Oriental Society from the manuscripts of Leyden, St. Petersburg, Cambridge, and Berlin. By W. Wright. 9th Part. 4to. Leipzig, 1872. 6s.

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Laager.-Ueber Arthur's, des ersten Herzogs von Wellington Thätigkeit in Indien. Inaugural-Dissertation vorgelegt der hohen philosophischen Fakultät der Universität Zürich von Fridolin Laager. 8vo. pp. 52. Zürich, 1872. 2s. 6d.

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Eine sprachwissenschaftliche Streitfrage von Alfred Ludwig. Mit Nachträgen zu des Verfassers "Infinitiv im Veda." 12mo. pp. 133. Prag, 1873. 3s. 6d. Mariette-Bey. Monuments divers recueillis en Egypte et en Nubie par Auguste Mariette-Bey. Ouvrage publié sous les auspices de S. A. Ismail Pacha, Khedive d'Egypte. 1st and 2nd parts. 10 lithogr. plates. Folio. Paris. 12s.

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Salzer. The Rational Practice of Medicine: A Lecture delivered at the School of Arts, Jeypore. By L. Salzer, M.D. 8vo. pp. ii. and 40. Calcutta, 1871. 5s.

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Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., 5 Raekke, naturvidenskabelig og mathematisk Afd., IX., Bd. 7. Laeren om homogene tunge Vaedskers Tryk paa plane Arealer. Med en Tavle. Af Adolph Steen. Avec un Résumé français. With 1 plate. 4to. pp. 23. Kjöbenhavn, 1872. 3s. 6d. Ville-Hardouin.-La Conquête de Constantinople par Geoffroi de Ville-Hardouin, avec la continuation de Henri de Valenciennes. Texte original, accompagné d'une traduction par M. Natalis de Wailly. With a Map. Roy. 8vo. pp. xxvi. and 511. Paris, 1872. 15s.

Wuttke. Die Entstehung der Schrift, die verschiedenen Schriftsysteme und das Schrifttum der nicht alfabetarisch schreibenden Völker. Von Heinrich Wuttke. 8vo. pp. xxiii. and 782. Leipzig, 1872. 17s. 6d.

Price £1.