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after what manner they will have the body prepared; wier they have agreed upon the manner, they deliver the body t such as are usually appointed for this office. First, he who ha the name of scribe, laying it upon the ground, marks about the flank on the left side, how much is to be cut away; then he whe is called paraschistes, the cutter or dissector, with an Ethiopi stone, cuts away as much of the flesh as the law commands, and presently runs away as fast as he can; those who are presen pursuing him, cast stones at him, and curse him, hereby turning all the execrations, which they imagine due to his office, upon him. For whosoever offers violence, wounds, or does any kind of injury to a body of the same nature with himself, they think him worthy of hatred: but those who are called taricheute, the embalmers, they esteem worthy of honour and respect; for they are familiar with their priests, and go into the temples as holy men, without any prohibition. As soon as they come to embalm the dissected body, one of them thrusts his hands through the wound into the abdomen, and draws forth all the bowels but the heart and kidnies, which another washes and cleanses with wine, made of palms and aromatic odours. Lastly, having washed the body, they anoint it with oil of cedar and other things for about thirty days, and afterwards with myrrh, cinnamon, and other such like matters; which have not only a power to preserve it a long time, but also give it a sweet smell, after which they deliver it to the kindred in such manner, that every member remains whole and entire, and no part of it changed, but the beauty and shape of the face, seem just as they were before; and the person may be known, even the eyebrows and eyelids remaining as they were at first. By this means many of the Egyptians, keeping the dead bodies of their ancestors in magnificent houses, so perfectly see the true visage and countenance, of those that died many ages before they themselves were born, that in viewing the proportions of every one of them, and the lineaments of their faces, they take as much delight as if they were still living among them. Moreover the friends and nearest relations of the deceased, for the greater pomp of the solemnity, acquaint the judges and the rest of their d friends with the time prefixed for the funeral or day of sepulture, declaring that such a one (calling the dead by his name) is such a day to pass the lake, at which time above forty judges appear, and sit together in a semicircle, in a place prepared on the hither side of the lake, where a ship, provided before hand by such as have the care of the business, is haled up to the shore, and steered by a pilot whom the Egyptians in their language called Charon. Hence they say, Orpheus upon seeing this ceremony, while he was in Egypt, invented the fable of hell.

seventy days; for longer they may not salt it. After this num→ ber of days are over, they wash the corpse again, and then roll it up with fine linen, all besmeared with a sort of gum, commonly used by the Egyptians instead of glue.

Then is the body restored to its relations, who prepare a lations, wooden coffin for it in the shape and likeness of a man, and then put the embalmed body into it, and thus inclosed, place it in a repository in the house, setting it upright against the wall. After this manner, they, with great expense, preserve their dead; whereas those, who to avoid too great a charge, desire a mediocrity, thus embalm them: they neither cut the belly nor pluck out the entrails, but fill it with clysters of oil of cedar injected up the anus, and then salt it the aforesaid number of days. On the last of these they press out the cedar clyster, by the same way they had injected it, which has such virtue and efficacy that it brings out along with it the bowels wasted, and the nitre consumes the flesh, leaving only the skin and bones: having thus done, they restore the dead body to the relations, doing nothing more. The third way of embalming is for those of yet meaner circumstances; they with lotions wash the belly, then dry it up with salt for seventy days, and afterwards deliver it to be carried away. Nevertheless, beautiful women and ladies of quality were not delivered to be embalmed till three or four days after they had been dead;" for which Herodotus assigns a sufficient reason, however degrading to human nature." But if any stranger or Egyptian was either killed by a crocodile, or drowned in the river, the city where he was cast up was to embalm and bury him honourably in the sacred monuments, whom no one, no, not a relation or friend, but the priests of the Nile only might touch; because they buried one who was something more than a dead man." Herod. Euterpe, p. 120. edit. Gale. my ey

Diodorus Siculus relates the funeral ceremonies of the Egyptians more distinctly and clearly, and with some very remarka ble additional circumstances. "When any one among the Egyptians die," says he, "all his relations and freinds, putting dirt upon their heads, go lamenting about the city, till such time as the body shall be buried: in the mean time, they abstain from baths and wine, and all kinds of delicate meats, neither do they, during that time, wear any costly apparel. The manner of their burials is threefold; one very costly, a second sort less chargeable, and a third very nean. In the first, they say, there is spent a talent of silver; in the second, twenty mine; but in the last, there is very little expense. Those who have the care of ordering the body, are such as have been taught that art by their ancestors. These shewing each kind of burial, ask them

after what manner they will have the body prepared ; when they have agreed upon the manner, they deliver the body to such as are usually appointed for this office. First, he who has the name of scribe, laying it upon the ground, marks about the flank on the left side, how much is to be cut away; then he who is called paraschistes, the cutter or dissector, with an Ethiopic stone, cuts away as much of the flesh as the law commands, and presently runs away as fast as he can; those who are present pursning him, cast stones at him, and curse him, hereby turning all the execrations, which they imagine due to his office, upon him. For whosoever offers violence, wounds, or does any kind of injury to a body of the same nature with himself, they think him worthy of hatred: but those who are called taricheute, the embalmers, they esteem worthy of honour and respect; for they are familiar with their priests, and go into the temples as holy men, without any prohibition. As soon as they come to embalm the dissected body, one of them thrusts his hands through the wound into the abdomen, and draws forth all the bowels but the heart and kidnies, which another washes and cleanses with wine, made of palms and aromatic odours. Lastly, having washed the body, they anoint it with oil of cedar and other things for about thirty days, and afterwards with myrrh, cinnamon, and other such like matters; which have not only a power to preserve it a long time, but also give it a sweet smell, after which they deliver it to the kindred in such manner, that every member remains whole and entire, and no part of it changed, but the beauty and shape of the face, seem just as they were before; and the person may be known, even the eyebrows and eyelids remaining as they were at first. By this means many of the Egyptians, keeping the dead bodies of their ancestors in magnificent houses, so perfectly see the true visage and countenance, of those that died many ages before they themselves were born, that in viewing the proportions of every one of them, and the lineaments of their faces, they take as much delight as if they were still living among them. Moreover the friends and nearest relations of the deceased, for the greater pomp of the solemnity, acquaint the judges and the rest of their friends with the time prefixed for the funeral or day of sepulture, declaring that such a one (calling the dead by his name) is such a day to pass the lake, at which time above forty judges appear, and sit together in a semicircle, in a place prepared on the hither side of the lake, where a ship, provided before hand by such as have the care of the business, is haled up to the shore, and steered by a pilot whom the Egyptians in their language called Charon. Hence they say, Orpheus upon seeing this ceremony, while he was in Egypt, invented the fable of hell.

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partly imitating therein the people of Egypt, and partly adding somewhat of his own. The ship being thus brought to the lake side, before the coffin is put on board, every one is at liberty by the law to accuse the dead of what he thinks him guilty. If any one proves he was a bad man, the judges give sentence, that the body shall be deprived of sepulture; but in case the inform er be convicted of false accusation, then he is severely punished. If no accuser appear, or the information prove false, then all the kindred of the deceased leave off mourning, and begin to set forth his praises, yet say nothing of his birth, (as the custom is among the Greeks) because the Egyptians all think themselves equally noble; but they recount how the deceased was educated from his yonth, and brought up to man's estate, exalting his piety towards the gods, and justice towards men, his chastity and other virtues wherein he excelled; and lastly pray and call. upon the infernal deities (the gods below) to receive him into the societies of the just. The common people take this from the others, and consequently all is said in his praise by a loud shout, setting likewise forth his virtues in the highest strains of commendation, as one that is to live for ever with the infernal gods. Then those that have tombs of their own, inter the corpse in places appointed for that purpose, and they that have none,. rear up the body in its coffin against some strong wall of their house. But such as are denied sepulture on account of some crime or debt, are laid up at home without coffins ; yet when it shall afterwards happen, that any of their posterity grows rich, he commonly pays off the deceased person's debts, and gets his crimes absolved, and so buries him honourably; for the Egyp tians are wont to boast of their parents and their ancestors that were honourably buried. It is a custom likewise among them to pawn the dead bodies of their parents to their creditors, but then those that do not redeem them fall under the greatest disgrace imaginable, and are denied burial themselves at their deaths. See the Necrokedia, or art of embalming by Greenhill, 4to. pl. 421, who endeavoured in vain to recommend and restore the art. But he could not give his countrymen Egyptian manners; for a dead carcase is to the British, an object of horror; and scarcely any except a surgeon or an undertaker, cares to touch it, ga udang T

An account of the Asiatic Locust, and of its terrible voraciousness. By ADAM CLARKE, LL. D.

To-morrow will I bring the locusts. The word arbehs a to

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