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inward, taking advantage of every shelter offered by the rolling ground, and keeping up a fire from every available position reached. The Spaniards, however, held their post persistently, and in the end a charge was ordered, before which the defenders abandoned the fort and covered way. But they held on tenaciously to the town and it was nightfall before it was taken. The whole day had been occupied in this work, and during the night Lawton made a movement to the aid of Wheeler, who was threatened with an attack in force next day. The attack came, but the Americans firmly retained every position they had captured, and with this the fighting part of the campaign against Santiago was virtually at an end.

On the 8th of July Lawton was promoted majorgeneral, and after the surrender was put in charge of the department of Santiago, as commander of the fourth army corps. He returned home in time to accompany the President in his tour of the States after the treaty of peace, and on January 19, 1899, sailed from San Francisco for the Philippine Islands, to aid in suppressing the insurrection which had broken out there.

Reaching Manila on March 10, he had his first active service in April, when he set out on an expedition to Laguna de Bay, the large lake back of Manila, and on the 10th captured the town of Santa Cruz. He continued along the lake, capturing various places, which were afterwards abandoned. A general advance was begun on April 24, Lawton's "flying column," as his command was called, following the very difficult country along the foothills to drive out the lurking bodies of Filipino bushwhackers, against whom he pursued successfully his old Indian tactics. This was

especially the case at San Rafael, where he met with a heavy fire from insurgents concealed in jungles, and fought against them on the frontier principle of every man for himself. On May 17 he captured San Isidro, the second capital of the Filipino government.

His expedition had been a bold and successful one, he having marched one hundred and twenty miles in twenty days, over very difficult roads, captured twentyeight towns, and destroyed three hundred thousand bushels of rice, his whole loss being six men killed and thirty-one wounded, while the Filipinos had lost far more heavily. With the coming on of the rainy season he withdrew his forces, as it would be impossible to send them supplies over the muddy cartways away from the railway line.

In June he advanced again, and this time captured the town of Morong, a strong point on the Laguna de Bay. In July he marched south, and here had a sharp fight with the insurgents on Zapote River. He made another expedition to the north in November, and after his return to Manila set out on the final march of his long career. With him were the Eleventh Cavalry and two infantry battalions, their goal being San Mateo, a place which had been several times taken and deserted and was now reported to be occupied by a force of Filipinos.

The distance from Manila was about fifteen miles, the country rough, and a severe tropical storm of rain descended upon them, adding greatly to the annoyances of the night march. Yet the troops toiled resolutely onward, now over rocks, now through mud, and at daybreak found themselves in front of a line of intrenchments occupied by about five hundred of the enemy. The troops advanced until they were about

three hundred yards distant. Here Lawton put his nen fairly under cover, but with his customary disregard of danger he stood boldly out in their front, reconnoitring the enemy. His tall form and lightcolored coat made him a conspicuous mark for sharpshooters, and his officers begged him to be more careful.

"I must see what is going on at the firing line," he said, and walked towards it, meeting two of his aides returning. As they were about to report they saw him clench his hands and turn pale.

"What's the matter, General?" was asked.

"I am shot through the lungs," he replied.

Without another word he fell upon his face, blood pouring from his mouth, and in a few minutes the brave soldier was dead.

This death of one of their heroes was a severe shock to the American people, by whom Lawton was highly admired. He died poor, leaving his wife and children almost destitute. This was overcome by a popular subscription, which netted ninety thousand dollarsenough to free his homestead from debt and leave a considerable sum for his family's support. No one concerned in military affairs stood higher than he at that time in public esteem, and he will long be looked on as one of our country's most gallant soldiers.

NELSON A. MILES, THE SIOUX AND

APACHE INDIAN FIGHTER

NELSON APPLETON MILES, a soldier of the United States, of forty years of active service, from the beginning of the Civil War to the end of that with Spain, and a veteran of the Indian wars, was born in Westminster, Massachusetts, August 8, 1839. Raised on a farm, and afterwards spending some years in a Boston store, he was in his twenty-first year when President Lincoln's demand for troops called the North to war to avenge the insult to the flag on Fort Sumter.

Young Miles was among those quick to respond. He raised a company of volunteers, which became a part of the Twenty-second Massachusetts regiment, and in September, 1861, went with it to the front as its captain. Young in looks and without military experience, the boyish captain was deemed by the colonel unfit for so responsible a position, and was obliged to resign and accept the rank of lieutenant. But there were others who thought differently. On pay day, when the young officer appeared before the United States paymaster to draw his salary, the latter said: "You are a captain: get your pay and take command of your company."

This put Colonel Wilson in something of a quandary. He feared a conflict of authority between himself and the Government army officials, and to escape it he advised the youthful officer to take a position on General Casey's staff. This he did, and afterwards entered the Peninsular campaign as an aide on the staff of General

Howard. As such he continued to progress in rank, being commissioned on May 21, 1862, lieutenantcolonel, and on September 30 colonel, of the Sixty-first New York regiment, a rapid promotion for one so young.

Bravery in battle had much to do with this progress in rank. At the battle of Fair Oaks he led a detachment under heavy fire to the support of Colonel Barlow, then hard pressed by the enemy. This brought him his first promotion, and also a severe wound, but he was able to fight in the battle of Antietam, taking command of the regiment when Colonel Barlow fell wounded, and winning the rank of colonel by his skill and courage as a regimental leader.

Miles led the regiment on the death-dealing field of Fredericksburg, and at Chancellorsville displayed conspicuous gallantry, holding a line of abatis and riflepits against charges by a strong force of the enemy, until he fell from his horse with a bullet in his body. The wound was so severe that it was thought to be fatal, but the ball was extracted, and as soon as he was fairly able to move he returned to the army on crutches. His soldierly service on this occasion was rewarded with a medal of honor. He was further rewarded for his gallantry here, in August, 1864, by the brevet rank of brigadier-general, and for his services throughout the war by that of major-general.

Similar recognition of his services was made in March, 1867, the brevet grades of brigadier-general and major-general in the regular army being awarded him as a reward for his gallantry in the battle of Spottsylvania. He had thrown aside his crutches before this battle was fought, and took an active part in the engagements of Grant's overland march upon

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