ANALYTICAL INDEX OF SUBJECTS. PART I. (pp. 1-171.) CHAPTER I.: Sounds (pp. 1-47). § 1. ASCOLI and the Corsi di glottologia: general remarks on § 2. Exposition and criticism of Fick's theory on the same subject § 4. Proto-Aryan claims of l affirmed by Heymann: exposition PAGES 1-10 10-16 17-22 22-5 § 5. J. Schmidt and his work Zur geschichte des indogermanischen 25-9 § 6. Vowel-intensification: theories of F. Müller; reflections of 29-33 33-9 § 7. Accent: remarks on the investigations of Benfey, of Benloew § 9. The Aryan sounds and the Hamito-Semitic sounds; notice of CHAPTER II.: Roots (pp. 48-73). § 10. Fick and the Vergleichendes wörterbuch der indogermanischen § 11. The Aryan and the Semitic roots: divergence remarked by 39-44 44-7 48-62 ...... ........... by F. Delitzsch, with critical remarks on the importance § 13. The Aryan and the Chinese roots: comparisons of Chalmers, ............... CHAPTER III.: Stems and Words (pp. 74-171). ......... § 15. Westphal and his writings on the morphology of the Indo- § 16. A. Ludwig and his monographs on the origin and develop- § 17. G. Curtius and chronology of the formation of Proto-Aryan : § 18. Weihrich and his studies on the degrees of comparison...... PAGES 62-70 70 70-73 74-82 82-97 98.114 114-30 132-3 § 20. F. Müller and the personal endings: critical exposition of 134-8 § 21. Chaignet, Bergaigne, G. Meyer and their doctrines on 138-42 § 22. Benfey and his investigations with reference to the vocative 143-4 § 23. Ludwig, Wilhelm, Jolly and the doctrine of the infinitive: 144-7 § 24. Composition; notice of Justi's monograph; compendious 151-3 PAGES ...... 153-64 § 26. Studies of comparative syntax of the Aryan languages: in- PART II. (pp. 172-97). 164-71 CHAPTER I.: The Primitive Aryan Language § 28. Preliminary observations: primitive Aryan according to the § 29. Historical revelations of the Primitive Aryan according to § 30. Aryan and Semitic: synthesis of the preceding considerations 172-7 177-80 180-2 CHAPTER II.: The Aryan Languages (pp. 183-97). .......... § 32. The genealogical divisions of Aryan considered by M. Müller 183-90 190-7 ARYAN PHILOLOGY. PART I. CHAPTER I. Sounds. § 1. In the first part of this book, the part in which we shall discuss the individual elements of the Aryan languages, and in the first place the sounds, we rejoice that it is our duty to begin with the praises of a distinguished Italian philologist, who appears in the foremost rank among those who have continued the work admirably begun by Bopp, by J. Grimm, by Pott, by Diez. The Corsi di glottologia' of G. I. Ascoli, as may be clearly seen from the first instalment, form a work such that even German science might well be proud of it. They will comprise Comparative phonology of Sanscrit, Greek and Latin," "General introduction to morphology," "Comparative morphology" of the three languages mentioned, and "Iranian phonology." "Far, however, from confining myself," writes the author," "rigorously within the restricted limits of the 2 three languages, I shall, in the Italic province, constantly 1 Corsi di glottologia dati nella R. Academia scientifico-letteraria di Milano, Vol. i. Lezioni di fonologia comparata del sanscrito, del greco e del latino, Torino e Firenze, E. Loescher, 1870, Part i. pp. i-xvi. 1-240. For the scientific life of Ascoli, see the Cenni sopra alcuni indianisti viventi of De Gubernatis, Firenze, 1872 (cxtracted from the Rivista Europea). 2 Ibid. pp. 2-3. B have regard also to the deciphered remains of Oscan and Umbrian, and to the Neo-Latin or Romance dialects; I shall not neglect Modern Greek, and I shall allow myself further to trench also upon the other regions of the Aryan world, as often as it may seem useful and appropriate for the illustration of those three which have been more especially assigned to us." For reasons both pædagogic and scientific Ascoli does not propose, like Schleicher, to "deduce the Sanscrit, the Greek or the Latin form from the corresponding Proto-Aryan form:" he takes his starting-point from the Sanscrit form which in general remained most faithful of all to the primitive type; "but," he writes, "in comparing together these three historic forms we shall not, for all that, ever omit to push our investigation as far as their common source." What a task the illustrious philologist has set himself in the composition of his work is clearly seen from the following words which we read in the Preface: "The ideal was this to lead him who followed me, point by point, from the first elements to the ultimate niceties of knowledge, without making him experience any sudden shock, without any sacrifice of clearness, without letting the exposition run counter to that natural continuity which exists in the manifold developments of the primitive germs." The first instalment, which as yet has not been followed by another, contains six lectures, the last being incomplete: in the first are put forth some Preliminary remarks; the subject of the 2nd and of the 3rd is The guttural tenuis; of the 4th The guttural media; in the 5th are discussed The aspirates in general and the guttural aspirates in particular; in the 6th are treated the palatals and linguals. This first sample 3 of Ascoli's work, rich in important researches and splendid promises, was greeted with good reason by the most competent critics with candid and ready welcome. : |