I. VI. VII. POLITICAL CHANGES IN TURKEY Rev. W. A. Wilson, M. A., D.D., Indore THE OLD AND THE NEW RÉGIME IN TURKEY Rev. S. V. R. Trowbridge, Aintab, Turkey ILLUSTRATIONS Mohammedan Religious Service at Delhi, India, Frontispiece Facing page Islam and Modernism. Opening of Parliament by the Mosque at Mombasa, British East Africa The Mohammedan College at Aligarh, India Where Islam Meets Paganism in Africa: 48 76 Street Singer, Assuan, Egypt, a Moslem From Warriors of the Bisharin Tribe, Pagans, in the Chinese Mohammedans : A Mohammedan Teacher Butchers From West China 187 187 234 234 273 The Late Sir Sayyad Ahmad Khan, Founder of the "And it came to pass, when Joshua was by Jericho, that he lifted up his eyes and looked, and behold there stood a man over against him with his sword drawn in his hand and Joshua went unto him and said unto him, Art thou for us or for our adversaries? And he said Nay, but as prince of the host of Jehovah am I now come."-Joshua v. 13, 14. "When the strong man fully armed guardeth his own court his goods are in peace, but when a stronger than he shall come upon him and overcome him he taketh from him his whole armour wherein he trusted and divideth his spoils."-Luke xi. 21, 22. "Not by might, nor by power, but by my Spirit, saith Jehovah of hosts."-Zechariah iv. 6, R. V. I AN INTRODUCTORY SURVEY REV. SAMUEL M. ZWEMER, D. D., F. R. G. S., ARABIA T HE Moslem world is not a haphazard expression invented by missionaries to represent a portion of the great world problem of evangelization, but is a literalism which sums up an actual situation. Six years before the Cairo Conference the first number of the Revue du Monde Musulman was published in Paris, and for ten years this monthly magazine has, from a purely scientific standpoint, tried to survey the extent of Islam, its condition, and developments in those lands where it holds sway, and which as a world by itself scien⚫ tifically requires unity of treatment. Nor is the Moslem world merely a geographical expression for the vast areas covered by Moslem conquest or conversion. The term is of much deeper significance. As Dr. C. H. Becker pointed out in his article in the first number of Der Islam, the word Islam itself stands for a unity of religious conception, a unity of political theory and of ideals of civilization, as well as of religion, which together form the problem of Islam. Therefore the essential and philosophical unity of the problem, in lands which constitute the Moslem world, has been recognized by all those who have made a study of the subject. It is possible, for this reason, to give a general survey of the Moslem world as a unit, and there are three reasons why this survey should be given at the opening of the Conference which succeeds that held at Cairo five years ago. The Cairo Conference marked a great step in advance towards the evangelization of the Mohammedan |