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of the power of Holkar, was apparent in the altered conduct of the Gwalior durbar, which henceforth became perfectly tractable. Some of Sindia's officers still, however, shewed a disposition to support the Pindarries; and it was found necessary to send a division against Jeswunt Rao Bhow, who was encamped at Jawud. That town was taken, and his force destroyed, on the 28th of January; and the three forts of Kumulnere, Ryepoor, and Ramnagur were reduced by General Donkin by the middle of February. Cheetoo, after withdrawing from the camp of Jeswunt Rao Bhow, went off to the northwest. A part of his durrah was destroyed by the Gujerat division, and several of their parties were overtaken in villages; but the main body contrived to elude pursuit, till at length, on the 25th of January, it was completely surprised and dispersed by a detachment from the garrison at Hindia. The Bheels and Grassias in the neighbourhood spared none who fell into their hands. Cheetoo, with about 200 followers, still escaped; and he endeavoured to make terms for himself, through the Nabob of Bhopaul; but his demands were too extravagant to be listened to. After passing through a variety of adventures, hunted from his last asylum, and still bearing up with a spirit and perseverance worthy of the leader of a better band, he disappeared, and, for some days, no one knew what had become of him. His horse was at last discovered grazing near the jungles adjoining the fortress of Asseergurh, saddled and bridled; and, upon search, a bag of about 250 rupees and several seal-rings, with some letters of Appa Sahib, promising future reward, fixed more completely its identity. At no great distance, some clothes clotted with blood, and

the relics of the tiger's feast, plainly told its master's fate. Finally, the Pindara's head was found, with the features still in a state to be recognised; and the mangled remains were given over to his son for inter

ment.

The Pindarries, dispersed, deprived of their leaders, without a home or rendezvous, were afterwards little heard of, although flying parties were seen in the Deccan till the termination of the war with the Peishwa. They eventually mingled with the rest of the population; and some of the survivors are making amends for past atrocities by the benefit which is derived from their labour in restoring trade and cultivation.* The Patans were prevented from trying their strength, by the fate of Holkar's troops at Mehidpoor, by the influence and cunning of Ameer Khan, and by the address and firmness of Sir David Ochterlony. Some of them were dismissed with a part of their arrears; some were taken into the service; and the whole were over-awed or conciliated without bloodshed. With the Rajpoots also, satisfactory negotiations were concluded. All the states and principalities, except Saugur, (of which the British Government took possession,) accepted the terms offered by the Governor-General; and the cessions made by Sindia enabled his Lordship to perform a politic act of justice and gratitude, in rewarding the hitherto illrequited Rajah of Boondee and the noble-minded

* Grant Duff, vol. iii. pp. 465-8. Malcolm, C. I., vol. i. pp. 461, 2. Many of them settled in the Deccan and Malwah as cultivators, and some became "active, improving farmers.' Many of the sirdars surrendered to the British Government on the promise of a pardon and a livelihood. Kureem Khan was settled with his family on an estate purchased for him in the Goorukpoor district. Wasil Mohammed poisoned himself,

young Nabob of Bhopaul. The military operations in Central India being completed, Sir John Malcolm remained there as political agent of the GovernorGeneral; and by his active exertions and conciliatory methods, introduced peace, order, and fertility into a country where those blessings had been long unknown.

It only remains to narrate the sequel to the operations in the Deccan. Shortly after the surrender of Nagpoor, supposing that every thing in that quarter was finally arranged, General Doveton proceeded with his division to the westward, to co-operate with Sir Thomas Hislop in taking possession of the forts in the territory ceded by Holkar. But no sooner was Appa Sahib re-instated on the musnud, than he renewed his intrigues, encouraged the savage Goands + to revolt, sent secret instructions to his kelledars to resist the orders of surrender which he had conceded, and applied to Bajee Row for assistance. The Resident, having obtained the clearest proofs of the Rajah's treachery, arrested him on the 15th of March (1818), and took possession of the city. The advancing succours from the Peishwa under Gunput Row had reached the banks of the Wurda, when they were met and driven back by a detachment under Colonel Scott. On the receipt of orders from the Governor-General, Appa Sahib was, on the 3rd of May, sent off from Nagpoor towards Allahabad, his intended prison; but,

* The early death of this virtuous and patriotic young prince was an irreparable loss. His life was terminated in 1818, by an accident. Sir John Malcolm gives him the highest character. Though a moslem, his favourite minister and companion was a Christian. His haram contained but one princess, and no slaves. Malcolm, C. I., vol. i. p. 419.

+ The aboriginal inhabitants of Gondwana, from whom the province derives its name.

having corrupted some of the sepoys of a Bengal corps on his guard, and being furnished with a suit of their regimentals, he succeeded in making his escape on the 13th, and fled to the Mahadeo hills between Nagpoor and the Nerbuddah, where he was joined by Cheetoo, the Pindara. The criminal negligence that permitted his escape, was productive of much harassing service, as the person of Appa Sahib became a rallying point for all the disbanded and broken troops of the country, and occasioned insurrections in various quarters. In the mean time, a grandson of Rughoojee Bhonslay, (a minor named Goozur, but who assumed the appellation of Rughoojee,) was elevated to the guddee, the widow of his grandfather being considered as regent; but the whole administration, during his minority, was confided to the Resident. Appa Sahib, a proscribed fugitive, baffled for some time the pursuit of the parties who were hemming him in, and succeeded in gaining the fort of Asseerghur. On the fall of that fortress, after a respectable defence of twenty days, on the 9th of April, 1819, he made his escape, disguised as a fakeer, to the Seik country; and no desire being evinced by the British Government to receive his submission, he sank into the insignificance naturally attaching to his weak and treacherous character.*

In order to trace the history of this state to its final settlement, we have departed from the strict order of events, and must now go back to the point at which we left the affairs of the retreating Peishwa. From Poonah, Bajee Row proceeded to Maholy,

* Grant Duff, vol. iii. pp. 473; 478, 9. It was in fleeing from Asseerghur, that Cheetoo met his dreadful fate. This author expresses his doubt whether Appa Sahib had ever been within the fort; but the fact seems to have been substantiated.-See Prinsep, vol. ii. p. 323.

whence he sent a party to Wassota, to bring to his camp the Rajah of Satarah, the nominal head of the Mahratta empire, with his mother and brothers. They were not brought in before he was already on his way to Punderpoor. Turning up the bank of the Bheema, the Peishwa continued his flight until he ascended the Lag Ghaut, north of Joonere, where he was joined by Trimbukjee Dainglia with a reinforcement. On hearing that General Smith had arrived at Sungumnere, he went off to the southward, giving out that he intended to attack Poonah. Great exertions were therefore made to come up with him; but, in the mean time, the most remarkable affair took place that occurred during the whole war.

Lieutenant-colonel Burr, who was stationed at Poonah, hearing of the meditated attack, sent off express to the cantonment at Seroor for a reinforcement; and a battalion accordingly commenced its march from that place on the last night of the year (1817). It consisted of little more than 500 rank and file, supported by two six-pounders manned by Europeans, and accompanied by 300 of the newly raised irregular horse; the whole under the command of Captain Francis Staunton. By ten o'clock the next morning, the party had reached the high ground overlooking the village of Koreigaum on the Bheema, whence the whole of the Peishwa's army, consisting of about 20,000 horse and nearly 8000 foot, were seen encamped on the opposite side of the river, above the village, under the walls of which the road to Poonah crosses the river by a ford. Fortunately, the road to the village, which was on the left bank, was unoccupied by the enemy; and Captain Staunton pushed for the walls of Koreigaum. The Mahrattas, perceiving his intention, detached three bodies of Arabs, consist

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