elevated to the head of the government, but he still continued to wear his peasant's costume, and while occupying the palace cost the government only $5 per day for his personal expenses. He was finally betrayed by a Judas named Roff, and conveyed to Mantua, where he was shot by order of Napoleon in 1810.

In the Franciscan church is the tomb of Maximilian I., the principal object of attraction in Innsbruck. The marble sarcophagus, on which is the bronze effigy of the emperor, is ornamented with 24 bas-reliefs of Carrara marble, representing the most prominent events in his life, of such exquisite beauty and delicacy of workmanship, as to resemble fine cameos. Surrounding the monument are 28 figures of heroic size in bronze of distinguished personages of the house of Austria, and in the same church is a marble statue of Andreas Hofer, beneath which repose his remains.

In the Museum near by, are the clothes, gun, and decorations of this remarkable man, whose history is concentrated within the compass of a single year, but to whose memory every hill, vale, and pass of the Tyrol are enduring monuments.

Among these mountains dwells an old man whose very original occupation deserves mention. Having discovered a peculiar kind of spider whose web is remarkably even, strong, and pliable, he conceived the idea of cultivating it, and utilizing its web. After selecting the most uniform

of these productions, he stretches and prepares them by a process known only to himself, and after framing so that the webs, retain their transparency, they are consigned to artists, who with extreme delicacy of touch, paint upon them, usually scenes appropriate to the Tyrol; one of the largest of these, portraying a hunting-scene in the mountains, we were fortunate enough to secure.

Continuing through the Tyrolean Alps we went to Brixlegg, a small village surrounded by high mountain peaks in the vicinity of Oberamagau, to witness the production of the Passion Play. The performance of this sacred drama was sanctioned by the Catholic clergy, and the services of the church were held at an earlier hour to enable all to attend. The large temporary theatre built for the occasion, was filled with over 1,000 religious and devout people, and a large number of the clergy. The play given on Sunday began at 9.30 A. M. and continued, with a short intermission, throughout the day. The performance was a representation of the Life and Passion of Our Saviour, rendered with a most thrilling and reverential realism; its 18 acts alternated by tableaux of scenes from the Old Testament.

CHAPTER XI.

MUNICH CONSTANCE: SCHAFFHAUSEN ZURICH:

LU

CERNE: LAKE LUCERNE : RIGI: SACHSELN : GIES

BACH FALLS: INTERLACHEN:

LAKE OF GENEVA: GENEVA.

BERN: FRIBOURG:

MUNICH, the capital of Bavaria, is on the river Isar, with a population of 230,000. It is mostly of modern architecture, and its principal thoroughfares are adorned with numerous statues. It is celebrated for its extensive collection of fine paintings, its bronze foundry, its stained-glass factory, and its excellent beer.

Most of the fine bronzes of the world come from Munich, one of the largest is the figure of Bavaria represented in the form of a colossal woman. It is 100 feet high, and within it is a spiral staircase which ascends to the interior of the head where eight persons can be comfortably seated at once. This statue was cast in the Royal Bronze Foundry, in 1850, by Miller, and was made of 78 tons of the metal of captured cannon. Here we saw another colossal female figure of Germania in course of construction, destined for the banks of the Rhine.

The principal statues in the public places of the city are those of Maximilian I. on his throne, Ludwig I. on horseback, Maximilian II. surrounded by figures of Justice, Peace, Science, and Power; and over the Gate of Victory, Bavaria is represented in a chariot drawn by four lions.

In the Royal Palace, the main apartments are the throne room in which stand twelve colossal bronze-gilt figures of the princes of the house of Bavaria, from Otho the Illustrious, 1253, to Charles XII. of Sweden, and the bedroom of Charles VII. containing the magnificent couch of that monarch, the hangings of which, richly embroidered in gold, employed the labor of 40 persons for 15 years, and are valued at $400,000. Among the relics in the Royal Chapel, are a fragment from the flagellation column; one of the stones cast at the Saviour; the skull of John the Baptist, and the prie-dieu carried for Mary Stuart to her execution.

The Palace Treasury contains several crowns and many fine jewels, among the latter of which is the largest blue diamond in existence, set in the order of the Golden Fleece; and a miniature equestrian statue of St. George and the Dragon, of gold and white enamel thickly set with diamonds and rubies, is a most exquisite piece of workmanship.

The Royal Library is next in extent to the largest in the world. In it is a collection of

10,000 Greek and Roman coins, besides tablets of wax of the 15th century; the Gospels, written in gold, on purple vellum, of the 9th century; and an Egyptian document, dating 400 years B. C., which was found in a tomb, and said to have been bestowed by a priest upon the deceased, as a passport to heaven.

The National Museum, whose walls are ornamented with 143 frescoes, illustrating the history of Bavaria, has among its objects of interest tapestries from the earliest periods of manufacture to the present perfect productions of the Gobelins; arms used previous to the Christian era, and every variety of instrument of torture, including the stocks, rack, cat o' nine tails, screws, weights, cages, and spiked chairs and barrels.

In the Gallery of Sculpture are the statues of Alexander the Great, and the Barberini Faun, or Sleeping Satyr, said to have been thrown from the top of a wall by the Romans, when defending themselves against the Goths.

The Old Pinacotheca, or picture gallery, contains 1,400 paintings by old masters, among which are Rubens' celebrated Rape of the Sabines, and several gems by Murillo, of Italian beggar children.

The New Pinacotheca has a fine collection of paintings on porcelain, and pictures by modern artists, among which are the Destruction of Jerusalem, by Kaulbach; the Deluge, by Karl Schorn;