Nr. 47.-A few small fragments of mammalian bones. Nr. 49.—A gold bead, 0"-20 in diameter. Nr. 50. A small fragment of some composition, covered with a thin plate of silver. Nr. 51.-A button, 0"-55 in diameter, made of some composition, and covered with a thin plate of silver which is continuous with the loop for fastening the button. Nr. 52.-Thirty-five small fragments of copper finger and toe-rings and other ornaments. Nr. 53.-Four fragments of copper surma rods. Nr. 54.-A thin band or ribbon of copper with a looped and bossed ornament. Nr. 55.-A rude iron bead. Nr. 56.-A lead nail, 0.85 long. Nr. 57.-Two halves of brass finger rings. Nr. 58. A brass rattle pendant of a woman's anklet. Nr. 59. Five fragments of brass rods. Nr. 60.-Three fragments of plain brass ring bangles. Nr. 61.-Eleven brass fragments of ornaments, finger and toe-rings, &c. Nr. 62.-Two iron fragments of ornaments. Nr. 63.-Three small brass nodules or smelting drops. Nr. 64.-Three fragments of brass ornaments, fingerrings, &c. Visalpur. According to the map which accompanies Mr. Carlleyle's 2 account of this site, it is situated about 180 miles to the south-west of Agra, and about 65 miles to the south-east Dr. G. King has kindly undertaken to examine this seed, and, if he succeeds in identifying it, the result will be given in an Appendix. 2 Arch. Surv. Rep., Vol. VI, p. 152, Pl. XVII to XXI. of Ajmere, and 30 miles to the north north-west of Nagar. Mr. Carlleyle says it is situated at the south-west corner of the Thoda and Girwar mountain range. He describes Visalpur as having been founded by Visala Deva, the grandfather of Prithvi Raja, and states that it is situated at the mouth of a great chasm-like gorge in the Girwar range, which is about seven to eight miles long, and about 2,000 to 3,000 feet high. In Cabinet No. 4. V. 1.-A piece of iron with a rod-like stem about one inch long, terminating in an elongated and expanded flattened portion, 1" 20 long, 0′′:50 broad, and 0′′∙15 in thickness at the middle. This object was sent as an ancient arrow-head, which Mr. Carlleyle had found "among some scattered stones of some old cairns on the slope of the hills near Visalpūr." Presented by the Archæological Survey of India, August 1882. Tambavati Nagari. The mound of ruins which marks the site of the ancient town called Tambavati, Thambavati or Stambhavati Nagari is situated 11 miles to the north-west of Chitor, according to the map accompanying Mr. Carlleyle's Report on Eastern Rajputana. In a foot-note, he says "the compound word Tambavati is, in some cases, supposed to signify the place of copper; and the name as applied to Châtsû," an ancient town twenty-five miles to the south from Jaipur "is said to have been derived from the fact that it was, in ancient times, surrounded by a wall of copper. However that may be, I believe that the name, as applied to Nagari, ought to be spelt Thambhavati, as a corruption of the Sanskrit Stambhavati, which would mean "the place of pillars," and would thus 1 Op. cit., p. 196. Pl. xxiv. appropriately refer to a place where Buddhist pillars had been erected." Mr. Carlleyle says that "there cannot be the slightest doubt that Nagari is one of the oldest places in India; and, as I obtained a great number of the most ancient Hindu punch-marked coins there, which were found on the spot, and as General Cunningham allows that some of the coins of this class are certainly as old as five or six hundred years B. C. and may be as old as one thousand years B. C., the latter date brings us very nearly up to the supposed period of the reign of Haris Chandra, which makes it quite within the range of possibility that he may have been the actual founder of Nagari," which local tradition says he was. Mr. Carlleyle states that he "discovered the ancient city of Nagari by a mere fortunate accident," and that he believes he has thus "discovered the ancient city which Tod appears to have searched for in vain." The site, however, he states, is entirely stripped of any remains of temples or sculptures, with the exception of a mound and a single sculptured stone, and explains the absence of the remains of ruins by supposing that they have all been taken off to Chitor.1 At this place Mr. Carlleyle obtained upwards of five thousand copper coins, nearly all of which, according to General Cunningham, bear the name Mälavan which refers to the Malavāns of the Hindu Puraus. One hundred and twenty of these copper coins have been received by this Museum, along with two silver coins from the same locality. 2 The following objects were presented by. the Archæological Survey of India, August 1882. T. N. 1.—A baked clay fragment, probably portion of a vessel of some kind; the stand or basement, and expanded 2 Op. cit., p. IV. 1 Op. cit., p. 209. platter-like upper portion being lost. The lower part is fluted, and above this there is a projecting band, ornamented with rude lines impressed obliquely in the soft clay, the part above this consisting of vertical ridges. The work is exceedingly rude. The fragment still retains the red colour with which it was smeared. T. N. 2.-A rude red baked clay lamp with an erect rim, and concave surface external to it. Diameter 3"-10. Height to circumference 0.95. Height to rim 1"-53. Internal diameter of mouth 1". T. N. 3.-A small red baked clay vessel, nearly round, 1′′-57 high, 2′′ in diameter, and the mouth with a breadth of 0"-83. There is a short upwardly turned handle, perforated at its base by a round hole, and, opposite to the handle, there appear to have been two spouts, side by side, but separated from one another. T. N. 4.-Two clay spindle wheels, one 1" 40 and the other 1" in diameter. T. N. 5.-Two baked clay net, or line-sinkers. T. N. 6. A small copper button with a short stem, probably a nail. Harapā. 2 The ruins of Harapa, on the left bank of the Ravi, about half-way between Lahor and Multan have been described in recent times by Mason, Burnes, and Cunningham,3 and the last identifies them with the ancient city of Po-fa-to or Po-fa-to-lo which was visited and described by Hwen Thsang, 1 Journeys in Beluchistan, Vol. 1, p. 453. Journ. As. Soc., Vol. VI, Pt. 1, p. 59. 2 Travels in Bokhara, Vol. III, p. 137. Anct. Geo., p. 210. Arch. Surv. Rep., Vol. V, p. 105, Pls. XXII and XXIII. 4 S. Julien's, Vie de H. T. p. 106, p. 210: Mém de H. T., t. II, p. 174, p. 410 K but he had previously1 advocated the claims of Sharkot 2 to be regarded as such. According to the traditions of the people, the city is said to have been destroyed about one thousand two hundred, or one thousand three hundred years ago, either by fire, earthquake or the sword, by reason of the debauchery of the Raja Harapāla, from whom it takes its name, and who claimed the sovereign's right at every marriage until he at last committed incest. General Cunningham believes that it was possibly destroyed on the invasion of the Punjab, in A.D. 713, by the Arabs under Muhammad-bin-Kasim. During Hwen Thsang's time, the city seems to have been a place of considerable importance, as it had a dense population, and supported no less than twelve monasteries and one thousand monks, besides twenty Brahmanical temples. Very little, however, now remains of the monasteries, temples, and stūpas of which there were four, as the mounds which marked the sites of these edifices were levelled to the ground for ballast to construct the railway from Lahor to Multan ! General Cunningham made a number of excavations, but under the last-mentioned circumstances his labours were very meagrely rewarded. He discovered some implements and pottery which he has figured, but only one of these specimens (fig. 13,) has been presented to this Museum. Where the others are deposited is not stated. Ha. 1.-A spoon-like object of baked red clay, the receptacle measuring 3" 10 x 2" 75 x 1" 50, and the stem or handle, which appears to be perforated, about 1"-50 in length. Presented by the Archæological Survey of India, 12th August 1882. Anct. Geo. of India, p. 203. 2 Conf. Arch. Surv. Rep., Vol. V, p. 97. 3 Op. cit., Vol. V, Pl. XXXIII. |