De Oratore. ject hitherto unconnected or even torn apart. Therefore let o take the final end of the jus civile to be this, the preservation (au the dealings and disputes of citizens of an equity based on law ri custom. Then its genera must be reduced to a fixed number !', one as small as possible. A genus is that which embraces tw more divisions [partes] alike in possessing certain qualities common but differing in species. The divisions are subordinate the genera from which they proceed, and the force possessed all names of the genera and divisions must be set forth in der tions. A definition is a brief but comprehensive statement of great qualities which are peculiar to the thing we wish to def To this I should add examples were I not well acquainted w my hearers. As it is, I shall put into words what I have propose If I should be permitted to do what I have long been planning: if somebody else should undertake the task while I am others engaged, or accomplish it after my death—as soon as somec: shall divide the whole jus civile into its genera, which are ver few, next distribute what we may call the numbers of the genera, and then set forth in definitions the proper force of eat [term employed], you will have a perfected science of the civile, large and full indeed, but neither difficult nor obscure. the meantime, while the scattered fragments are being combined a person may get a truly scientific knowledge of civil law [juc juris civilis scientia], if he will only cull and gather what he c here, there, and everywhere.

Est sine dubio domus jurisconsulti, totius oraculum civ. tatis. I, 45.

The house of the lawyer is, no doubt, the oracle of the whole

state.

Socrates dicere solitus est, quibus id persuasum esset, ut nihil mallent se esse, quam bonos viros, iis reliquam facilem esse doctrinam. I, 47.

Socrates used to say that to those who were convinced that they should prefer nothing so much as to be good men, every other kind of learning was easy.

Nolite sinere nos cuiquam servire nisi vobis universis. quibus et possumus et debemus. 1, 52.

of

Be unwilling to allow us to be the slave of only one, but rather you all in whatever we can and ought.

Qui aut tempus quid postulet, non videt aut plura loquitur. aut se ostentat, aut eorum quibuscum est vel dignitatis vel

modi rationem non habet, aut denique in aliquo genere De Oratore. inconcinnus aut multus est, is ineptus esse dicitur. II, 4. le who does not perceive what is demanded by the circumces, or says too much, or indulges in vain display, or does not into account the rank, or study the convenience, of those with m he finds himself, or, to be brief, is in any way awkward or ix, is what we call a tactless person.

ilti levissimam delectationem gravissimae utilitati eponunt. II, 5.

Many prefer the smallest pleasure to the most important antage.

us dicendi in omni pacata et libera civitate dominatur.

8.

The practice of public speaking flourishes in every peaceful and

e state.

istoria vero testis temporum, lux veritatis, vita memoae, magistra vitae, nuntia vetustatis, qua voce alia nisi atoris immortalitati commendatur. II, 9.

History is the witness of the times, the torch of truth, the life memory, the teacher of life, the herald of antiquity; receiving om the voice of the orator alone her credentials to immortality.

Quae natura aut fortuna darentur hominibus, in iis rebus e vinci posse animo aequo pati; quae ipsi sibi homines arare possent, in iis rebus se pati non posse vinci." Crassus, quoted by Cicero] II, II.

We may cheerfully permit ourselves to be excelled in those hings which are bestowed on mankind by nature or fortune, but not in those which men can secure for themselves by their own fforts.

Quis nescit primam esse historiae legem ne quid falsi dicere audeat? deinde ne quid veri non audeat? ne quae suspicio gratiae sit in scribendo? ne quae simultatis? II, 15.

Who does not recognize that the first law of history is that we shall never dare to say what is false; the second that we shall never fear to say what is true; that everything we write shall be free from any suspicion of favoritism or flattery?

De Oratore. Neque est omnino ars ulla, in qua omnia quae illa 2effici possunt, a doctore tradantur. II, 16.

There is no art of which all the possibilities are capable of be imparted by a teacher.

Quod enim ipsi experti non sunt, id docent ceteros. II, They are teaching to others an art in which they have the selves no experience.

Non potest in eo esse succus diuturnus, quod nimis cele ter est maturitatem assecutum. II, 21.

Sap cannot long continue in that which has too quickly acquire maturity.

Tardi ingenii est, rivulos consectari, fontes rerum r videre. II, 27.

It is the part of the slow of perception to follow up the rivule of learning and never to see the fountain-head.

Diligentia, cum omnibus in rebus, tum in causis defe dendis plurimum valet. Haec praecipue colenda es nobis haec semper adhibenda; haec nihil est, quod n assequatur. II, 35.

Diligence has greatest power in everything, particularly defending causes; it is above all to be cultivated, it is always t be attended to; there is nothing which it does not accomplish. Avaritiam si tollere vultis, mater ejus est tollenda luxuries. II, 40.

If you would banish avarice, you must first banish luxury, the mother of avarice.

Medico diligenti, priusquam conetur aegro adhibere medicinam, non solum morbus ejus, cui mederi volet, se etiam consuetudo valentis et natura corporis cognoscenda est. II, 44.

A careful doctor, before attempting to prescribe for a patient must make himself acquainted not only with the nature of the disease of the man he desires to cure, but also with his manner of life when in health, and his constitution.

Saepe enim audivi poëtam bonum neminem sine inflam matione animorum existere posse, et sine quodam afflatu quasi furoris. II, 46.

have often heard that no real poet can exist without the spirit De Oratore.

g on fire, and without, as it were, a spice of madness.

idetur praestanti florentique fortunae. II, 52. Men envy high and successful fortune.

rique sunt invidi, maximeque est hoc commune vitium. 52.

Most men are envious, and this is above all a common fault.

nino probabiliora sunt, quae lacessiti dicimus, quam e priores. II, 56.

We are more likely to speak the truth under cross-examination a in our evidence in chief.

cinorosos majore quadam vi quam ridiculi vulnerari unt. II, 58.

We demand that the criminal should be attacked with a more werful weapon than ridicule.

t sementem feceris, ita metes."

As thou sowest, so shalt thou reap.

II, 65.
[Quoted by Cicero]

bet enim multitudo vim quamdam talem, ut, quemaddum tibicen sine tibiis canere, sic orator sine multitue audiente eloquens esse non possit. II, 83.

So great is the influence of numbers, that an orator can no more eloquent without a crowded audience than a flute-player can y without a flute.

ra laus uni virtuti debetur. II, 84.

True praise is due to virtue alone.

inime sibi quisque notus est et difficillime de se quisque tit. III, 9.

Everyone is least known to himself, and the most difficult task to get acquainted with one's own character.

es quidem se mea sententia sic habet, ut, nisi quod quise cito potuerit, nunquam omnino possit perdiscere. , 23.

It is a fact, as I think, that what we cannot learn quickly we not learn at all.

De Oratore. Omnibus in rebus voluptatibus maximis fastidium fir timum est. III, 25.

De
Partitione
Oratoria.

In everything satiety follows most closely on the greate pleasures.

"Sapiens virtuti honorem praemium, haud praeda petit." [Roscius, quoted by Cicero] III, 26.

"The wise man seeks honor, not profit, as the reward of virtue.

Rerum enim copia verborum copiam gignit. III, 31.
A plethora of matter begets a plethora of words.

Quorum si alterum sit optandum, malim equidem indise: tam prudentiam, quam stultitiam loquacem. III, 35

If I have to choose between the two, I would rather have soun common sense without eloquence, than folly with a fine flow c language.

Facilius enim ad ea quae visa, quam ad illa quae audit sunt, mentis oculi feruntur. III, 41.

The mind's eye is more easily impressed by what is seen the by what is heard.

Irrepit in hominum mentes dissimulatio. III, 53.

Dissimulation creeps gradually into the minds of men.

Animi est enim omnis actio, et imago animi vultus, indices oculi. III, 59.

All action is of the mind, and the mirror of the mind is the face, its index the eyes.

DE PARTITIONE ORATORIA

Cito enim exarescit lacrima, praesertim in alienis malis.

XVII.

Our tears are quickly dried, especially when they are shed over the griefs of others.

Nihil est enim tam miserabile quam ex beato miser. XVII.
Nothing is so pitiable as a poor man who has seen better days,

C