lameness, of confinement, seemed only to make sweeter and sweeter, and that frank politeness, which at once relieved all the embarrassment of the youngest and most timid writer or artist, who found himself for the first time among Ambassadors and Earls. They will remember that constant flow of conversation, so natural, so animated, so various, so rich with observation and anecdote; that wit which never gave a wound; that exquisite mimicry which ennobled, instead of degrading; that goodness of heart which appeared in every look and accent, and gave additional value to every talent and acquirement. They will remember, too, that he whose name they hold in reverence was not less distinguished by the inflexible uprightness of his political conduct than by his loving disposition and his winning manners. They will remember that, in the last lines which he traced, he expressed his joy that he had done nothing unworthy of the friend of Fox and Grey; and they will have reason to feel similar joy, if, in looking back on many troubled years, they cannot accuse themselves of having done anything unworthy of men who were distinguished by the friendship of Lord Holland.
AND GLOSSARY OF ALLUSIONS
ACBAR, contemporary with Elizabeth, firmly established the Mogul rule in India; Aurungzebe (1659-1707); ex- tended the Mogul Empire over South India, 400
Aislabie, Chancellor of the Exchequer; forfeited most of his huge profits, 370 Alexander VI., Pope, father of Lucretia and Cæsar Borgia. He obtained his office by bribery and held it by a series of infamous crimes (d. 1503), 41 Alguazils, "a Spanish adaptation of the Arabic al-wazir, the minister, and used in Spanish both for a justiciary and a bailiff." Here it implies cruel and extor tionate treatment, 593,
Allipore, a suburb of Calcutta, 645 Amadis, the model knight who is the hero of the famous medieval prose-romance of the same title. Of Portuguese origin, it was afterwards translated and ex- panded in Spanish and in French, 164 Aminta, a pastoral play composed by Tasso in 1581, 161
Antiochus and Tigranes, overthrown_re- spectively by Pompey, B.C. 65, and Lu- cullus, B.C. 69, 549
Atahualpa, King of Peru, captured and put to death by Pizarro in 1532, 479, Atterbury, Bishop of Rochester and cham- pion of the High Church and Tory party (1662-1732), 269
Aumils, district-governors, 638 Aurungzebe, dethroned and succeeded Shah Jehan in 1658 (d. 1707), 486 Austrian Succession, War of (see the Essay on Frederic the Great, vol. v. of this edition), 484
BABINGTON, Anthony, an English Catholic,
executed in 1586 for plotting to assas- sinate Elizabeth. Everard Digby was concerned in the Gunpowder Plot of 1605, 305
Babington, an English Catholic executed in 1586 for plotting to assassinate Elizabeth under the instruction of a Jesuit named Ballard, 7
Ballard. See Babington.
Barbariccia and Draghignazzo, the fiends who torment the lost with hooks in the lake of boiling pitch in Malebolge, the eighth circle in Dante's Inferno, 164 Baretti, Giuseppe, an Italian lexiographer who came to London, was patronised by Johnson, and became Secretary of the Royal Academy, 658
Barillon, the French Ambassador in Eng- land, 240
Barnard, Sir John, an eminent London merchant, and Lord Mayor (1685-1764), 353
Barras, a member of the Jacobin (q. v.) club; he put an end to Robespierre's Reign of Terror and was a member of the Directory till Napoleon abolished it (d. 1829), 658
Batavian liberties, Batavia is an old name for Holland; the Celtic tribe known as Batavii once dwelt there, 229
Bath, Lord, William Pulteney, Sir R. Walpole's opponent, and author of a few magazine articles (1684-1764), 337 Belisarius, Justinian's great general, who successively repulsed the Persians, Van- dals, Goths, and Huns, but who, tradi- tion says, was left to become a beggar (d. 565), 368
Benevolences, royal demands from indi- viduals not sanctioned by Parliament and supposed to be given willingly; declared illegal by the Bill of Rights, 1689, 230
Bentinck, Lord William, the Governor- General (1828-1835) under whom suttee was abolished, internal communications opened up, and education considerably furthered, 549
Bentivoglio, Cardinal, a disciple of Gali- leo, and one of the Inquisitors who signed his condemnation (1579-1641), 93 Berkeley and Pomfret, where Edward II. and Richard II. respectively met their deaths, 90
Bernier, a French traveller who wandered over India, 1656-1668, 487
Blues, The, Royal Horse Guards, 369 Board of Control, a body responsible to the Ministry with an authoritative parlia- mentary head: established by Pitt's India Bill (1784), 525.
Bobadil, the braggart hero in Johnson's Every Man in his Humour, 498 Bolingbroke, Viscount, Tory Prime Minis- ter under Anne; brought about the Peace of Utrecht, 1713. His genius and daring were undoubted, but as a party leader he failed utterly, 417
Bolivar, the Washington of South America, who freed Venezuela, Colombia, and Bolivia from Spain (1783-1830), 182 Bonner, Bishop of London, served Bloody" Mary's anti-Protestant zeal, died in the Marshalsea Prison under Elizabeth, 108
Bonslas, a Marátha tribe not finally sub- dued till 1817, 589
Bradshaw, President of the Court that condemned Charles I., 334.
Braganza, House of, the reigning family of Portugal; Charles II. married Catherine of Braganza in 1662, 216
Breda, Peace of, July 21, 1667; Breda is in North Brabant, Holland, 217
Brissotines, those moderate republicans in the French Revolution who are often known as the Girondists, 188 Broghill, Lord, better known as Rope Boyle, author of Parthenissa, etc., 210 Brooks's, the great Whig Club in St. James's Street amongst whose members were Burke, Sheridan, Fox, and Garrick, 623 Brothers, Richard, a fanatic who held that the English were the lost ten tribes of Israel (1757-1824), 283
Browne's Estimate (of the Manners and Principles of the Times), the author was a clergyman noted also for his defence of utilitarianism in answer to Shaftesbury (Lecky, Hist. Eng. in 18th Cent., ii. 89 f.), 392
Brutus, i. The reputed expeller of the last King of Rome; ii. One of Cæsar's mur- derers, 356, 407
Bulicame, the seventh circle in the Inferno, the place of all the violent, 199 Buller, Sir Francis, English judge, author of Introduction to the Law of Trials at Nisi Prius (1745-1800), 278
Bürger, Gottfried, German poet (1748- 1794), author of the fine ballad "The Wild Huntsman," 224
Burgoyne, afterwards the General in com- mand of the British troops whose sur- render at Saratoga practically settled the American War of Independence, 545 Burlington, Lord, Richard Boyle, an en- thusiastic architect of the Italian school (1695-1753), 363
Burton, Henry, a Puritan divine, pilloried, mutilated, and imprisoned by the Star Chamber (1578-1648), 119.
Busiris, a mythological King of Egypt who used to sacrifice one foreigner yearly in the hope of ending a prolonged famine, 249
Buxar, between Patna and Benares, where Major Munro defeated Sujah Dowlah and Meer Cossim in 1765, 479
CALAS, Jean, a tradesman of Toulouse, done to death on the wheel in 1762 on the false charge of murdering his son to prevent his becoming a Romanist. Vol- taire took his case up and vindicated his memory, 323
Camden, Lord, the Chief Justice of the Common Pleas who declared general warrants illegal and released Wilkes in 1763, 342
Capel, Lord Arthur, at first sided with the Parliament, but afterwards joined the King; executed for attempting to escape from Colchester in 1649, 199 Caracci, Annibal, an Italian painter of the Elizabethan age, 337
Carlton House, the residence of George IV. when Prince of Wales, 618 Cartoons, the, the famous designs by Raphael, originally intended for tapestry, 226
Cato, Addison's play, produced in 1713,
Cavendish, Lord, first Duke of Devonshire
(d. 1707). He gave evidence in favour of Lord Russell and tried to secure his escape, 247
Cesare Borgia, son of Pope Alexander VI. and brother of Lucrezia, whose infamous ability, cruelty, and treachery he even surpassed, 516 Chandernagora, on the Hooghly twenty miles from Calcutta. Pondicherry in the Carnatic (i. e. the S.E. coast of India) is still a French possession, 400 Chemnitius, a seventeenth-century German historian who wrote a History of the Swedish War in Germany, 359 Chicksands, in Bedfordshire, 205 Childeric or Chilperic, the former was King of the Franks (c. 460-480), the latter King of Neustria (c. 560-580); both were puppets in the hands of their subjects, 440
Chorasan, a Persian province, 489 Chowringhee, still the fashionable quarter of Calcutta, 503
Chudleigh, Miss, maid of honour to the Princess of Wales (mother of George III.); the original of Beatrix in Thack- eray's Esmond, 332
Churchill, John, the famous Duke of Marlborough, 199
Clootz, a French Revolutionary and one of the founders of the Worship of Reason; guillotined 1794, 85
Cocytus, one of the five rivers of Hades (see Milton's Paradise Lost, ii. 577 ff.), 369
Coleroon, the lower branch of the river Kaveri it rises in Mysore and flows to the Bay of Bengal, 598
Colman, the Duke of York's confessor, in whose rooms were found papers held to support Oates's story, 236
Condé, a French general who, fighting for Spain, besieged Arras but had to aban don it after a defeat by Turenne, 198 Conjeveram, south-west from Madras and east from Arcot, 496
Conway, Marshal, cousin to Walpole; fought at Fontenoy and Culloden; moved the repeal of the Stamp Act (1766), 342
Corah, one hundred miles north-west from Allahabad, formerly a town of great importance, now much decayed, 567 Cornelia, a noble and virtuous Roman matron, daughter of Scipio Africanus and wife of Sempronius Graccus, 210 Cortes, conqueror of Mexico (1485-1547),
Cosmo di Medici, a great Florentine ruler, who, however, understood the use of assassination, 545
Cossimbuzar (see the description in the Essay on Hastings, p. 235), 512
Court of Requests, instituted under Henry VII. for the recovery of small debts and superseded by the County Courts in 1847, 378 Covelong and Chingleput, between Madras and Pondicherry, 498
Craggs, Secretary of State: a man of ability and character, probably innocent in the South Sea affair, 370, 388 Crevelt, near Cleves, in West Prussia; Minden is in Westphalia, 401 Cumberland ... single victory, at Cullo- den, over the young Pretender's forces, in 1745, 524
Cutler, Sir John, a wealthy London mer- chant (1608-1693) whose permanent avarice outshone his occasional benefac- tions (see Pope, Moral Essays, iii. 315), 387
Charles Martel, nominal and real rulers of France in the seventh and eighth centuries, 142 D'Aguesseau, a famous French jurist, law- reformer, and magistrate (1668-1751), 3 D'Alembert, a mathematician and philo- sopher who helped to sow the seeds of the French Revolution. Macaulay quite misrepresents Walpole's attitude to him (see letter of 6th Nov. 1768), 339 Damien, the attempted assassinator of Louis XV. in 1757, 333 Danby, Thomas Osborne, Esq. of, one of Charles II.'s courtiers, impeached for his share in the negotiations by which France was to pension Charles on con- dition of his refusal to assist the Dutch, 199
Danes, only had a few trading stations in India, which they sold to the British in 1845, 535
Demosthenes and Hyperides, the two great orators of Athens who were also contem- poraries and friends, 636
De Pauw, Cornelius, a Dutch canon (1739- 99), esteemed by Frederic the Great among others, as one of the freest specu- lators of his day, 270
Derby, James Stanley, Earl of, one of Charles I.'s supporters, captured at Worcester and beheaded in 1651, 199 Derwentwater... Cameron, Stuart ad- herents who suffered for their share in the attempts of 1715 and 1745, 414 Dido, Queen of Carthage, who after years of mourning for her first husband, vainly sought the love of Æneas, 415 Dionysius, the tyrant of Syracuse (367-343 B.C.) who gathered to his court the fore- most men of the time in literature and philosophy, 646
Dodd, Dr., a royal chaplain and fashion- able preacher whose extravagance led him to forge a bond of Lord Chester- field's, for which he was sentenced to death and duly executed (1729-77), 13, 625 Dodington, George Bubb, a time-serving and unprincipled politician in the time of George II., afterwards Baron Melcombe, 353, 368, 412
Dubois, Cardinal, Prime Minister of France. An able statesman and a no- torious debauchee (1656-1723), 41 Duke of Lancaster, Henry IV., the deposer and successor of Richard II., 142
Dumont, Pierre, a French writer who settled in England and became the trans- lator and exponent of Bentham's works to Europe (1759-1829), 338
Dundee, the persecutor of the Scottish Covenanters under Charles II., 198 Dyer, John, author of some descriptive poems, e.g. Grongar Hill (1700-58), 337
ELDON, John Scott, Earl of, was in turn Solicitor-General, Attorney-General, Lord Chief Justice of Common Pleas and Lord Chancellor, and throughout a staunch Tory (1751-1838), 417
Empson and Dudley, ministers and tax- raisers under Henry VII., executed by Henry VIII., 346
Ensign Northerton (see Fielding's Tom Jones, VII. xii.-xv.), 345
Escobar, a Spanish Jesuit preacher and writer (1589-1669), 188
Escurial, the palace and monastery built by Philip II., 214
Essex, one of the Rye House Conspirators; he was found in the Tower with his throat cut, whether as the result of suicide or murder is not known, 261
Euston, a late Jacobean house (and park) 10 miles from Bury St. Edmunds, 471
Faithful Shepherdess, a pastoral by Fletcher, which may have suggested the general plan and some of the details of Comus, 161
Farinata (see Dante's Inferno, canto 10), 167 the tax-gatherers of France, prior to the Revolution: they contracted with the Government for the right to collect or "farm" the taxes, 537 Ferdinand the Catholic, King of Aragon, who, by marrying Isabella of Castile and taking Granada from the Moors, united Spain under one crown, 479
Filicaja, a Florentine poet (1642-1707); according to Macaulay ("Essay on Addison") "the greatest lyric poet of modern times," 170
Filmer, Sir Robert, advocated the doctrine of absolute regal power in his Patriarcha, 1680, 417
Foigard, Father, a French refugee priest in Farquhar's Beaux Stratagem, 96 Fouché, Joseph, duke of Otranto. member of the National Convention, who voted for the death of Louis XVI., and afterwards served under Napoleon (as Minister of Police) and Louis XVIII., 56
Fox, Henry F., father of Charles James Fox, and later Lord Holland, 361, 373, 386
Franche-Comté, that part of France which lies south of Lorraine and west of Switzerland, 209
French Memoirs, those of Margaret of Valois, daughter of Henry II. of France
and wife of Henry (IV.) of Navarre, 210 Friar Dominic, a character in Dryden's
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