temple of Esné, whose erection has hitherto been dated at 3000 years before Christ, is shewn to have been coeval only with the reign of Hadrian. Air Balloons-An ingenious paper has recently appeared in a scientific publication, on the origin, progressive improvements, and possible ultimate application of the air balloon. After remarking that these aerial vehicles will in all probability be finally directed by the steam-engine, the writer observes, that all attempts to direct the machine must be fruitless, so long as its small size subjects it to every fluctuation of the atmosphere. To remedy this, he would not further enlarge one balloon, but attach several to elevate a platform, which, shaped like an isosceles triangle, should have one balloon at the vertex, and one at each angle of the base; thus, by the space occupied, it would have a sufficient hold upon the air, and be very convenient for direction. By a simple contrivance, he would give to it a definite position in respect of the atmospheric current; which is the first point to be gained, as balloons are in a constant rotation one way or the other. If a slower motion could thus be imparted to a balloon than exists in the current, a purchase to work upon would be procured, by which its direction could be modified. Something like a moveable keel, above or below the platform, might answer the purposes of sail and rudder. The time cannot be estimated when the balloon shall have attained the perfect movements of the steam-boat; but the steam-engine he supposes will triumph here also; and it will be a great matter in mechanics, to gain even a few points on the current of wind. Navigation at sea offered little more for ages. liam in the East Indies, which will accommodate one thousand persons. Some dexterous villains have contrived to remove the gold and other coins which were deposited beneath the foundation stone of the new chapel at Stand, some few weeks since. The King of Portugal has issued a decree authorizing the opening of a Protestant place of worship in Lisbon, "to be under the special protection and direction of the British Lega- . tion," at his court. In consequence of spirited appeals from every part of the country, a committee of Spiritual and Temporal Lords has been appointed; from whose united knowledge, piety, and talents, it may be expected that the important law of marriage will be definitively settled on such a basis of civil and religious propriety, as shall secure to the community the moral blessings which were designed in its original institution. QUERIES TO CORRESPONDENTS. 1. A Correspondent asks-Why did the late Rev. John Wesley recommend to his fol lowers Henry Earl of Moreland, in preference to all other books of a similar description? and wherein does it differ in character from vast numbers of novels and romances, to deserve such particular recommendation? 2. A Constant Reader wishes to know the history of the mortuary fee; the import of the term; the duties required of the Romish clergy before they could demand payment; and, in reference to the reformed clergy, when such fee can be lawfully demanded, and its payment enforced. 3. Books-A few drops of any perfumed oil will secure libraries from the consuming effects of mouldiness and damp. Russian leather, which is perfumed with the tar of the birch-tree, never moulders; and merchants suffer large bales of this article to lie in the London-docks Pater asks, Are the causes known, and if in the most careless manner, knowing that it so, what are they, by which children at four cannot sustain any injury from damp. or five years of age, and who have previously Fouling-pieces. By an ingenious improve-spoken quite distinctly, and without the least ment in the percussion lock, the sportsman, previously to setting-out, is enabled to supply priming for eighty discharges of a double bar relled gun; the explosions are certain, the lock is easily kept clean, and not exposed to damp; and, above all, perfect security against accident by the bursting of the magazine. It is the invention of Mr. George Forrest, of Jedburgh, in Scotland. New Patents.-to Mr. Rabant, of Skinnerstreet, Snowhill, for an improved apparatus to prepare tea and coffee; and to Mr. John Bold, of West-street, Long-lane, Bermondsey, for certain improvements in printing. Religious. The Rev. Thomas Calvert, B. D. Professor of Divinity at St. John's College, Cambridge, and King's Preacher at Whitehall, has been presented to the Wardenship of the Collegiate Church at Manchester, (mentioned as vacant in our last magazine,) on the recommendation, to his Majesty, of the Earl of Liverpool. The Rev. Reginald Heber has been appointed to the vacant Bishopric of Calcutta. A new church has been erected at Fort Wil hesitation, acquire a habit of stammering? And what are the most efficacious means of preventing its growth, and of effecting its cure, in its earliest stages? E. J. asks, How are bees to be managed, so as to produce the greatest profit?-so as to blend profit with amusement, with the least cruelty? and, to communicate instruction to plain country people, who has written best on this subject? 5. Literary Notices. Just Published, in 12mo. elegant plates, Universal Stenography, or a Practical System of Short-hand Writing, combining Expedition, Legibility, and Brevity. The first part founded upon the general principles of the late ingenious Mr. Samuel Taylor; the second part embracing the latest improvements from the most recent and eminent writers on this useful science. For the use of schools and private tuition. By William Harding. Services at the Ordination of the Rev. James Parsons to the pastoral charge of the Church and Congregation assembling in Seudall Chapel, York, October 24th, 1822. The Introductory Discourse, Rev. W. Vint. The Charge to the Minister, Rev. E. Parsons. The Sermon to the People, Rev. Thomas Raffles, LL.D. The Teacher's Offering, or the Sunday School Visitor. Edited by the Rev. John Campbell, Kingsland. Embellished with a superior wood cut, and an ornamental wrap per. Little Robert's First Day at the Sunday School, embellished with a copper-plate frontispiece, and several wood cuts. By the author of the Teacher's Farewell. Pious Edward, a real character, for the instruction and amusement of young persons. By a Minister of Religion. respecting the licensing of a house for Religious Worship, or Protestant Dissenters, in the village of Newton. By a Village Pastor. An Appeal for Religion to the best Sentiments and Interests of Mankind; being 1st. Four Orations for the Oracles of God. 2nd. Judgment to Come, an Argument in Five Discourses. 3rd. Messiah's Arrival, a Series of Discourses. By the Rev. Edward Irving, M. A. Minister of the Caledonian Church, Hatton Garden, London. In one vol. 8vo. Mr. John Dunlop, Author of the "History of Fiction," has nearly ready for publication The History of Roman Literature, from the earliest periods to the Augustan Age, in two vols. 8vo. In the course of the present month, will appear, a new edition of the Saxon Chronicles, with an English Translation, and Notes critical and explanatory. By the Rev. J. Ingram, Fellow of Trinity College, Oxford, and late Saxon Professor in the University of Oxford. To which will be added, a new and copious Chronological, Topographical, and Glossarial Index, with a short Grammar of the Saxon Language, and an accurate and enlarged Map of England during the Heptarchy. In one vol. 4to. Sharon Turner, Esq. F.S.A. is about to publish, in 4to. the third volume of his History of England, embracing the Middle Ages. The Memoirs and Correspondence of Charles A. Stothard, S. A. by his Widow, will be pubScripture History, in Short Poems, for lit-lished very shortly, in one volume 8vo. with a tle children. By a Lady. The Annual Biography and Obituary for the year 1823. Vol. 7. containing Memoirs of celebrated Men who have died in 1821-22. Advice to a Young Mother on the Physical Education of her Children, by a Grandmother, in a duodecimo volume. Four Sermons on the Nature, Evidences, and Authority of the Christian System. By George Cubitt. The Work Table, or Evening Conversations, designed for the improvement and instruction of young persons. By Miss E. A. Soutter, in 2 vols. Part I. of a new and elegant edition of the Welsh Bible in Folio, with Annotations by the Rev. P. Williams, is just published. A Mother's Portrait, &c. by the Surviving Parent. In the Press, the Faith once Delivered to the Saints, defended: being the Substance of three Sermons on the Consistency, Truth, and Importance of the generally received Opinion concerning the Person of Christ. By Wm. France. The 12th number of the Investigator, will appear on the first of April. The Farmer's Directory, part III. price 5s. is in the press, and will be issued immediately. The 12th part of Green's Universal Herbal, will shortly be ready for delivery. Shortly will be published, in 12mo. Memoir and Select Remains of Miss Mary Shenston, who died July 2nd, 1822, in her eighteenth year. By her Brother and Sister. Rural Dialogues; being an interesting conversation between a Farmer and his Friend, Portrait and Fac-similes on Wood of some of his original Sketches, in Letters to his Friends. The Rev. Mr. Bowdler is preparing for the Press a Third Volume of Sermons, in 8vo. Publishing by Subscription, A new and uniform edition (now first collected) of the works of Dr. John Owen, late Vice Chancellor of Oxford, to be comprised in 16 volumes, 8vo. uniform with the recent edition of Bishop Taylor's works. Herveiana, or Graphic and Literary Sketches, illustrative of the Life and Writings of the Rev. James Hervey. Part the second. To which will be annexed, a Collection of his Original Letters. Mr. J. Hughes, author of Hora Britannica, has in the press, An Essay on the Ancient and Present State of the Welsh Language, with particular reference to the Dialects." This essay won the prize at the last Brecon Eisteddvod, or Congress of Bards, held on September 25th and 26th, 1822. LONDON: PRINTED AT THE CAXTON PRESS, BY H FISHER. MEMOIR OF EDWARD JENNER, M.D. (With a Portrait.) If the Romans considered that man worthy of a statue, who by his exertions rescued a single citizen from the grave; what honours are too great for the memory of him, who, by the happiest discovery, and the most liberal communication of it to the public, has saved the lives of millions? Such is the service that has been rendered to mankind by our illustrious countryman, Edward Jenner: and though he did not receive those high distinctions to which his merits had a fair claim, his name is ennobled by the admiration of the world, and it will be held in reverence to the remotest ages. [1823. Jenner repaired to the metropolis, and became a pupil of St. George's Hospital, under the celebrated John Hunter, at the same time with his late zealous friend and able coadjutor Mr. John Ring. Such was the estimation in which the talents of Mr. Jenner were at this time held, not only as a surgeon, but as an intelligent and inquisitive observer of nature, that his sagacious preceptor ventured to recommend him to the admiralty for an appointment in the expedition fitting out to make discoveries in the South Seas. The offer was accordingly tendered to him on the part of government, but, flattering as it was, he declined accepting it; and thus missed the opportunity of accompanying his two friends, Mr. Banks and Dr. Solander, in the first interesting voyage of Captain Cook. Not long after this, another invitation of the most advantageous description was made to him, on the part of the late Warren Hastings, to go out in a me He was born May 17, 1749, at Berkeley, in Gloucestershire, of which parish his father, the Rev. Stephen Jenner, M. A. of Pembroke College, Oxford, was then vicar. The family of Jenner, which is of ancient stand-dical capacity to Bengal; but neither ing in that and the adjacent county of could this alluring prospect tempt him Worcester, has produced several men to leave the land of his fathers; and of eminence, among whom was Dr. such was the influence of the "patria Thomas Jenner, the immediate prede-natale solum," that to the day of his cessor of the pious Dr. George Horne in the presidentship of Magdalen College. Mr. Stephen Jenner had been tutor to the old Earl of Berkeley, who gave him the valuable vicarage which he held till his death; and the whole of that noble house, particularly the late lord, and his brother the admiral, ever retained the warmest attachment to him and his family. The subject of this memoir being a younger son, and intended for the medical profession, did not receive an academical education; which deficiency, however, was well supplied by his father, who was an excellent scholar, and grounded him thoroughly in the classics, after which he was bound apprentice to Mr. Ludlow, then a surgeon at Cirencester, but subsequently a physician at or near Bristol. On the expiration of his articles, young No. 52.-VOL. V. death he could never endure to reside for any length of time at a distance from the place of his birth. Here, on completing his course of surgical and medical studies, he fixed his abode, and entered upon practice, under the auspices of the noble proprietors of Berkeley Castle. His leisure hours were devoted to the study of nature, particularly ornithology, in which branch of knowledge he made some new observations on the habits of the cuckoo. The economy of this singular bird was never ascertained, even by those inquisitive and diligent naturalists, Willoughby and Ray; who may be said to have made the study of animal life, in all its varieties, their undivided object. The result of Mr. Jenner's inquiries was communicated by himself to the Royal Society, and honoured with a place in their Trans U |