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Captain Dalrymple, under the most solemn assurances of being safely brought back and landed at the Bay of Islands. He accordingly embarked with his wife on board the General Wellesley, representing at the same time to Capt. Dalrymple the dangerous consequences of taking the King's daughter from the island; but that fear was quieted by the solemn and repeated assurances of Captain Dalrymple, that he would, at every hazard, reland them at the Bay of Islands, the place from which they embarked. Being at length all on board, the Wellesley sailed for the North Cape, where they soon arrived and landed. Finding that they had been entirely misinformed as to the gold-dust, the Wellesley made sail in order to return to New Zealand; but the wind becoming foul, and continuing so for forty-eight hours, they were driven from the island. On || the third day the wind became more favourable, but Captain Dalrymple did not attempt to regain the island, but stood on for India. Bruce now gently remonstrated, and reminded him of his promises; to which Captain Dalrymple replied :- "That he had something else to think of than to detain the ship by returning with a valuable cargo to the island; besides, he had another and better island in view for him."

On reaching the Feegee, or Sandalwood Islands, Captain Dalrymple asked Bruce if he chose to go on shore and remain there? which he declined, on account of the barbarons and sanguinary disposition of their inhabitants. Captain Dalrymple desired that he would choose for himself; and then took from him several little presents which he himself and his Officers had given him at New Zealand; these now were given to the natives of the islands in the boats then alongside the vessel.

Leaving the Feegee Islands, they steered towards Sooloo, visiting two or three islands in their passage. After remaining four or five days at Sooloo, they sailed for Malacca, where they arrived in December. At Malacca, Captain Dalrymple and Bruce went on shore. The latter was anxious to see the Governor or Commanding Officer, to state his grievances; but as it was late in the evening when he landed, he could not see him till the following morning, by which time Captain Dalrymple had weighed from Malacca Roads, leaving Bruce on shore, and carrying off his wife on board the Wellesley to Penang.

Bruce acquainted the Commanding Officer of Malacca with his case, and expressed his wish to regain his wife, and to return with her to New Zealand. The Commanding Officer endeavoured to console him, desired that he

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would patiently wait at Malacca for a short time, as some ships might probably touch there on their passage from Bengal to New South Wales, by which he would procure a passage for himself and his wife; and that, in the mean time, he would write to Penang, desiring that his wife should be returned to her hus band at Malacca.

After waiting for three or four weeks, ac. counts were received of Captain Dalrymple's arrival at Penang; upon which Bruce obtained the Commanding Officer's permission, and left Malacca, in the Scourge gun-brig, for Penang, where, upon his arrival, he found that his wife had been bartered away to Captain Ross. On waiting upon the Governor of Penang, he was asked what satisfaction he required for the ill treatment he had experienced? Bruce auswered, that all he wanted was to have his wife restored, and to get a passage, if possible, to New Zealand. Through the interference of the Governor his wife was restored to him. With her he returned to Malacca, in hope of the promised passage to New South Wales; but as there was no appearance of the expected ships for that port, he was now promised a passage for himself and his wife to England in one of the homeward-bound Indiamen from China. By getting to England he hoped from thence to find a passage to New South Wales; but the China fleet only anchored in Malacca Roads for a few hours during the night, so that he had no opportunity of proceeding by any of the ships of that fleet. He then entreated the Commanding Officer to get him a passage in the Sir Edward Pellew to Penang, where he hoped to overtake the ludiamen. A passage for himself and his wife was accordingly provided on board the Pellew; and on his arrival at Penang he found the Indiamen standing still there; but he could not be accommodated with a passage to Europe without the payment of four hundred dollars. Not having that sum, and without the means to raise it, he came on with the Sir Edward Pellew to Bengal, where he and his wife, the affectionate companion of his distress, have been most hospitably received, and where their hardships and long sufferings will be soothed and forgotten in the kindness that awaits them. Opportunities will probably occur in the course of a few months, of a passage to New South Wales, from whence they will find no difficulty in regaing in New Zealand.

It was believed that the visit of Tippahce to Port Jackson had partly for its object to inquire after his favourite daughter and bis son in-law, who had been carried so unaccountably from his coast.

As we were unwilling to interrupt the course of the preceding narrative by any matter not immediately connected with the parties, we reserved for this place a short account of the natural productions of New Zealand; an ac count that must be considered as valuable in coming from a man long resident in the country, and who had opportunities of satisfying himself on the points to which he speaks.

Bruce relates, that New Zealand abounds with a great variety of useful timber, among which are the pine and the fir; the forests are of great extent, and may be considered as inexhaustible Flax and heip, which are both indigenous to that country, grow in the utmost profusion. Immense plains are entirely covered with these plants, some of which is cultivated, but much the greater part is of spontancous growth. The tree producing the white benjamin, is also found in many parts of the island.

Mines of different valuable metals are known to exist in the interior. Specimens of their ores have been obtained; but from the total ignorance of the people in metallurgy, or any other art of civilized countries, their mines remain unwrought. Iron ores are found in great abundance, and with these the natives paint both themselves and their canoes.

Cabbages, the common and the sweet po tatoe, yams, parsnips, turnips, carrots, &c. rank among their garden vegetables. They have a plant somewhat resembling a fern, with a large farinaceous root, which, when roasted, is a pleasant, wholesome food, and is a most excellent substitute for bread. They have also fruit trees, some of which are indigenous, others are exotic. The orange and the peach have both been introduced from the Cape of Good Hope, and are in a very thriving way.

Breeds of swine and goats have been lately brought into New Zealand, and are increasing rapidly. Fish they possess in great variety and profusion, and during all the months of the year. In the summer season they are visited by shoals of mackarel; and during the winter their coasts are frequented by immense quantities of herrings.

The island is watered by many fine rivers, which abound with fish, some of which are well known in Europe, while others seem peculiar to the countries in the Southern Ocean. The shores of the rivers and their lakes are frequented by wild geese and wild ducks; but it is remarkable that they have no tame webfooted birds. The only quadruped on the land is a kind of fox, and their only reptile a dull sluggish lizard.

SOME ACCOUNT OF A BOOK ENTITLED

THE REGULATIONS AND ESTABLISHMENT OF HENRY A. PERCY,

THE FIFTH EARL OF NORTHUMBERLAND.

BEGUN IN 1512.

price of commodities. A few of them are extracted from that piece, which gives a true picture of ancient manners, and is one of the most singular monuments that English antiquity affords us; for we may be confident, however rude the strokes, that no Baron's fa

The original manuscript is in folio, on || rude, not to say barbarous age, as well as the strong thick paper. In the year 1770, the then Duke of Northumberland caused it to be printed in one volume octavo, containing 505 pages, with an excellent preface. The book is an exact copy of the MS. both in style and orthography, and even the very errors: there are no points or stops in the original, there-mily was on a nobler or more splendid footing. fore none in the printed copy, but the want of them is occasionally supplied by the proper disposal of the capital letters. The only innovation is the subjoining to some articles the algebraic mark of equation, not then known. All numbers are expressed not by figures but by numerical letters. There are frequent arithmetical mistakes, and the sum total does not always agree with the enumeration of the articles; these are left as they stand in the

MS.

It contains many curious particulars, which mark the manners and way of living in that

The family consists of 166 persons, masters and servants; 57 strangers are reckoned upon every day; on the whole 223. Twopence halfpenny are supposed to be the daily expence of each for meat, drink, and firing. The preface says:

"A thousand pounds was the sum assigned for keeping my Lord's house. The number of persons was 166; £6: 0:51 each person annually, or 2s. 3d. weekly. At a time when wheat was sold at 58. 8d per quarter, £5: 0:51 would purchase just 22 quarter 3 bushels of wheat; which, at 55. a bushel now (in 1770),

ACCOUNT OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE EARL OF NORTHUMBERLAND.

would cost £44: 17: 6.

Consequently at this estimate the annual proportion to each person then was nearly equivalent to £45 per aunum of our present money: a very great allowance to be distributed through so large a family as that of the Earl's household.”

231

pence; forty lambs at a shilling. These seem to be reserved for my Lord's table, or that of the upper servants, called the knight's table; the other servants, as they eat salted meat almost through th: whole year, and with few or No vegetables, had a very bad and unhealthy diet. So that there can be nothing more erro neous than the magnificent ideas of the Roast

At this time (May 1810) the average price of the best wheat at the London corn-market is about £5 per quarter, or 12s. 6d. per bushel, || Beef of Old England. which makes the annual allowance to each person about £114, or near nineteen thousand

We must entertain as mean an idea of its cleanliness. Only seventy ells of linen, at

pounds of our present money for the 166 per-eightpence an ell, are annually allowed for this sons in the family.

great family. No sheets were used. This linen was made into eight table-cloths for my Lord's table and a table-cloth for the knights. This last, I suppose, was only washed once a month. Only forty shillings are allowed for washing throughout the whole year; and most of it seems expended on the linen belonging to the chapel.

The whole expence of the Earl's family is managed with an exactness that is very rigid, and if we make no allowance for ancient inanDers, such as may seem to border ou an extreme; insomuch, that the number of pieces which must be cut out of every quarter of beef, || mutton, pork, veal, nay stock-fish and salmon, are determined, and must be entered and accounted for by the different clerks appointedly, ten tuns and two hogsheads of Gascony for that purpose.

If a servant be absent a day his mess is struck off. If he go on my Lord's business, boardwages are allowed him; eightpence a day for his journey in winter, and fivepence in summer: when he stays in any place, twopence a day are allowed him, beside the maintenance of his horse.

Somewhat above a quarter of wheat is allowed for every month throughout the year, and the wheat is estimated at five shillings and eightpence a quarter. Two hundred and fifty quarters of malt are allowed, at four shillings quarter. Two hogsheads are to be made of a quarter, which amounts to about a bottle and a third of beer a day to each person, and the beer will not be very strong.

||

One hundred and nine fat beeves are to be bought at All-hallow-tide, at thirteen shillings || and fourpence a piece; and twenty-four lean beeves to be bought at St. flelen's, at eight shillings a piece. These are to be put into the pastures to feed; and are to serve from Midsummer to Michaelmas, which is consequently the only time that the family eats fresh beef. During all the rest of the year they live on salted meat.

One hundred and sixty gallons of mustard are allowed in a year; which seems indeed requisite for the salt beef. Six hundred and forty-seven sheep are allowed, at twenty-pence each; and these seem also to be all eat salted, except between Lammas and Michael

mas.

Only twenty-five hogs are allowed, at two shillings each; twenty-eight veals at twenty

The drinking, however, was tolerable, name

wine, at the rate of £4. 13: 4 a tun; only ninety-one dozen of candles for the whole year.

The family rose at six in the morning, dined at ten, and supped at four in the afternoon. The gates were all shut at nine, and no further ingress nor egress were per mitted.

My Lord and Lady have set on their table for breakfast, at seven o'clock in the morning, a quart of beer, as much wine, two pieces of salt fish, six red-herrings, four white ones, and a dish of sprats. On flesh-days half a chyne of mutton, or a chyne of beef boiled.

Mass is ordered to be said at six o'clock, in order, says the household book, that all my Lord's servants may rise early.

Only twenty-four fires are allowed, besides the kitchen and hall, and most of these have only a peck of coals a day allowed them. After Lady-day no fires are permitted in the rooms except half-fires to my Lord's and Lady's, and Lord Percy's and the nursery.

It is to be observed that my Lord kept house in Yorkshire, where there is certainly much cold weather after Lady-day. Eighty chaldrons of coals, at four shillings and twopence a chaldron, suffices throughout the whole year; and because coal will not burn without wood, says the household book, sixtyfour loads of great wood are also allowed, at twelve-pence a load. This is a proof that grates were not then used.

Here is an article" It is devised that from henceforth no capons to be bought but only for my lord's wa mess, and that the said ca

pons be bought for two-pence a picee, lean and fed in the poultry: and master chamberlain and stewards be fed with capons, if there be strangers sitting with them." Pigs are to be bought at threepence or a groat a-piece; geese at the same price, chickens at a halfpenny, hens at twopence, and only for the above mentioned tables.

Here is another article-" Item, it is thought good that no plovers be bought at no season but only in Christmas and principal feasts, and my Lord to be served therewith, and his board end, and no other, and to be bought for a penny a-piece, or a penny halfpenny at the Woodcocks are to be bought at the same price, partridges at twopence, pheasants at a shilling, peacocks the same."

most.

One cart suffices for his kitchen utensils, cooks' beds, &c.

One remarkable circumstance is, that he has seven priests in his house, besides seventeen persons, chanters, musicians, &c. belonging to his chapel; yet he has only two cooks for a family of two hundred and twenty-three perBut in p. 383, mention is made of four cooks. Perhaps the two servants, called in p. 325, groom of the larder, and child of the scullery, are, in p. 388, comprehended in the number of cooks.

sons.

Their meals were certainly dressed in the slovenly manner of a ship's company. It is amusing to observe the pompous and even royal style assumed by this Tartar Chief: he does not give any orders, though only for the right making of mustard, but it is used with this preample :

:

"It seemeth good to us and our council." If we consider the magnificent and elegant manner in which the Venetian and other Italan noblemen lived, with the progress madeby the Italians in literature and the fine arts, we shall not wonder that they considered the ultramountaine nations as barbarous. The Flemish also seem to have much excelled the English and even the French.

My Lord keeps only twenty-seven horses at his own charge; his upper servants have allowance for maintaining their own horses. These horses are, six gentle horses, as they are called, at hay and hard meat throughout the year; four palfreys, three hobbies and nags, three sumpter horses; six horses for those servants for whom my Lord furnishes a horse, two sumpter horses more, and three mill-liorses, two for carrying the corn, and one for grinding it; whence we may infer that mills, either water or wind-mills, were then unknown, at least very rare. Besides these, there are seven great trotting horses for the chariot or waggon. He allows a peck of oats a day, besides loaves made of beans, for his principal horses, the oats at twenty-pence, the beans at two shillings a quarter. The load of hay is at two shillings and eight-pence. When my Lord is on a journey he carries thirty-six horses along with him, together with bed and other accommodation. The inns, it seems could afford nothing toler-1577. able.

an.

Yet the Earl is sometimes not deficient in generosity; he pays, for instance, an nual pension of a groat a year, to my Lady of Walsingham, for her interest in heaven; and the same sum to the holy blood at Hales.

No mention is any where made of plate, but only of the hiring of pewter vessels. The servants seem all to have bought their own clothes from their wages. Neither is any glass mentioned. It only came into use about

Specimens of the Spelling: - "Rewards to My Lord passes the year in three country-Playars for Playes playd in Christymas by seats, all in Yorkshire; Wrysel, Leckenfield, || Stranegers in my house after xx d. every Play and Topcliffe; but he has furniture only for by estimation. Somme xxxiii s. iiijd. in full he carries every thing along with him, coutentaction of the said rewardys.” beds, tables, chairs, kitchen utensils, all which we may conclude were so coarse that they could not be spoiled by the carriage; yet seventeen earts and one waggon suffices for the whole.

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Every rokker in the nurcy shall have by yere xx s."

The Earl was born in 1477, was a Knight of the Garter, and died in 1527.

SOME CURIOUS AND INTERESTING FACTS RELATIVE TO BRITISHI

PLANTS.

BY ROBERT JOHN THORNTON, M.D.

[Continued from Page 190.]

CLASS I. MONANDRIA.-ORDER I.[[themselves as to convert a pond at length into a morass, and that again into meadowland.

MONQGONIA.

JOINTED GLASS-WORT, or MARSH

SAMPHIRE (Salicornia Europæa). Salicor.

MONOGYNIA.

PRIVET (Ligustrum vulgare). Privet, which, on account of the slenderness and flexibility of the twigs, and shining green colours of the leaves, is frequently employ

mia furnishes an alcaline salt, and is burnt CLASS II. DEANDRIA.-ORDER I. into kelp for the purpose of making glass. It is sometimes used too in pickles, as a substitute for the common samphire, the Crithmum maritimum of Linnæus, to which, however, it is greatly inferior, nor bears any resemblance. It has a salt anded as a convenient arbour in gardens, somewhat pungent taste, but no smell. Bergius affirms it to be antiscorbutic.

The propriety of the name Glass wort is sufficiently evinced by what has been just mentioned of the use to which the plant in question is applied. The epithet jointed serves to distinguish it from a prickly plant of the same name and economical use, the Salfola kali of Linné. Salicornia and Saltwort are names sufficiently expressive, both of its sensible qualities and of the horned structure of the joints; and the appellation Marsh-samphire, whilst it indicates the substitution of the plant to which it gives name for the common sampire, furnishes likewise a mark from situation, by which, independently of scientific characters, it may always be distinguished from it; the former growing invariably on the beech, the latter on rocky cliffs, and generally not accessible but with danger : "Half way down “Hangs one that gathers Samphire; dreadful

trade!"

SHAKESPEARE'S LEAR,

ORDER II. DIGYNIA. VERNAL STAR-WORT (Stellaria vel callitriche verna). This plant is partly immersed in water, and partly rises above it. The upper leaves spread out in the form of a star. Callitriche means beautiful hair, and is expressive either of the conformation of the leaves, or the fine capilary roots of the plant, which, according to Dr. Darwin, so increase and extend No. V. Vol. I.-N. S.

where it likewise formas a beautiful and commodious hedge. The leaves of the Privet have an acrid and somewhat bitter taste, and have been esteemed cleansing and astringent. The flowers have a strong and disagreeable smell. Ray observes that the berries might be made useful in dying.

ENCHANTER'S NIGHT-SHADE

(Circea latetiana). Circe, the enchantress, aunt to the celebrated Medea, and whose cups proved so fatal to the compaThe circumstance probably arose from the nions of Ulysses, gives name to this genus. suspicious qualities attributed to the plants which compose it: and this seems only a slanderous imputation, proceeding from the

similarity of the leaves to those of

Night-shade.

MALE SPEEDWELL (Veronica officinalis). In some parts of Europe, particularly Germany, Sweden, and France, where this plant still maintains its reputation, the leaves are, in gravelly complaints, used in infusion like tea; hence the name of European tea, by which it is generally known on the Continent. A German, named Franck, first introduced it to notice in this form, and wrote a particular treatise on its virtues. Dr. Scopoli affirms that he cured a friend of a dangerous catarrhal suffocation, by introducing into the mouth, through a funnel, the vapour of a decoc tion of Veronica mixed with a little vinegar. Hh

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