But their zeal for the temple being that had brought most of them back again into Judea, the rebuilding of this was what they had their hearts most intent upon. And there

which

Cyrus 3.

An. 534.

* An explanation of the Ichnography of the Temple of Jerusalem.

AAAA The outer wall of the Temple, which was a square of five hundred cubits on every side, i. e. two thousand in the whole circuit. It was twenty-five cubits high measuring on the inside, which was the size of all other the walls of the temple, as well in the inner part as the outer, excepting only that of the Chel; every cubit was a foot and an half. B The east gate or gate of Shusham. CC The shops where wine, ol, salt, meal, and other things used in the sacrifices were sold; with chambers over on either side. D The north gate called Tedi. EE The porter's lodges, and chambers over on either side. Between this gate and the western corner upon a jetting out of the mountain stood the castle Antania, formerly called Baris, where the Romans kept a garrison to overawe the temple; from hence the captain of it was called the captain of the temple, Luke xxii. 52; Acts iv, 1. It was a square pile two furlongs in compass, standing at a little distance from the temple wall, and from which there was a passage by stairs down into the cloisters at the north-west corner, through which the soldiers ran down to appease the tumult risen about Paul, Acts xxi, 32, and from which Paul spoke to the people, v. 40. FF The two gates in the south side, called the gates of Huldah. G The porter's lodges, and chambers over on either side. H The gate Challecheth or Coponius on the west side. I The gate Parbor on the same side. K The porter's lodges, and chambers over on either side of the said two gates. L The two gates of Asuppim on the same west side. M The rooms and chambers over on either side of the said two gates, where a treasury of the temple was kept; the pile of each gate was fifteen cubits broad and thirty high, and the entrance ten cubits broad and twenty cubits high. And all the gates, as well in the inner parts of the temple as the outer, were every one of them of the same size. N The portico or cloisters round the temple, that on the south side was called the royal cloisters, because of its largeness, for it contained three isles, the middle forty-two cubits and an half broad and fifty cubits high; the other two, each fifteen cubits broad, and twenty-five cubits high, which was the size of all the other cloisters of this court; that on the east side was called Solomon's porch, because it stood upon that vast terrace which Solomon built up from the valley beneath, of four hundred cubits height, which was the only work of Solomon's temple that remained in our Saviour's time, and therefore it was called Solomon's porch or cloister, John x, 23; Acts iii, 11. O The outer court of the temple called the court of the Gentiles. P The outer enclosure of the inner courts, being a wall curiously wrought of three cubits height, within which no Gentile was to enter, or any polluted with the dead. Q The wall enclosing the inner court of the temple. R The space between the said wall and the outer enclosure ten cubits broad, called the Chel. S The stairs on the east end leading from the court of the Gentiles into the Chel, consisting of fourteen steps, each nine inches high. T The stairs from the Chel into the court of the women, consisting of five steps, each nine inches high. V The gate entering into the court of the women on the east, called the beautiful gate of the temple, Acts iii, 2, because of its sumptuousness and beautiful adornments. W Other two gates entering into the court of the women, one on the south, and the other on the north. X The court of the women; so called, because thus far the women might enter to worship, but not further; it was one hundred and thirty-five cubits square. Y Cloisters on three sides of the court of the women, over which

fore having employed the first years in preparing materials, and contracting with carpenters and masons for the work, in the second month of the second year they laid the foundation of the house; which was done with great solemnity: for Zerubbabel the governour, and Jeshua the high priest, being present, with all the

were galleries for the women. ZZ Two rooms under the floor of the court of Israel, where the musicians did lay up their instruments.

1, 2, 3, 4. Four smaller courts in the four corners of the court of the women, each forty cubits long, and thirty broad. 1 Where the Nazarites performed what the law required. 2 Where the wood for the altar was wormed by the blemished priests before it was used. 3 Where the leper was cleansed. 4 Where the wine and oil was laid up for the use of the altar in cellars built round it on the inside. 5 The treasury chests, where our Saviour saw the widow cast in her two mites, he then sitting on the bench in the cloisters. For all the cloisters of the temple had benches next the inner wall for the people to sell in this court as well as in the outer. And of some place nigh these chests is it to be understood where our Saviour is said to preach in the treasury, John viii, 20. 6 The semi-circular stairs leading up from the court of the women to the great brazen gate, consisting of fifteen steps. 7 The great brazen gate, or the gate Nicanor, leading into the inner court, in which the temple and altar stood, which court represented the tabernacle, and contained that part which was properly called the sanctuary; it was one hundred and thirty-five cubits in breadth, and one hundred and eighty-seven in length. 8 The wall parting the sanctuary from the court of the women. 9 The place within the sanctuary, properly called the court of Israel: for here stood the stationary men who represented the whole people of Israel at all times of public worship, and hither came up all other Israelites when they had any sacrifice to be offered the ordinary place where all the rest worshipped was in the court of the women, the men on the floor, and the women in the galleries.) It contained the first isle of the double cloisters on the east end, and both the single cloisters on the north and south sides 10 The place properly called the court of the priests, it contained the second isle of the double cloisters at the east end of the sanctuary the first two cubits of its breadth next the court of Israel were taken up by the desks of the singers and musicians, the other part was the place where the priests did worship that were out of attendance. 11 The king's seat near the pillar, 2 Chron. vi, 13; xxviii, 13. 12 Winding stairs leading up to the rooms over the gate Nicanor, that on the right hand to the wardrobe, where the vestments for the priests were kept, and that on the left to the room where were provided the cake for the high priest's daily meat-offering. 13 The room Gazeth, where the Sanhedrim sat, part was within the sanctuary and part without; the Sanhedrim sat in that part which was without. 14 The well-room, where was a well from whence water was drawn for the use of the temple. 15 Three gates leading into the sanctuary on the south side, the first next the draw-well room was from thence called the well-gate, over which was the room of Aslines where the incense was made, the second was the gate of Firstlings, and third the gate of Kindling 16 The wood-room; where the wood for the altar, after it had been wormed was laid ready for use; over it was the chamber of the high priest called Paradrin, where he held the council of the temple. 17 A guard room for the Levites. 18 A treasury room. 19 The common fire-room and chief guard-room for the Levites. 20 The common fire-room and chief guard-room for the priests. 21 A stone in the middle of the said room, under which the keys of the temple were laid every night. 22 The

Ezra iii, 7.

h Ezra iii, 8-10, &c.

congregation, the trumpeters blew their trumpets, and musicians sounded their instruments, and singers sung, all in praise to the Lord their God, and all the rest of the people shouted for joy, while the first stones were laid; only the old men, who had seen the glory of the first temple, and had no expectation that this, which was now a building by a few poor exiles lately returned into their country, could ever equal

room where the lambs for the daily sacrifice were kept. 23 The bathroom, where the priests bathed on their contracting uncleanness. 24 The room where the shew-bread was made. 25 The room where the stones of the altar polluted by Antiochus were laid up by the Maccabees. 26 Three gates on the north side leading into the sanctuary; the first towards the east end called the gate Nitzotz, or of singing; the second the gate of women, and the gate Corban. 27 The room where the salt was kept for the service of the altar. 28 The room where the skins of the sacrifices were laid up. 29 The room where the inwards of the sacrifices were washed. 30 Another guard room for the Levites, over which was a guard chamber for the priests. 31 The room where the priest was set apart seven days, that was to burn the red cow. 32 Ringles, where the sacrifices were tied down to be slain. 33 Eight posts on which the sacrifices were hung up to be flayed. 34 Marble tables where the sacrifices were cut out in pieces. 35 The altar of burnt-offerings twenty-four cubits square at the top, and thirtytwo at the bottom. 36 The ascent to the altar, being thirty-two cubits long. 37 The marble tables where the pieces of the sacrifices were laid that were ready for the altar. 38 The brazen sea. 39 The stairs up into the porch, being twelve in number. 40 The entrance into the porch, twenty cubits broad and forty high.

a The two pillars, Fachin and Boaz, standing in the entrance. The porch, eleven cubits broad, and sixty long. cc The room where the butchering instruments used about the sacrifices were laid up. d The outer wall of the porch. e The inner wall of the porch. The gate from the porch into the holy place. g The wicket through which the priest went to unbar the gate on the inside, for the opening of it in the morning, and come out after having barred it in the evening. h The holy place, twenty cubits broad and forty long, in which were i The candlestick having seven lamps; The shew-bread table; The altar of incense. m The holy of holies twenty cubits square, in which were n The ark of the covenant. The two Cherubims ten cubits high, with their faces inwards. and their wings extended to each other over the ark and to the walls on either side. p The vail of the temple parting between the holy and the holy of holies, which was rent in pieces at our Saviour's death. The treasury rooms on the sides and west end of the temple, three stories high, in which the tithes were laid up. r The passages into the said rooms. The galleries running before them. The winding stair-cases leading into the upper story, u Winding stairs leading up into the rooms over the porch and temple. sw The Пpy or wings of the temple stretching out on either side. The length of the temple from out to out was one hundred cubits. The breadth of the temple at the Ispigion from out to out one hundred cubits, the breadth of the temple beyond the Пrepúg from out to out seventy cubits, the height of the temple one hundred cubits. The height of the IT one hundred and twenty cubits, at the top of which it was that the devil did set our Saviour. Matt. iv, 5.

Delineated and described according to the Scriptures, Josephus, and the Talmud, by H. PRIDEAUX, D. D. dean of Norwich.

that, which had all the riches of David and Solomon, two of the wealthiest princes of the east, expended in the erecting of it, wept at the remembrance of the old temple, while others rejoiced at the laying the foundations of the new. And indeed the difference between the former temple and this, which was now a building, was so great, that God himself tells the prophet Haggai, that the latter, in comparison with the former, was as nothing; so much did it come short of it. But this is not to be understood of its bigness: for the second temple was of the same dimensions with the first; it being built upon the very same foundations, and therefore it was exactly of the same length and breadth. Cyrus' commission may seem to make it broader; for that allows sixty cubits to its breadth; whereas Solomon's temple, is said to have been but1 twenty cubits in breadth. But these different measures are to be understood in respect of the different distances between which the said measures were taken. The twenty cubits breadth, said of Solomon's temple, was only the breadth of the temple itself, measuring from the inside of the wall on the one side, to the inside of the wall on the other side. But the sixty cubits breadth in Cyrus' commission was the breadth of the whole building, measuring from the inside of the outer wall of it on the one side, to the inside of the outer wall on the other side. Form besides the temple itself, which contained the holy place, and the holy of holies, each twenty cubits broad, there were thick walls enclosing it on each side, and without them chambers on each side; then another wall, then a gallery, and then the outer walls of all enclosing the whole building, being five cubits thick; which altogether made up the whole breadth to be seventy cubits from out to out; from which deducting the five cubits breadth of the outer wall on each side, you have remaining the breadth of Cyrus' commission, that is, sixty cubits; which was the breadth of the whole building from the inside of one outer wall to the inside of the other. So that the difference of the

i Haggai ii, 3. k Ezra vi, 3.

1 1 Kings vi, 2. 2 Chron. iii, 3. m See Lightroot of the Temple.

said twenty cubits breadth, and of the said sixty cubits breadth, is no more than this, that one of them was measured from the inside to the inside of the inner walls, and the other from the inside to the inside of the outer walls of the said temple.

But the glory of Solomon's temple was not in the temple itself, much less in the bigness of it; for that alone, was but a small pile of building, as containing no more than one hundred and fifty feet in length, and one hundred and five in breadth, taking the whole of it together from out to out; which is exceeded by many of our parish churches. The main grandeur and excellency of it consisted, 1st, In its ornaments, its workmanship being every where exceeding curious, and its overlayings vast and prodigious: for the overlaying of the holy of holies only, which was a room but thirty feet square, and thirty feet high, amounted to six hundred talents of gold, which comes to four millions three hundred and twenty thousand pounds of our sterling money. 2dly, In its materials; for Solomon's temple was all built of new large stones, hewn out in the most curious and artful manner; whereas the second temple was mostly built of such stones only as they dug up out of the ruins of the former. 3dly, In its out-buildings; for the court, in which the temple stood, and that without it called the court of the women, were built round with stately buildings and cloisters; and the gates entering thereinto were very beautiful, and sumptuous; and the outer court, which was a large square encompassing all the rest, of seven hundred and fifty feet on every side, was surrounded with a most stately and magnificent cloister, sustained by three rows of pillars on three sides of it, and by four on the fourth: and all the out-buildings then lay in their rubbish, without any prospect of a speedy reparation; and there could then be no such`ornaments or materials in this new temple, as there were in the former. In process of time indeed, all the outbuildings were restored, and such ornaments and materials were added, on Herod's repairing of it, that the second temple, after that, came little short herein

• 2 Chron. iii, 8.