an obstinate resistance. The fall of this town completely exposes Erzerum, the capital of the province, to the attack of the invaders, placing the Asiatic empire of the Turks in equal danger with the European. The French government has decided upon sending an expedition to the Morea, to be composed of eighteen battalions of infantry, a regiment of chasseurs, and a detachment of artillery. A part of the French garrison at Cadiz will join the expedition which is destined to complete the freedom of the Morea; Ibraham Pacha being already reduced to great straits for want of provisions, while whole troops of Albanians were frequently leaving him, and returning to their own country. The Russian fleet, in its passage down the Channel, encountered a tremendous storm near the Scilly Islands; and it is greatly apprehended that the Admiral's ship perished in the gale, with all hands on board, no tidings of her having been received since that period. AUSTRIA. The government of this country continues jealously to watch the movements of her neighbours. Her army has been again increased, twenty-five men being added to every squadron of cavalry and company of infantry, and the whole put upon the most effective footing. THE LATE ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY. IT was with no common feelings of regret, that we recorded in our last Number the death of one, whose preeminence, not less in the promotion of works of benevolence and piety, than in station, it had long been our duty and our pleasure to notice the late venerable and venerated ARCHBISHOP of CANTERBURY. It was no ordinary loss that the Church of England sustained, when deprived of a Primate, who, during a presidency of unusual duration, had been at once its ornament and its support. We are persuaded, therefore, that we shall pay, though a humble, yet not an unbecoming tribute of respect and gratitude to the memory of departed virtue, and at the same time present an acceptable offering to our readers, if to the statement already given by us of the course through which the late Metropolitan passed to the primacy, we add such a sketch of the leading features of his character, as may at least represent him faithfully in part, however far it fall short of an adequate and perfect portraiture. That discriminating judgment by which George the Third was distinguished, in the selection of persons qualified to be the ministers of good to his people, was never more clearly evinced than in the choice of Dr. Manners Sutton to occupy the highest station in the Church. Placed as this eminent person was, in the Deanery of Windsor, under the immediate and continual observation of His Majesty, he had the happiness, not by any unworthy arts, or base compliances, (which, disgraceful in all, assume a deeper dye of guilt in the ministers of religion,) but by the fair display of his genuine excellencies, to win the royal favour and esteem in a singular degree. The general opinion indeed of intelligent and observing men had, from an early period of his life, marked him out as likely to rise to the first rank in his profession: and, in particular, he had been pointedly eulogized, and expressly designated to the Primacy, by an author, whose production, though anonymous, engaged an extraordinary share of the public attention, and exercised, it is not too much to say, no inconsiderable influence upon the public feeling. Still, it is more than probable, that, but for the firmness of the King in adhering to a preference wisely and deliberately entertained, the general voice would not have been confirmed by the That it was so confirmed, the experience of three and twenty years has given the Church ample reason to rejoice, and be thankful. Deeply imbued with a spirit of fervent, yet sound and sober piety; happily combining quick sightedness with prudence, caution with decision; liberal in his views, and benevolent in his feelings, but uncompromising in principle, and incapable of being either seduced, or terrified, from the straight course of duty; adorned besides these high endowments with manners, in which sweetness and event. *The Pursuits of Literature. dignity, conciliation and command, were blended with a felicity peculiarly his own; the late Archbishop was indeed eminently qualified for the government of the Church, in times, when, from its internal as well as external circumstances, the reins demanded a delicate and gentle, no less than a strong and steady hand. We have said that he was cautious: he was so habitually, and upon principle; as always bearing in mind how great a state depended upon his proceedings; and that the consequences of any false step taken by him must affect, not so much his own interests, as those of the Church committed to his superintendence, and ultimately the cause of pure religion in general. But when once his line of conduct was determinately marked out, he adhered to it with a tenacity of purpose, which was grounded on the consciousness of wise and honest counsels. In an age fruitful, beyond all that had gone before it, in specious theories, and ambitious pretensions, it was particularly necessary that the first Prelate of the Church of England should be vigilant and careful; and regard with a scrutinizing, and almost jealous eye, each new scheme of popular improvement, for which his countenance was solicited. But once persuaded that a plan was worthy of his patronage, as founded upon right principles, and calculated to be extensively beneficial, the Archbishop pursued it with an earnestness, and supported it with a vigour, which, even independently of his rank, would have entitled him to take the lead in its promotion and management. That this eulogy is not misplaced, will be readily acknowledged by all, who have had opportunities of observing the constant and unwearied attention paid by him to the business of those societies, which he believed to be favourable to the maintenance of sound doctrine and discipline in the Church, and to the real advancement of religion. The judgment and temper in which, when presiding at the meetings held for the conduct of that business, he exercised authority without harshness, controul without offence; the quickness with which he divested each question of irrelevant matter, and at once apprehended and brought forward its leading points; the patience with which he listened to the suggestions of others, and the impressive perspicuity with which he delivered his own opinion, will not easily be forgotten by those who were in the habit of witnessing them. It was then that he put forth claims to admiration and respect, which could not but be admitted; it was then that he stood forward, in the eyes of all, like a great Churchman of former days, as "Exceeding wise, fair-spoken, and per suading." That these societies flourished abundantly under his presidency; that they attained to a height of reputation and efficiency unknown before; cannot at least be disputed. The general advancement, indeed, of the Church, both with regard to its own state, and to the public estimation, which, during the course of his long life, it had been permitted to him to see, was a theme upon which he was accustomed to speak with peculiar satisfaction and thankfulness; and this without any reference whatever to his own merits. But even had he claimed honour to himself, as having been, in no inconsiderable degree, instrumental to that improvement, it would have been no unwarrantable pretension"Ut jure sit gloriatus, marmoream se relinquere, quam lateritiam accepisset. Tutam verò, quantum provideri humanâ ratione potuit, etiam in posterum præstitit." The wisdom and piety with which he expressed himself on this subject, were worthy of his profession and character. Providence, he used to say, would assuredly preserve the Church, if the Church were not wanting to itself. The closing years of the Archbishop's life brought with them a severe trial of bodily suffering, which he bore with a patience truly Christian, and strongly illustrative of the faith and hope which were in him. But though his body sank under the pressure, the energies of his mind continued unimpaired, and his activity unabated. He still devoted himself to the assiduous discharge of his duties, and disdained to purchase prolonged existence at the price of inefficiency. When entreated to spare himself, and husband the resources of constitution which still remained to him, by retiring in part from business, and availing himself of the ease which he had so well earned, his answer was, "For what then should I be good? I desire to live no longer than I can be useful?" 'Terar dum prosim,' and 'Better wear out than rust out,' appeared to be the mottoes which, like other eminent men before him, he had adopted. Those who, only a few weeks before his death, heard him deliver his sentiments, with his usual impressiveness, at the public meeting held for the establishment of King's College, London (an institution in which he took the warmest interest, and to which he was a munificent contributor), little thought what that effort cost him. Almost to the very last, he displayed an activity of intellect, and a buoyancy of spirit, which raised hopes that he might yet be spared to his family and the Church, and deceived every one, except himself. Of his approaching dissolution, he himself had been for some time fully aware; he had prepared himself for it; and awaited, with calm submission and humble confidence, the hour when the Lord, whose minister he was, would "let his servant depart in peace;" and peaceful was his departure hence. With a munificence unprecedented in the annals of the See, the Archbishop bequeathed his options to his successor, of whom it becomes us not to say more, than (what strictly belongs to our subject, and of which we are well assured) that had it rested with himself to provide for the filling of his place, he would have made no other appointment. It pleased the All-wise Dispenser of each man's probation, that the lot of this eminent ruler in the house of God, should be cast in times when the Church of England, though very far from being without its enemies or its dangers, was yet permitted to enjoy a large measure of peace and prosperity. But even in these times, there were occasions for proving the moral courage of its chief Prelate; and they who know what he was, cannot doubt but that, had his faith and constancy been subjected to a severer test, he would have shewn himself no unworthy follower of the most illustrious of his suffering predecessors of Cranmer, of Laud, of Sancroft. He came to his grave in a full age, like as a shock of corn cometh in his season." His memory is honoured by all who were qualified to estimate his worth; and in the list of those wise and good men, who have adorned and upheld our Sion, stands enrolled for ever the name of ARCHBISHOP SUTTON. ECCLESIASTICAL INTELLIGENCE. The KING has been pleased to empower the Dean and Chapter of the Metropolitical Church of CANTERBURY, to elect an Archbishop of that See, the same being void by the death of the Most Reverend CHARLES MANNERS SUTTON, D.D.; and HIS MAJESTY has also been pleased to recommend to the said Dean and Chapter, the Right Reverend WILLIAM HOWLEY, D.D. Bishop of LONDON, to be by them elected Archbishop of the said See of CANTERBURY. The KING has been pleased to empower the Dean and Chapter of the Cathedral Church of St. Paul, LONDON, to elect a Bishop of that See, the same being void by the translation of the Most Reverend WILLIAM HOWLEY, D.D. to the Archbishoprick of CANTERBURY; and HIS MAJESTY has also been pleased to recommend to the said Dean and Chapter the Right Reverend CHARLES JAMES BLOMFIELD, D.D. to be by them elected Bishop of the said See of LONDON. The KING has been pleased to empower the Dean and Chapter of the Cathedral Church of CHESTER, to elect a Bishop of that See, the same being void by the translation of the Right Reverend CHARLES JAMES BLOMFIELD, D. D. to the See of London; and HIS MAJESTY has also been pleased to recommend to the said Dean and Chapter, the Reverend JOHN BIRD SUMNER, D.D. to be by them elected Bishop of the said See of Chester. CONFIRMATION OF THE ELECTION OF HIS GRACE THE ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY. On Friday the 15th of August, 1828, the ceremony of the confirmation of the election of his Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury took place in the parish Church of St. Maryle-Bow, Cheapside, where the ancient Archiepiscopal Court of Canterbury used formerly to be held. The congé d'élire having appeared in the Gazette, and the Dean and Chapter of Canterbury, in conformity with the recommendation to which the Royal Sign Manual was affixed, having proceeded to elect the Right Reverend Father in God, WILLIAM HOWLEY, D.D. Lord Bishop of London, the election was certified to his Grace; and he having consented to accept it, both these preliminary steps were certified to HIS MAJESTY, who gave his assent to the nomination under the Great Seal, which was exhibited to four Bishops specially appointed for the purpose, with the royal commands to confirm the election of the Archbishop. The Bishops subscribed to their "fiat confirmatio," and gave a commission under their respective Episcopal Seals to the Vicar-General of the Archdiocese of Canterbury, to perfect the confirmation of the Archbishop. These preliminary measures having been previously completed, the Vicar-General issued his citation, summoning all opposers of the election to meet on Friday morning the 15th of August, at Bow Church, and to show cause, if any they could exhibit, why the election of the Dean and Chapter of Canterbury should not be confirmed. This was done by appointment of the Arches Court, by proclamation three times within the Church, a notice to the same effect being affixed to the Church door, and an authenticated certificate presented to the Bishops appointed to confirm the election. At a little before eleven o'clock his Grace the Archbishop arrived at the Church, and was immediately followed by the Bishops named in the Commission, accompanied by Dr. ARNOLD, the Vicar-General of the Archdiocese of Canterbury, Drs. PHILLIMORE, LEE, DODGSON, and other officials of the Archdiocese. The Commissioners under the Great Seal were,-the Bishops of WINCHESTER, CHESTER, CHICHESTER, OXFORD, and ROCHESTER, the official Sub-Dean of the Archdiocese. There were besides twelve Proctors in their robes, Dr. GoODENOUGH, Head Master of Westminster School, the Rev. Mr. VAUX, Chaplain to the late Archbishop, and a number of other Clergymen. They remained some time in the Vestry Room, during which period Dr. ARNOLD, who acted as Proctor for the Dean and Chapter of Canterbury, exhibited his proxy from that body, and then presented their return to the congé d'élire, in which they declared that they had elected Dr. WILLIAM HOWLEY, Bishop of London, to the Archiepiscopal See; and having returned the citation, desired that if any persons opposed the election, they might now be called to come forward and state their reasons. The Court was then adjourned into the Church. They entered it as follows:-The Archbishop Elect, with a small book in his hand containing the prayers and ceremonies for the occasion. His Grace took his seat in one of the centre pews alone-then followed the Apparitor of the Court of Arches-next, the Bishops of WINCHESTER, CHESTER, OXFORD, and ROCHESTER, and to their Lordships succeeded the Doctors, Proctors, and Clergymen. On their arrival in the Church, the Litany was read.-The Bishops Commissioners then left their pews, and took their seats round a table in the middle aisle.-The Bishop of WINCHESTER, presiding in an armed chair, with his back to the Altar, read the appointment under the Commission from the Great Seal, and some other documents.-The Proctor of the Deanand Chapter then presented himself at the end of the table and said, "I attend as proxy for the Dean and Chapter of the Cathedral Church of Canterbury, and present to your Grace (addressing the Archbishop), a certificate of your being elected to be Archbishop and Pastor of the said See, and pray that your Grace will be pleased to give your assent to the said election." The Proctor then gave in to the registrar of the Court a summary petition, wherein the whole previous process of election and assent on the part of his Majesty and the Archbishop Elect were contained. This having been read, he prayed that a time might be appointed to prove it. The Bishop of WINCHESTER admitted the petition, and declared for its being proved immediately. The Proctor then proceeded to exhibit the Royal Assent, with the elected Archbishop's consent to his election, and also his Majesty's certificate to the Bishops, and desired a term to be at once assigned to hear final sentence, which the Bishop declared for immediately. The Proctor then desired that all the opposers of the election or its confirmation should be publicly called. After these ceremonies had been gone through, the Archbishop in a loud voice made the following declaration: "In the name of God, Amen. I, WILLIAM HOWLEY, by divine permission Bishop of LONDON, regularly and lawfully named and elected Archbishop and Bishop of the Cathedral and Metropolitical Church of Christ, CANTERBURY, and to accept of such election of myself and my person, so as is assigned, made, and celebrated on the part and behalf of the Reverend the Dean and Chapter of the said Cathedral and Metropolitical Church of Canterbury, earnestly requested and intreated, trusting in the clemency of Almighty God, do accept of such election of myself and my person, so as is premised, made and celebrated to the honour of Almighty God, Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, and do give my assent and consent in this writing to the election, being once and again asked and intreated thereto." The Proctor then prayed that their Lordships would be pleased to take upon them. selves the duty of the confirmation, and to decree that it be proceeded in according to the form of the letters patent, and the exigency of the law. The Bishop of WINCHESTER, in answer, replied in the name of himself and his Brothers, that in obedience to the command of his Sovereign they would take upon them the duty of the confirmation, and accordingly declared that an actuary should be appointed in their behalf. The Proctor then presented to their Lordships the Archbishop, and said, "I hereby do judicially produce his Lordship." His Grace then presented himself at the foot of the table, and took the oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy, and the oath against Simony. Letters testimonial were then made out, and the procession returned from the Church in the order in which it had entered. CONFIRMATION OF THE ELECTION OF THE LORD BISHOP OF LONDON. The proclamation of the election of a Bishop to the Sce of LONDON, in consequence of the congé d'élire which had been issued by his MAJESTY to the Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's, was read on Wednesday the 20th of August at the parish Church of St. Maryle-Bow, Cheapside. The Apparitor of the Court of Arches, accompanied by two other officers, opened a Court Ecclesiastical in the body of the Church, with the regular proclamation. The return to the writ was read, confirming his MAJESTY's choice in the election of the Right Reverend CHARLES JAMES BLOMFIELD, D.D. Lord Bishop of CHESTER. The writ was then affixed to the Church door, and shortly afterwards removed. On Saturday morning, the 23d of August, the Lord Bishop attended at Bow Church for the completion of the customary forms consequent upon his translation to the See of LONDON. His Lordship was attended by Dr. Arnold, Vicar-General of the Archdiocese of Canterbury, with several Advocates and Proctors. After prayers had been read, the proclamation requiring all impugners of the election to come forward was made by the Apparitor of the Arches Court. No one appearing, the confirmation proceeded. The Vicar General read the King's writ of congé d'élire, the return made to it by the Dean and Chapter, and the other documents connected with the election. The Bishop of LONDON then approached the table and took the oath of Canonical Obedience to the Archbishop of Canterbury, the oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy, and the oath against Simony; which finally completed the translation. The King (by trans St.Botolph, Bishopsgate, R. Middles. London lation of the Bishop Grey, Hon. Edward |