of eloquence; and before these mild monitors bigotry fast fled. It was rare that obstinacy was punished with a prison, and rarer still that their punishment was long persisted in. Where severity was exercised, it was called forth by the acts of the delinquent but conciliation was the favourite weapon. Even in the resumption of the English Form of Prayer, alterations were made to meet the prejudices of the Romish party; and in many instances with success. The Pope's bull of excommunication in the eleventh year of Elizabeth, first lighted the firebrand of sedition. To silence the hopes of those who were calculating upon a political change, an early organization of the hierarchy was resorted to. Parker, an able and amiable man, and a zealous reformer, was appointed to the See of Canterbury. "The Anglican establishment," observes our author, "soon presented the spectacle of a religious society, apostolical in its constitution, rejecting both the papal superstition and medieval errors." To this consummation, the publication of Foxe's Martyrology considerably tended. This work, so familiar to the ecclesiastical scholar, is principally an historical exposure of the Papacy; and his "relations are more than ordinarily worthy of reliance." Calvin, the great apostle of Geneva, in a letter to some of those who sought his opinion on the Anglican usages, sent his (qualified) approbation of the measures of the Reformation. About this time an overture was made by Pope Pius IV. (see note for this appeal to Elizabeth,) in which he announced his disposition to recognize Elizabeth's legitimacy: and not only this, but to sanction the English Service Book-upon condition! that her Majesty should formally acknowledge the papal supremacy. We need not add, that the overture was declined, not uncourteously it would seem; for amongst other potentates united to the Council of Trent, Elizabeth was especially singled out, to the great derogation, as some thought, from the papal dignity. But the English Cabinet was proof against the insidious offers of the Pontiff. Elizabeth's refusal was spirited, and to the point. While this Trentine council was providing for the perpetual dominion of the papal empire over ignorance and superstition, an important measure was adopted in England. The Forty-two Articles compiled under Cranmer's authority were carefully considered. Some salutary retrenchments were made, and Thirty-nine was the number of the Articles in the amended form, receiving an unanimous consent from the Convocation: "thus authenticating a doctrinal formulary which has ever since guided the national belief of England." The Second Book of Homilies and a Catechism were also authorized by this Convocation.

Here Mr. Soames closes his long and laborious work. We hope we have been liberal in our analysis: we are sure it well merits all the attention we have given it, and the praise we have bestowed upon it.

Sincerely hoping we shall meet again, we take leave of him for the present, more convinced from the perusal of his interesting History of the blessings of the Reformation.

To the wisdom of Elizabeth's religious choice her native land has borne uninterrupted testimony ever since her auspicious occupation of its throne. From that celebrated epoch England has made a constant progress in all that gives dignity to men, and power to nations. That a scriptural faith is the main source of her glorious and happy pre-eminence, may fairly be inferred from the notorious facts, that countries, like herself reformed, are more intelligent and flourishing than those which yet adhere to Rome; and that, of these latter regions, those are most prosperous and enlightened in which this adherence is the loosest. Protestantism indeed, by teaching only doctrines unquestionable, excluding all usages that are not simple and rational, offering no hope of acceptance with God unless through genuine contrition, and opening unreservedly the channels of information, has an obvious tendency to nurture masculine intelligence and sound morality: the only secure foundations of individual happiness and national importance.

ART. II.-Narrative of a Journey through the Upper Provinces of India, from Calcutta to Bombay, 1824-5, (with Notes upon Ceylon,) an Account of a Journey to Madras and the Southern Provinces, 1826, and Letters written in India. By the late Right Rev. REGINALD HEBER, D.D. Lord Bishop of Calcutta. London, Murray, 1828. 2 vols. 4to. pp. 631 & 515. 4l. 14s. 6d.

(Continued from page 286.)

OUR notice of this interesting work in the last Number concluded with an account of the Bishop's proceedings at Chunar, an important station in the immediate vicinity of Benares, and a station where, it is gratifying to add, a church had been erected and hitherto maintained, without any assistance from Government. Having taken leave of his friends at this place, "with a more earnest wish to meet again than travellers can often hope to feel," the Bishop embarked on September 13th, and proceeded along the river to Allahabad. Here he continued ten days, during which interval he confirmed twenty persons, two of them natives, and preached and administered the Sacraments to seventy or eighty, of whom some were natives, or in the native dress. The residents here are exceedingly anxious for a chaplain; "but," adds the Bishop, "that one should be appointed at this time I entertain but few hopes, though it is very sad that such a congregation should want one." It is sad indeed!-On the journey from Allahabad to Cawnpoor, a circumstance occurred to Mr. Corrie, who was following the Bishop with his family, which is attended with peculiar interest, as it evinces beyond contradiction that the prejudices of caste, so deeply rooted, and formerly considered so utterly insuperable, are rapidly giving way to a more rational, and more liberal spirit.

up

towards

Our caravan continued to arrive during the day, which cleared the evening, but not time enough to prevent all our bedding from being hopelessly wet through. Meantime we were not quite without employment, since besides

seeing our horses taken care of, we had all manner of complaints to adjudicate between the villagers, our servants and sepoys, and two companies more of sepoys who were also driven into shelter. I could not help feeling very uncomfortable about the Corries and their children. The people who came up said they had obtained shelter in the house of a Zemindar, but whether a gig and palanquin could get through the waters which were between us, was more than we could form a judgment of. At length, just as we had given them up and were sitting down to dinner, they arrived, happily all well, and having received a hospitable entertainment from the Zemindar in question, at whose house they had asked permission to boil a little gruel for the children, and who had immediately invited them into a comfortable verandah, and though a Hindoo, sent to purchase them a fowl and currie. The Archdeacon expressed much unwillingness to eat these in his house, knowing, he said, how strong a prejudice would, a few years since, have been excited against such a step. But on his saying, "Oh! do not let us pollute your house," the good man returned an answer which, Mr. Corrie observed, shewed, more than most things, how fast caste was wearing away,-" We have different customs, but are we not of the same flesh and blood?-My house is much honoured by your company.”—Pp. 360, 361.

On the 9th of October, after a wearisome and even perilous journey through a country inundated on all sides, the Bishop arrived at Cawnpoor, where, on Sunday the 11th, he confirmed upwards of eighty persons, and visited on the following day a regimental school, on the national system, and conducted extremely well. He quitted this place on the 18th, and entered the dominions of the King of Oude, being attended by an increased guard;-a precaution which the disturbed state of the province rendered expedient, if not indispensable. At Lucknow, the capital, a city 110 miles NN. W. of Allahabad, with a population of 300,000, there are a considerable number of Christians, so that the Bishop had numerous congregations, both at the Cantonments and the Residency, the two Sundays which he stayed: nor were his utmost exertions wanting to render this visit productive of permanent good. "I had," he says, "twelve candidates for Confirmation, and administered the Sacrament to twenty-five people, and found the people extremely anxious to assemble for public worship. The first Sunday indeed I preached three times, and twice the second, besides giving two confirmation lectures on the Friday and Saturday, and some other occasional duty." If this would require exertion even in England, how much more in India, where, as the Bishop writes to the Rev. J. J. Blunt, "no comparison can be formed between the degree of fatigue occasioned by clerical duties in England and in India, when I come out of the pulpit with my lawn sleeves as if they had been soaked in water!"

On Monday, Nov. 1, the Bishop quitted Lucknow, with spirits greatly depressed, as he was again separated from friends whom he had learnt sincerely to regard, and who had become not less cordially attached to him. It was, to use his own words, " altogether a sad leave-taking." The nature of his journey indeed rendered the attendance of some friend essentially desirable, and too soon was he to experience the need of such a companion; for on the 3d he felt extremely

ill, through the whole day, and was much perplexed what to do, being some days' journey from any medical adviser. The native attendants, whom the Bishop had attached to his person, as he conciliated the regard of every one who came within the sphere of his influence, expressed their concern and sympathy in various simple and unaffected ways, of which the best and most useful was, that the invalid heard no needless noise during the whole day; and if a voice were raised, "chup! chup! silence! silence!" followed immediately. Through the mercy of God, however, the remedies which he took, almost in utter ignorance, proved successful, and he was enabled to continue his journey, arriving on the 10th at Shahjehanpoor, and on the 13th at Bareilly, a poor ruinous town, from which the Himalaya mountains are visible in clear weather. It is the capital of Rohilcund, and about 142 miles N. W. of Lucknow.

At Bareilly, on the 14th, the Bishop had the 'satisfaction to find a numerous congregation of the civil and military officers, with their families, as well as a good many Christians of humbler rank. He had sixteen communicants, and on the following day baptized a number of children, and married three couples; and, what is peculiarly remarkable, there was among the latter, one young woman, a native, but engaged to be married to an English soldier, who was a candidate for baptism. She was at once, under the most hopeful appearances, baptized and married. From this place the Bishop determined to proceed to Almorah, an important station, at the very extremity of the British territory, 160 miles E. N. E. of Delhi, and nearly 1000 miles from Calcutta. His motives for undertaking this arduous journey deserve and demand to be stated in his own words, for his own words alone can do them justice.

I had been for some time in much doubt as to the expediency, after the many delays I had experienced in my journey, of proceeding to Almorah, but what I heard during these few days at Bareilly determined me in the affirmative. Though an important station, it has never been visited by any clergyman; and I was very anxious not only to give a Sunday to its secluded flock, but to ascertain what facilities existed for obtaining for them the occasional visits, at least, of a minister of religion, and for eventually spreading the Gospel among these mountaineers, and beyond them into Thibet and Tartary. The former of these objects I have good hopes of being able to accomplish; a residence in these cold and bracing regions may, in many cases, do as much good to chaplains and missionaries, exhausted by the heat of the plains, as a voyage to Europe would do; and good men may be well employed here, who are unequal to exertion in other parts of our Eastern Empire. To the second there are many obstacles, not likely, as yet, to be overcome; and in encountering which considerable prudence and moderation will be necessary. But there are facilities and encouragements, also, which I did not expect to find; and if God spare me life and opportunities, I yet hope to see Christianity revived, through this channel, in countries where, under a corrupted form indeed, it is said to have once flourished widely through the labours of the Nestorians. My opinion as to the advantage which might arise from such a visit, was fully confirmed; and I found reason to believe that late as the season was, and much as I have to do, the present is likely to be the best, if not the only opportunity for such an excursion.-Pp. 443, 444.

At a village called Shahee, Bishop Heber joined Mr. Boulderson, the collector of the district, who had kindly waited there two days that the Bishop might overtake him, in the hope that his local knowledge might be, as indeed it proved in a more than ordinary degree, serviceable. The two great dangers of this journey were fever and tigers. In fact there is one district, through which, during many months of the year, it is certain death to pass; and on the approach of this period every living thing forsakes it as if by instinct. Mr. Boulderson, from whom he parted with regret, left him on the 24th of November, and on the 29th he arrived in safety at Almorah, situated on the side of a steep hill. We will here gratify our readers with two brief extracts, the former expressive of the Bishop's feelings on that occasion, the latter strikingly indicative of that kindliness of heart which none ever possessed in a more eminent degree.

Sunday, November 28.-This day I enjoyed the gratification of being the first Protestant minister who had preached and administered the sacraments in so remote, yet so celebrated, a region. I had a very respectable congregation of, I believe, all the Christian inhabitants of Almorah and Havelbagh. Mr. Adams allowed me to make use of the two principal rooms in his house, which by the help of the folding doors between them, accommodated thirty or thirty-five persons with ease.-P. 495.

I had a singular instance this evening of the fact how mere children all soldiers, and I think especially sepoys, are when put a little out of their usual way. On going to the place where my escort was hutted, I found that there was not room for them all under its shelter, and that four were preparing to sleep on the open field. Within a hundred yards stood another similar hut unoccupied, a little out of repair, but tolerably tenantable. "Why do you not go thither?" was my question. "We like to sleep all together," was their answer. why not bring the branches here, and make your own hut larger? See, I will shew you the way." They started up immediately, in great apparent delight, every man brought a bough, and the work was done in five minutes, being only interrupted every now and then by exclamations of "Good, good, poor man's provider!"-P. 508.

"But

At Moradabad, on the 12th of December, the Bishop read prayers, preached, and administered the sacrament in the Collector's house to a congregation of about twenty persons.-Mr. Okeden and Mr. Williams, the Assistant Register, "on purpose to be present, actually returned from the camp, about forty miles off." Unquestionably thisand it is not an insulated case-displays anything but indifference to religion in the British Residents. On the 18th the Bishop arrived at Meerut, and was met by the excellent and exemplary chaplain, the Rev. Henry Fisher, with two of his sons, one a chaplain on the Company's establishment, affording perhaps the first instance of father and son being engaged together in the office of the ministry within our Indian possessions. The effect produced by the persevering and zealous labours of Mr. Fisher deserves to be particularly noticed.*

There is in this part of the Journal an account of an Indian Princess, called the Begum Sumroo, or Summers, which coincides most singularly with the description of the Begum Montreville, in Sir Walter Scott's last work, The Chronicles of the Canongate, First Series. Our limits will not admit of quotation-but it occurs in page 543.