My next selection is Sennacherib's private will (W.A.I.,

ANALYSES.

I. 1 bellat matâti; status constructus, feminine plural in genitive (dependent) case: 7 doubled after e as in the verbs y'. Matu (=madtu for madătu) is of Accadian origin, ma-da "country or "people."

2 asibat; feminine status constructus, nomen agentis, from

3 ner-ebdu; literally "yoke-servant," an Accadian compound (ninit or saccanacu), in which the first character was probably non-phonetic. 4 binut from, abstract feminine singular, status constructus.

5 katā, dual from katu, probably from p. Kat or kattakh, however, signified "hand" in Accadian, as well as id, which has lost the initial guttural. Comp. Talmud. np "handle" (like

6 rabitav, feminine of rabu, with mimmation.

7 kitrub, form sitcun, nomen permanentis of Iphteal from p.

8 takhkhazi, also written takhazi, for tamkhazi, nomen permanentis of

9 iccisu, third person singular Perfect of D. sense is almost lost.

10 kakkadu, Hebrew pp. Assyrian assimilates the second radical to the first in Palpel, giving us instead Pappel or Papel: so caccabu "star."

11 Num in Accadian meant "high" (Elamite khapar), translated

.(עלו) עלה by the Semitic elamu from

12 ebusu or epusu, third singular Pluperfect after the relative. Schrader compares ("to be strong”).

13 sarrut or sarrut, abstract singular, status constructus, from

.סרר or

14 kat-i" my

hand."

15 iz-sa (Accadian) is explained pidnu. Literally the Accadian would be "wood-work."

16 sadadu in Accadian is bu or bu-da "long." Mr. Smith translates "war-chariot." Compare Arabic sadā‘.

17 rudu from 77. Sarruti-ya is in apposition.

18 zicru form sicin.

19 pelu from by, passive participle, like nibu or nebu (of concave verbs) "worked" so "choice."

20 esci' is of uncertain meaning. It ought to be a quadriliteral O, but is more probably a Babylonian form (e for a, like Hebrew Niphal Imperative) from .

21 sicitta, accusative for sicinta from D, literally "that which is made."

22 ucci' singular aorist of , "strike down," in the sense of "found"

.(נכה שרש so)

23 palakh (and palukh above), nomen permanentis in status constructus, from the same root as pulukhtu "fear."

24 baladh, or in Assyrian generally paladh,=. It often happens that a root which in early Assyrian has initial p, but in Babylonian (and frequently in later Assyrian also) b, answers to a Hebrew radical with ; so bakharu or pakharu is D.

II. 1ticun was apparently the Accadian word, for which Assyrian substituted biltu, bilat, from 52.

2 saku was a Turanian loan-word, sak in Accadian being “head,” "high." Hence also sakummatu "highlands."

Mannu-ci-Arb'il "who (is) like Arbela," though ci may be itti "with." Maruduc-akhe-sallim "Merodach pacifies brothers," sallim being third singular Permansive.

4 iddanan, third singular Present Palel of nadanu.

iddini, for iddinu, is an instance of the vulgar pronunciation. It shows the same tendency as that which changed -ūnuv ta -ūniv.

6 ribata, literally "increase," like Kal Present irabbi'u. We find besides 2 per cent., 4 per cent., etc. The Accadian is śu.

III. 1 cissati, plural genitive of cissatu, cistu, masculine cissu; Targumic (Hebrew D), n being assimilated before in Assyrian (see p. 31).

2 dumaki plural of form sucan, generally dumki (dumku), "good fortune," etc.: also dumuku.

3 abnu zadhu is explained in a syllabary to be 'abn itstsuri "birdstone."

4 baru "half," was probably so sounded in Assyrian; but it was a loan-word from the Accadians, in whose language bar="another," "second."

5 cibi is written dhu, which is explained to be cibu. This has no connexion with the Hebrew kab, but denotes "body," or mass,"

" from

, as in cibe littūti "heap of tributes," cibu "the person" (of a man),

cibe s'iparri" masses of copper."

6 For sakal we have the Accadian equivalent lal written (as an ideograph).

7 cisatta for cisadta.

8 canurāni, plural of canuru, which may be connected with 15, form sacun. For the case-ending before the genitive, see p. 147.

The Latin translations given above are intended to answer to the Assyrian word for word. I subjoin an English version:

(I.) To Beltis, queen of the world, dwelling in BitMerodach, Assur-bani-pal, king of Assyria, the prince who worships her, the high-priest, the creation of her hands, who, according to her high bidding in the meeting of battle, has cut off the head of Teumman, King of Elam; and Umman-igas, Tammaritu, Pahe, and Umman-aldas, who after Teumman received the kingdom of Elam, by her powerful help I conquered, and in the mighty yoke of my royal chariot I captured; and my conquest of them has become

famous in all lands, for they had no equals.. At that time, I carved the sculptured work of the altar of the temple of Istar with choice carvings. I made it great for the pleasure of Beltis. This altar I dedicated before her. As for me, Assur-bani-pal, the worshipper of thy mighty divinity, a life of long days, goodness of heart and stability are coming upon me. May Bit-Merodach last long under me.

(II.) Talents of the best iron, for Istar of Arbela, which Mannu-ci-Arbela in the presence of Merodach-akhe-sallim, in the month Ab, hands over, shall be lent at three per cent., unless they are given back. The 11th day of the month Sivan, during the eponymy of Bamba, in the presence of Istar-bab-cames, Kua, Surru-ikbi, Dumku-pan-sarri, and Nebo-rub-bal.

(III.) I, Sennacherib, king of multitudes, king of Assyria, have given chains of gold, heaps of ivory, a cup of gold, crowns and chains with them, all the riches, of which there are heaps, crystal and another precious stone, and bird's stone: one and a half manehs, two and a half cibi according to their weight: to Essar-haddon my son, who was afterwards named Assur-ebil-mucin-pal, according to my wish: the treasure of the temple of Amuk and . . . iriq-erba, the harpists of Nebo.

...

179

ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS,

Page 3, line 19. According to Abul-Faraj (p. 18, ed. Pococke), Shinar "is Samarrah," and Sāmīrus, king of Chaldæa in the time of Serug, invented weights and measures, weaving and dyeing. The change of m into ng is paralleled by the Accadian dimir “ god," which is also found under the form dingir. Otherwise a nearer explanation would be sana-‘uru "the four cities." The Cassi, I now find, were not identical with the Sumiri or people "of the dog's language," who lived in Babylonia from immemorial times, but were an Elamite tribe, who conquered Babylonia under Khammurabi in the sixteenth (?) century B.C.

P. 4, 1. 5. Later Assyrian itself shows the same interchange of k and g, as in gadistu in the Law-tablet by the side of kadistu (“sanctuary”).

P. 4. Older Babylonian, especially in the vulgar dialect, presents many peculiar forms. Thus s is preferred to 8, as in yuśannu' "he changed"; m becomes n, as in sun-sunu for sum-sunи "their name"; the possessive pronoun ni "our" appears as na, as in Samsu-ilu-na; ina mukhkhi is regularly used for the preposition ina eli; and we even find such corrupt forms as baśurri (W.A.I. iii., 43, 16) "flesh" for bisru, and the ungrammatical liseli and lisetsbit (iii. 43, 20, 31) instead of luseli and lusatsbit or lusatsbat.

P. 5, 1. 7. Birid was not a new word, but goes back to the oldest period of the language. My mistake was caused by a