Southern Portion Roads, &c.,―The Southern portion is very irregularly shaped, it touches an extensive Dhar on the Ganges and contains 20 Uslee villages and many Arazees; there is no river, but it is plentifully watered by Dhars of the Ganges which are replenished yearly, when the inundation takes place. Two roads pass through it; the main road from Rajmahal to Maldah, and a continuation of the Googureebah Thannah road, both are kept in excellent repair by the Ferry Fund Committee. The town of Enaetpoor is situated in this portion, there are a few modees' shops in it, but it is not a place of any note. Eastern Portion. This portion is situated on the Sheershahabad Map; it contains 10 villages, but no place of any note; the lands are Muteear and Dorus and are highly cultivated and productive. Soils. The soils are Dorus and Baloo, and yield very fine crops; all the lands of this Pergunnah adjoining the Ganges, are highly cultivated; the crops are, wheat, barley, gram, kullye, maize, bajeera, mustard-seed, koosuni, and a little indigo. Harvests.-Are Bhudooe, Khurreef and Rubbee. Climate. Very good, which is at once known by the healthy appearance of the inhabitants; during the months of November, December and January, the fogs are excessive, but the people do not seem to suffer from them, as in Purneah. Thannah.-The Pergunnah is under the Police jurisdiction of four Thannahs; the Northern portion under Thannah Gorgureebah; the middle under Maldah; the Southern and Eastern under Kulleea Chuk, and the Shikarpoor villages under Jugdullah; there are no Police Chowkies situated in any part of this Pergunnah. Beegahs.-The beegahs in use at the time of survey are as follows:— Luttah, 4 haths of 18 inches each = 1,600 square yards per beegah. ditto = 2,025 ditto. Assessment.-The rate of assessment is noted in the General Statistical Return. KOTWALEE No. 23, or Pergunnah Kotwalee, partly belongs to the Havellee estate of Purneah, and partly to Maldah; the portion belonging to Purneah, was surveyed by Mr. John Fitzpatrick in the year 1844; but as no Thakbundee took place, and the lands of the two Zillahs are exceedingly intermixed, it was deemed expedient to demarcate the whole, and account for the Purneah lands by Khusruh. The Pergunnah is bounded on the North H by Sumulpoor of Purneah, on the East by Begumabad and Bhuteea Gopalpoor and also a portion of Kumlabaree of Purneah, on the South by Akburabad, and on the West by Kankjole of Purneah, Maldah and Bhaugulpoor and also by a detached portion of Pergunnah Buhadoorpoor of Bhaugulpoor. Rivers. The principal rivers are the Kalindry and the Bhaugaruttee; the former enters this Pergunnah and Zillah from Pergunnah Sumulpoor of Purneah, between the villages of Nowghureea and Permanundpoor; it flows for a mile and a half in an Easterly direction and then makes rather a sudden bend to the North, to the boundary of the Pergunnah, which it forms. Shortly after the cessation of the periodical rains, the stream of this river becomes sluggish ; and in April and May, it is scarcely perceptable, even when the mouth is partially open; indeed the water in places appears almost stagnant; the river abounds with fish of every description, and is for the most part farmed out by the proprietors to fishermen, several families of whom, make a very fair livelihood from its produce. The right of fishing is in some parts violently disputed; in such cases the proprietors make over disputes and all to the fishermen, and the strongest party gains the day; these disputes sometimes almost end in serious affrays. During some seasons, boats of 3 or 400 maunds can proceed down its channel; but generally its mouth is blocked up with sand from the beginning of March, until the rise of the Ganges in June; during the rainy season, boats of very large burthens can pass down its channel from the Ganges to the Mahanunda. The Bhaugaruttee on the North of the Ganges has become a very inconsiderable stream; it flows out of the Ganges near the village of Ruzakpoor, Pergunnah Kankjole of Purneah, which it bounds to the South, and then by an abrupt bend enters this Pergunnah, at the villages of Kumaloodeenpoor and Aghunbareea, and then continues its course in a due Easterly direction for 4 miles, after which it makes two or three bends in a South-easterly direction towards the ruins of Gour, which it approaches to within a quarter of a mile at the village of Sadoolapoor. About a mile above the village, the river takes a Southerly course which it maintains, until it unites its waters with the Pugla, of a mile below Muhadeepoor indigo factory, the confluence takes place near a Hindoo temple adjacent to the village of Muhadeepoor, Pergunnah Kasimnuggur; this spot is considered very sacred and is much resorted to by pious Hindoos; the streams being thus mingled, flow on uninterruptedly to the Ganges. From its entrance into this Zillah from Kankjole of Purneah, to its confluence with the Ganges at Delalpoor of Sheershahabad, taking into consideration its several bends, the stream flows over a space of about 23 miles; during the rains this river is very deep, and the Government Steamers formerly used to avail themselves of its channel to avoid the Ganges, the current of which is fierce in the extreme from Delalpoor considerably above Rajmahal. Soils. The soils are Muteear, Dorus and Balsoonder; they are very extensively tilled and highly cultivated, 19,000 acres being under culture, producing in the greatest abundance, spendid crops of barley, wheat, pulse of various kinds, rice, indigo, mulberry, gram, bajeera, mustard-seed, Indian-corn, and sugar-cane. Harvest. The harvests are Bhudooe, Khurreef and Rubbee, all of which are very plentiful; in fact, the whole of this Pergunnah is in a very prosperous state. Roads. The public Dâk road from Maldah to Rajmahal passes through its Northern part, and is kept in very good repair by the Ferry Fund Committee of the District, which, bye the bye, is composed of Planters, excepting the Joint Magistrate; and in no part of the country have I seen better roads, considering that stone, gravel, or kunkur is not procurable. In my opinion, in all Districts, gentlemen of this class ought to be solicited to become Members of Ferry Funds, &c., as they not only from local knowledge and experience perfectly understand where roads and bridges are necessary and the cheapest method of keeping them in repair, but they are self-interested in seeing that the views of Government are carried out. Towns.-The principal towns are Kotwalee the capital, Phoolwareea, Jot Nursingh, Jot Gopalee, Sonatola, Sooltanpoor, Satanundpoor, Jot Gureeb, Sadeepoor, Shah Julalpoor and Oomurpoor; there are several very large and populous villages in this Pergunnah. Climate. The climate of Kotwalee is considered good, except in the months of September and October, when numbers of people suffer from fever, the villagers for the most part appear robust and healthy; there is an appearance of wealth and comfort amongst them, which is not to be met with on the Eastern side of the Mahanunda. Jheels-One large jheel exists; it is situated in the Northern part of the Pergunnah ; it has no particular name, but is indiscriminately called after the villages it adjoins. There are several fine springs in this jheel, which plentifully supply it with water; that which is superfluous, forms a small stream, which flows into the Bhaugaruttee; this stream is called the Omeerthee, and helps to carry off the waters of the Kalindry which fall into the jheel, where it overflows its banks during the rains. Irrigation.-Irrigation is extensively practised from numerous smaller jheels, the water is raised by Kuthras; the people seem to be fond of agricultural pursuits and the ryots appear to receive more encouragement from the Zemindars than I have noticed elsewhere. Thannah.-This Pergunnah is under the Police jurisdiction of Thannah Bholahat, and has several Nakahs distributed throughout, principally where hauts are held. Beegahs.-The beegahs in use at the time of survey are as follows: : Area. The area of this very fine and valuable Pergunnah is 23,698-0-09 British acres or 37·03 square miles. Assessment. The rate of assessment is noted in the General Statistical Return. BEGUMABAD. No. 36, or Pergunnah Begumabad is very small and is situated to the East of Pergunnah Kotwalee which bounds it on that side, while its North is bounded by Pergunnah Sumulpoor of Purneah, its East by the Mahanunda river adjoining Pergunnah Rookunpoor and its South by Pergunnah Ameerabad of Purneah. It consists of twenty Uslee villages, two of which are detached; the lands are very highly cultivated and produce abundantly, dal, rice, grain, mulberry in very large quantities, wheat, barley and tobacco. A large quantity of the land is occupied by mangoe topes, the trees of which are justly celebrated for their delicious fruit; during the mangoe season, it is not at all unusual to see a guard of Sepoys sent by the Nuwab of Moorshedabad and stationed in the vicinity of some trees of peculiar celebrity, the fruit of which he has purchased from the proprietors. Roads.-The Dâk road from Maldah to Dinajpoor passes through this Pergunnah to the Neemah Suraie Ferry at the confluence of the Kalindry and Mahanunda; there are three ferry boats here which appear to be constantly employed, passing and repassing with passengers and merchandise. Indigo Factories.-The Neemah Suraie indigo factory is situated not very far from the ferry of this name; close to the latter, is a brick Minàr, it is now in a ruined state; however, it is still from thirty-five to forty feet in height and presents a striking object as you sail up or down the river. Soil. The soils are Muteear, Dorus and Baloo, and are considered very productive; mulberry grows most luxuriantly here. Harvests. The harvests are Bhudoee, Khurreef and Rubbee. Towns.-There are no towns, but four very thriving villages, which quite deserve the name, situated on the Western bank of the Mahanunda; each of these contain several pukha houses, which look exceedingly neat and picturesque from the river or opposite side; their names are Jot, Begumpoor, Kultapoor and Nazirpoor, they are all thickly populated. Climate. The climate is considered very salubrious, and the inhabitants appear to be healthy and industrious. Thannah.-The Police jurisdiction of Thannah Bholahat prevails here; and there is a Nakah situated in the village of Neemah Suraie close to the Ferry. each Beegah. The luttah in use during the time of survey was of 4 haths of 18 inches = 1,600 square yards per beegah. = Area. The total area amounts to 1,684-1-24 British acres or 2.63 square miles. Assessment. The rate of assessment is noted in the General Statistical Return. AKBURABAD. No. 24, or Pergunnah Akburabad, is bounded on the North by Kotwalee, on the East by Kotwalee and Bhutteea Gopalpoor, on the South by Akburshahee of Moorshedabad and Sheerpoor Futeh Khaneh, Kasimnuggur and Buhadoorpoor, and on the West by Kotwalee and Buhadoorpoor of the Bhaugulpoor District. This Pergunnah is pretty compact having only five detached villages, it is also very highly cultivated; its soils are Muteear, Dorus and Baloo, which produce very abundantly barley, wheat, pulse of various kinds, rice, indigo, mulberry, mustard-seed, flax, tobacco, koorthee; there are no roads of any consequence, although several good cart roads exist, but they only extend from village to village. Harvests. The harvests are Bhudooe, Khureef and Rubbee, and are generally very abundant. Towns.-There are no towns, but the villages are for the most part large and flourishing; the climate is healthy and the people appear to be contented and happy; they are under the Police jurisdiction of Kulleea Chuk, a Chowkee of which, is located at the village of Dabeepoor. Beegah.—The luttahs in general use at the time of survey are as follows: Area. The total area amounts to 9,203-3-25 British acres or, 14:38 square miles. SHEERPOOR. No. 25, or Pergunnah Sheerpoor Futeh Khaneh, is pretty compact; it has eight detached portions of land; the compact portion of the Pergunnah is bounded on the North and West by Kasimnuggur and Akburabad, on the East by Akburshahee of Moorshedabad and Sooltangunge of Maldah, and on the South by Sheershahabad, a detached portion of Kasimnuggur and Pardeear; this Pergunnah is also very highly cultivated; its soils are Muteear, Dorus and Balsoondur, which produce very fine crops of rice, barley, wheat, various kinds of pulse, indigo, mulberry, gram, flax and mustard-seed. Harvests.-The harvests are, Bhudooe, Khureef and Rubbee. Towns. The towns are Narainpoor, Sheerpoor, Dabeepoor, Chandpoor; the generality of the villages are large, thickly populated and appear to be in a very flourishing condition. From the general appearance of the people it may be inferred, that the climate is healthy as they appear to be robust and active. Thannah.-The jurisdiction of the Kulleea Chuk Thannah prevails here, of which there is a Naka in the village of Sheerpoor. Beegah.-The luttahs in general use at the time of survey are as follows: Luttah, 4 haths of 18 inches each ditto = = 1,600 square yards per beegah. Area. The total area amounts to 4,660-0-06 British acres or, 7.28 square miles. PARDEEAR. No. 26, or Pardeear, is a small Pergunnah bounded on the North by Kasimnuggur and Sheerpoor Futeh Khanneh, on the East by portions of Kasimnuggur and Sooltangunge, on the South by Havellee Tara, and on the West by Buhadoorpoor; this Pergunnah I |