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vicinity. The west front, which is of the oolite, is in perfect condition, even in the dog's-teeth and other florid decorations of the doorways, &c. This building is cover. d generally with lichens.

CARLISLE Ancient buildings: Cathedral (13th century), of red sandstone, in various states of decomposition. Modern buildings: Many of red sandstone, more or less in a state of decomposition.

CASTLE HOWARD, Yorkshire.

Built generally of a siliceous fine-grained sandstone from the park; generally in good condition, but in some parts, such as the parapets, cupolas, and chimney shafts, much decomposed. The pilasters of the north front from a quarry at Appleton; in good condition, except where subjected to alternations of wet and dry, as in the plinths, where there are signs of decomposition. The stables are of Appleton stone, and in good condition. CHATSWORTH HOUSE, Derbyshire. Original house built of Bell Crop sandstone from Bakewell Edge, not in very good condition, particularly in the lower parts of the building In the recent additions the same stone is employed, together with that of Bailey Moor and Lindrop Hill.

CHEPSTOW CASTLE, Monmouthshire (11th and 12th centuries, with additions of the 14th century). Of mountain limestone and old red sandstone; the former in good condition; the latter decomposed. Dressings of doors, windows, archways, and quoins are for the most part of magnesian limestone, in perfect condition; the remainder is of red sandstone, and is generally much decomposed. Chapel (of the 12th century); mouldings and carvings of the windows, &c., which are of magnesian limestone, are in perfect condition.

COXWOLD CHURCH, Yorkshire (15th century). Generally of fine siliceous grit of the vicinity, and in part of a calcareous nature. Tower in good condition; porch decomposed; lichens abundant on the north side. DERBY. St. Peter's Church (13th century), of the variegated coarse sandstone of the vicinity, similar to that of Little Eaton. The whole in bad condition; but the red stones less so than the grey or white. St. Almund's Church (of the 14th century), of a coarse sandstone of the vicinity, in a very decomposed state, to the obliteration of the mouldings and other details; it has lately been scraped and painted, to preserve it from further destruction. All Saints Church (tower of the 15th century), of sandstone, similar to that of Duffield Bank, partly in fair condition, and partly much decomposed, particularly the great western entrance. The body of the church, built 110 years since, of sandstone, in part decomposing. Modern buildings: Town Hall, of sandstone from Morley Moor, built a few years since, in very good condition.

DURHAM CATHEDRAL (11th and 12th centuries). Of a sandstone of the vicinity, elected indiscriminately, and in all stages of decomposition; few stones are quite perfect. CASTLE (of the 11th century). Of similar stone, and in a similar state.

EASEY ABBEY, Yorkshire (13th and 14th centuries). Of sandstone of the vicinity; mouldings and carvings decomposed and in part obliterated. Walls built very rudely, and in various states of decomposition; some parts, however, maintain their original surface.

quarry.

ECCLESTON ABBEY, Yorkshire (13th century). Of stone similar to that of the Stenton The mouldings and other decorations, such even as the dog's-teeth enrichments, are in perfect condition. EDINBURGH. Ancient buildings: Holyrood Chapel (12th century), of sandstone from the vicinity, in part much decomposed; in other parts, such as the west door, almost perfect. The palace (built in the 16th and 17th centuries) of similar stone, generally in good condition, the older parts being slightly decomposed. The oldest part of the Tron Church (1641), of sandstone, much decomposed. A house on the Castle Hill (1591), of sandstone, only slightly decomposed.

Modern buildings, wholly erected of sandstones from the Cragleith, Red Hall, Humbie, and Binnie quarries, for the most from the first-mentioned quarry. None of them exhibit any appearance of decomposition, with the exception of ferruginous stains, which are produced upon some stones. Among the oldest is the Registry Office, which is of Cragleith stone, and built above sixty years since; it is in a perfect

state.

FOUNTAIN'S ABBEY, Yorkshire (11th and 12th centuries, with additions of the 16th century). Of coarse sandstone of the vicinity, generally in bad condition, particularly the west front, which is much decomposed. The nave and transept, which are the earliest portions of the building, are the best preserved.

FOUNTAIN'S HALL, Yorkshire (1677). Of sandstone of the vicinity, and magnesian limestone in the dressings. The whole in fair condition.

FOREST OF DEAN, Gloucestershire. Park End new church, built fifteen years since, of sandstone, similar to that of Colford. No appearance of decomposition.

GLASGOW.

Ancient buildings: High Church (12th century), sandstone of the vicinity, generally very much decomposed, particularly on the south side Old quadrangle of the College (James II.), of sandstone, decomposed.

The

Modern buildings: Hunterian Museum (1804); superstructure said to be of stone from the President quarry; slight traces of decomposition on the south-west front. basement of another sandstone, in a more advanced state of decomposition; other parts of the building are in an almost perfect state. The other buildings are generally erected of stone from the Giffneuch and other quarries in the immediate neighbourhood, except the new Exchange buildings, which are of stone from the Humbie quarry, thirty miles from Glasgow, recently erected, in which there are not any apparent symptoms of decomposition.

GLOUCESTER CATHEDRAL (Norman for the greater part, altered and cased in the 15th century), built of a fine grained and ill-cemented oolite, a shelly oolite, and a red sandstone (north side) intermixed, of which the former constitutes the greater portion. The tower (15th century), of shelly oolite, in perfect condition. The early turrets of the south transepts are also in good condition. The body of the building is much decomposed. The great cloister is built of the same materials as the cathedral. The moulded and decorated work is in good condition, the other parts are more or less decomposed. The small cloister is built of a fine oolite with a compact cement, and is in good condition. THE NEW BRIDGE, of Whitchurch sandstone, parapets of Ruordean fine-grained sandstone, in good condition.

HADDON HALL, Derbyshire (15th and 16th centuries). Of a fine-grained sandstone, similar to that of Lindrop Hill. The dressings, parapets, chimney shafts, quoins, &c. are wrought and rubbed; the remainder of the walls is of rough walling. The whole in fair condition.

HARROWGATE. Cheltenham Pump Room, of sandstone from Woodhouse, near Leeds. Built recently. In good condition. Swan Hotel and other modern buildings, of a coarse sandstone of the vicinity; generally in good condition.

HARDWICKE HALL, Derbyshire. (1597). Of a fine-grained sandstone, chiefly from a quarry in the hill on which the house is built, intermixed with a calciferous grit, similar to that of Mansfield; generally in good condition. The ashler is in parts decomposed, especially where it is set on edge.

HOWDEN CHURCH, Yorkshire (15th century); partly of magnesian limestone, of a deep yellow colour, and partly of a coarse siliceous grit, of a ferruginous colour. Dressings and enrichments and the central tower are of the former stone; generally decomposed, particularly at the top of the tower. The other parts of the building, which are of the grit, are very much decomposed.

KIRKSTALL ABBEY, Yorkshire (11th century). Of coarse sandstone of the vicinity, in various stages of decomposition according to the aspect. The east side is in fair condition; some of the zig-zag enrichments and early capitals and other enrichments of mouldings are in perfect condition. The windows of the chancel and tower (inserted in the 16th century) of a yellow sandstone, are for the most part gone, and what remains is much decomposed.

MANSFIELD TOWN HALL, Nottinghamshire. Built three years since, of magnesio-calciferous sandstone from Mansfield: no appearance of decomposition. NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.

Ancient buildings: St. Nicholas' Church (14th century), of sandstone of the vicinity, similar to that of the Heddon Quarry, very much decomposed. Parts restored within the last century, with the same stone, now decomposing. The upper part of the tower and spire restored within the last five years, and painted to preserve the stone from decay. Other ancient buildings, of the same stone, more or less in a state of decomposition, according to the date of their erection.

Modern buildings, built within the last 25 years, of sandstone from the Felling and Church quarries at Gateshead and the Kenton quarry: parts already show symptoms of decomposition.

PONTEFRACT CASTLE, Yorkshire (14th century). Built generally of a coarse grit, of a dark brown colour, occasionally mixed with an inferior magnesian limestone. The whole in a very decomposed state, more particularly the sandstone, in which all traces of the original surface are effaced. Fragments of magnesian limestone are embedded in several parts of the walls, with mouldings of the 12th century, in perfect condition.

RABY CASTLE, Durham (14th century). Of sandstone of the vicinity: parts in a perfect state, others slightly decomposed.

RICHMOND CASTLE, Yorkshire (11th century). The keep, of sandstone, similar to that of Gatherly Moor, generally in good condition; mouldings and carvings in columns of window in a perfect state.

RIPON, Yorkshire. An obelisk in the market-place (1781), of coarse sandstone, much decomposed in laminations parallel to the exposed faces.

RIPON CATHEDRAL Lower part, east end, and south-east angle (Norman), of coarse sandstone of the vicinity, in good condition. The west front, the transepts, and tower (of the 12th and 13th centuries), of the coarse sandstone of the vicinity, in fair condition. The mouldings, although generally decomposed, are not effaced. The dog's-teeth ornaments in most parts nearly perfect. The aisles of the naves, the clerestory, and the choir (of the 14th and 15th centuries), of coarse sandstone and magnesian limestone intermixed, not in good condition; the latter stone, on the south side, often in fair condition. The lower parts of the building generally, but particularly the west fronts, which are of coarse sandstone, are very much decomposed. RIVAULX ABBEY, Yorkshire (12th century). Of a sandstone at Hollands, one mile from the ruins; generally in excellent condition. West front slightly decomposed; south front remarkably perfect, even to the preservation of the original toolmarks. SHAFTESBURY, Dorsetshire. St. Peter's Church (15th century). Of a green siliceous sandstone, from quarries half a mile south of the church. The whole building much decomposed. The tower is bound together by iron, and is unsafe, owing to the inferior quality of the stone.

SPOFFORTH CASTLE, Yorkshire (14th century). Of coarse red sandstone; more or less, but generally much, decomposed. The dressings of the windows and doors, of a semicrystalline magnesian limestone, are in perfect state, the mouldings and enrichments being exquisitely sharp and beautiful.

TINTERN ABBEY (13th century). Considerable remains of red and grey sandstones of the vicinity, in part laminated. In unequal condition, but for the most part in perfect condition; covered with grey and green lichens.

TISBURY CHURCH (13th and 14th centuries; the lower part of the tower of the 12th century). Of calciferous limestone from Tisbury. The dressings are composed of stone throughout, in perfect condition. The ashlar variable; in part much decomposed; the undecomposed portions are covered with lichens. Tombstones in the churchyard generally in good condition, some being more than a century old. houses of the village built generally of the Tisbury stone, and are in very good condition. The whole covered with lichens.

The

WAKEFIELD PARISH CHURCH, Yorkshire (tower and spire of the 16th century). Of sandstone, much decomposed. The body of the church, of recent date, of sandstone strongly laminated, and generally decomposed between the laminæ.

WHITEY ABBEY (19th century). Of stone similar to that of Aislaby Brow, in the vicinity; generally in good condition, with the exception of the west front, which is very much decomposed. The stone used is of two colours, brown and white; the former, in all cases, more decomposed than the latter. The dog's-teeth and other enrichments in the east front are in good condition.

LIMESTONE BUILDINGS.

BATH. Abbey church (1576), built of an oolite in the vicinity. The tower is in fair condition. The body of the church, in the upper part of the south and west sides, much decomposed. The lower parts, formerly in contact with buildings, are in a more perfect state; the reliefs in the west front of Jacob's ladder are in parts nearly effaced. Queen's Square, north side, and the obelisk in the centre, built above 100 years since, of an oolite with shells, in fair condition. Circus (built about 1750), of an oolite in the vicinity, generally in fair condition, except those portions which have a west and southern aspect, where the most exposed parts are decomposed. Crescent (built above 50 years since), of an oolite of the vicinity, generally in fair condition, except in a few places, where the stone appears to be of inferior quality. BRISTOL CATHEDRAL (of the 13th and 14th centuries). Built of red sandstone and apparently a yellow limestone (magnesian?) strangely intermixed. The red sandstone in all cases decomposed; the limestone inore rarely decayed. The tracery, &c. of the windows, which are of the limestone, are in good condition, but the pinnacles and dressings of the same material much decomposed. The east end of the cathedral is a remarkable instance of the decay and preservation of the two stones employed. Norman gateway, west of the cathedral (the upper part of the 15th century), the Norman archway and its enrichments, which are of a very florid character, built of yellow limestone (magnesian ?), in excellent condition.

ST. MARY REDCLIFFE (tower of the 12th century; body of the church of the 15th century). Of oolitic limestone, from Dundry; very much decomposed. BURLEIGH HOUSE (15th century). Of a shelly oolite (Barnack rag), in excellent condition throughout. The late additions are of Ketton stone. ETLAND ABBEY, Yorkshire (12th century). In part of a siliceous grit (principally in the interior), and in part (chiefly on the exterior) of a compact oolite, from the Wass quarries in the vicinity. The west front, which is of the oolite, is in perfect condition,

This build

even in the dog's-teeth and other florid decorations of the doorways, &c. ing is generally covered with lichens. COLLEY WESTON CHURCH, Northamptonshire (14th century). Of a shelly oolite (Barnack rag), in perfect condition throughout.

DORCHESTER.

state.

GLASTONBURY — Abbey. Joseph of Arimathea's Chapel.

St. Peter's Church (15th century). Of laminated oolite, somewhat similar to that of Portland, and of a shelly limestone, somewhat resembling that of Hamhill. The latter used in pinnacles, parapets, and dressings. The whole in a decomposed Considerable ruins; Norman, of shelly limestone, similar to that of Doulting; generally in good condition; the zig-zag and other enrichments perfect; the capitals of the columns, corbels, &c. are of The Church. Con. blue lias, much decomposed, and in some cases have disappeared. siderable remains of the choir, and a small portion of the nave (11th century), ol St. Benedict's Parish shelly limestone, similar to that of Doulting, in good condition. Church (14th century). Of limestone, similar to that of Doulting, in good condition. St. John the Baptist's Parish Church (15th century). Of stone similar to that of Doulting, generally in fair condition.

GLOCESTER - Cathedral, (Norman for the greater part, altered and cased in the 15th century). Built of a fine-grained and ill-cemented oolite, a shelly oolite, and a red sandstone (north side) intermixed, the former constituting the greatest portion of the edifice. The tower (15th century), of shelly oolite, in perfect condition. The early turrets of the south transept are also in good condition. The body of the building is much decomposed. The great cloister is built of the same materials as the cathedral. The moulded and decorated work is in good condition; the other parts are more of less decomposed. The great cloister is built of a fine oolite, with a compact cement and is in good condition. St. Nicholas's Church (body Norman; tower and spire 15th century), of a shelly and inferior kind of oolite intermixed, and in unequal con dition. St. Michael's Church (15th century), built of same stone as that of St Nicholas, and in the same condition.

GRANTHAM CHURCH (13th century). Lofty tower and spire at the west end.

Built of a

oolite, similar to that of Ancaster, in good condition, more especially the tower, excep as to some portions of the base mouldings. KETTON CHURCH, Rutlandshire. (West entrance door, Norman; tower of the 12th or 13t

century; nave, aisles, and chancel of the 14th century). Of a shelly oolite (Barnac rag), in good condition. Dog's-teeth, carved corbels, and other enrichments in perfect state.

KETTERING CHURCH (14th and 15th centuries). Of a shelly oolite, fine-grained, the great portion resembling Barnack rag. The tower and spire in perfect condition. body of the church in parts slightly decomposed.

T

The wester KIRKHAM PRIORY, Yorkshire (13th century). Inconsiderable remains. front and great entrance slightly decomposed throughout; the portions which rema of the body of the church very perfect, but many of the stones are much decompose The whole is covered wi The stone is very similar to that of the Hildenly quarry. lichens.

LINCOLN CATHEDRAL (the minster generally of the 12th and 13th centuries). Of ooli and calcareous stone of the vicinity; generally in fair condition, more especially t early portions of the west front. The ashler and plain dressings of the south fr are, however, much decomposed. The mouldings and carvings of the east front in a perfect state. Roman Gate, of a ferruginous oolite, in fair condition. Gateway (13th century), of an oolitic limestone; ashler much decomposed, dressi perfect.

The Ca

MELTON OLD CHURCH, Yorkshire (12th century). Light semi-compact limestone, simi to that of the Hildenly quarry; generally in good condition, particularly the gr west door (of the 11th century), where the zig-zag and other enrichments are perf Some stones are much decomposed.

MONTACUTE, Somersetshire

Parish Church (15th century). Of Hamhill stone, in per condition, covered with lichens. The Abbey (15th century). Supposed abb Montacute House (1 house and gateway, of Hamhill stone, in good condition. century), of Hamhill stone, in excellent condition. MARTOCK CHURCH, Somersetshire (15th century). Of a shelly ferruginous brown li stone from Hamhill, in good condition, except the plinth and base mouldings, wh are much decomposed. Covered with lichens.

NEWARK CHURCH (15th century; the tower, in part, of the 12th century). Of an oo similar to that of Ancaster; generally in fair condition, with the exception of part the base mouldings. The building is covered with a grey lichen. The Castle (N man, with additions in the 15th century). Chiefly of sandstone of the vicinity unequal condition. A large portion of the dressings of the windows, &c. are of oo

probably from Ancaster. Town Hall (50 or 60 years old). Built of the Ancaster oolite; in good condition; in some blocks, however, there is an appearance of lamination, where decomposition has to a slight extent taken place.

OXFORD CATHEDRAL, Norman (12th century). Chiefly of a shelly oolite, similar to that of Taynton; Norman work in good condition, the latter work much decomposec Merton College Chapel (13th century). Of a shelly oolite, resembling Taynton stone; in good condition generally. New College Cloisters (14th century). Of a shelly oolite (Taynton), in good condition. The whole of the colleges, churches, and other public buildings of Oxford, erected within the last three centuries, are of oolitic limestone from Heddington, about one mile and a half from the university, and are all, more or less, in a deplorable state of decomposition. The plinth, string-courses, and such portions of the buildings as are much exposed to the action of the atmosphere, are mostly of a shelly oolite from Taynton, fifteen miles from the university, and are universally in good condition.

PAUL'S, ST., CATHEDRAL, LONDON (finished about 1700). Built of Portland oolite, from the Grove quarries on the east cliff. The building generally in good condition, especially the north and east fronts. The carvings of flowers, fruit, and other ornaments are throughout nearly as perfect as when first executed, although much blackened; on the south and west fronts, larger portions of the stone may be observed of their natural colour than on the north and east fronts, occasioned by a very slight decomposition of the surface. The stone in the drum of the dome, and in the cupola above it, appears not to have been so well selected as the rest; nevertheless scarcely any appreciable decay has taken place in those parts.

PICKERING CHURCH, Yorkshire (13th and 14th centuries). Oolite rock of the neighbourhood; very much decomposed; the windows, mullions, and buttress angles obliterated.

Pickering Castle (14th century). The walls of the oolite of the neighbourhood, and the quoins of a siliceous grit. The whole in fair condition. PORTLAND, Dorsetshire - New Church (built 1766), of Portland oolite, fine roach; in a perfect state, still exhibiting the original tool marks. Wakeham Village, Tudor House, of Portland oolite, in excellent condition. Old Church, in ruins, near Bow and Arrow Castle (15th century), of Portland oolite, resembling top bed; in very good condition; original chisel marks still appear on the north front. Bow and Arrow Castle. Considerable remains of the keep, many centuries old, of Portland oolite; the ashlar resembles the top bed, and is in perfect condition; the quoins and corbels of the machicolated parapet appear to be of the cap bed of Portland oolite, and are in good condition. SALISBURY CATHEDRAL (13th century). Of siliciferous limestone from Chilmark quarry. The entire building is in excellent condition, except the west front, which in parts is slightly decomposed. The building generally covered with

lichens.

SANDYSFOOT CASTLE, near Weymouth (temp. Hen. VIII.). Considerable remains of keep, chiefly of Portland oolite, partly of the top bed and partly of the fine roach; generally in excellent condition, with the exception of a few and apparently inferior stones. The inside ashlar of the walls is of large-grained oolite, apparently from the immediate vicinity of the castle, much decomposed.

SOMERTON CHURCH, Somersetshire (14th century). Built chiefly of blue lias; the quoins, buttresses, parapets, and other dressings of a coarse ferruginous shelly limestone, in various stages of decay. The parapet of the clerestory of a lighter-coloured stone, in good condition.

STAMFORD St. Mary's Church (13th century). Of a shelly oolite (Barnack rag), in fair condition. St. John's Church (14th century). Of similar stone, ill selected, and consequently decomposed in parts and in laminations, according to the direction of the beds of shells. St. Martin's Church (14th century). Of similar stone, in good condition. All Saints (lower part of the body of the church 13th century; the remainder 15th century). Tower and spire in fine condition; body of the church decomposed. Standwell's Hotel, built twenty-four years since of an oolite similar to that of Ketton; in perfect condition. St. Michael's New Church. Built four years since; no appearance of decomposition. WELLS, THE CATHEDRAL. West front (13th century), upper part of tower (14th century), of shelly limestone, similar to that of Doulting, generally decomposed, but not to any great extent. North flank (porch and transept 13th century, the remainder of the 14th century), of similar stone, in good condition, except lower part of flank and west South side tower. The central tower (of the 14th century) in very good condition. of the cathedral generally in good condition. Chapter House (13th century, with additions of the 15th century). The whole in good condition excepting the west front of the gateway, which is decomposed. Close gates (15th century) much de

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