Sefton, Lancashire; proportion of church, p. 1016
Segeste; temple, 149, p. 945
Segments of a circle; Table of areas when the diameter is unity, 1225 Segovia; bridge of, at Madrid, 371
cathedral, 367, 598. New cathedral, ib., 599. Masons' marks, 322b. Casa de moneda, 526. Hieronymite monastery of Sta Maria del Parral, 596
Selby, Yorkshire; conventual church, 398, 421. Choir, groined ceiling, 2023g. Win- dows, p. 991
Selenitic mortar, 2250a
Self-coiling shutters, 2148a
Selinus; founded, p. 943. City, 147. Five temples, p. 946, p. 948, p. 949 Semiramis, queen; works attributed to, 9
Semita; of the xystus, 175
Setting board; glazier's, 2228. Knife, gla- zier's, ib. Severey, 415, p. 1046
Seville; cathedral, 368, 595, 599 Sewers; their use, size and form, 1887 et seq. Shade, as distinguished from shadow, 2459 Shadows; method of projecting in architec- tural drawings, 2458-2484. Angle usually employed for the light, 2459-2462. Ex- amples, 2464 et seq. On steps, 2468. Of modillions, 2469-2471. On triglyphs, 2472 Of consoles, 2473. Of niches, 2475. Of pediments, 2476. Of bases, 2180. Of Tuscan, Ionic, and Corinthian capitals, 2480-2484
Shaft; Gothic, p. 976. Filleted, p. 989. In vaulting, p. 980 et seq. Of stone, strength of, 1502g. Of coloured stone, in spec1, 22846. How measured, 2358 Shaftesbury house, Aldersgate Street, 462 ventilator, 2278q
Shah Abbas; caravanserai of, 51
Meidan; at Ispahan, 51
Sham; ceilings, 2023g. Vaulting, 1499bb Shapes of beams and girders, 1628p et seq. Sharpe, Edmund, architect; on the pointed arch, 303, 307b; author of Architectural Parallels, p. 971
Shawk stone, 16662 Shear steel, 1772
Shearing or detrusion, 1631n et seq. In iron, 1629c. Of stones, 1502i
Sheephouse quarries, Drogheda, 1666bb Sheerness docks, 1671e
Sheet; copper, 1789. Glass, 18 8a, 1870a, 1872. Iron, weight and thickness, 2254. Lead, 1783; thickness of, 2215a Sheli lac for protecting stone, 1667n Shelving; of slate, 2211q
Shene, Surrey; palace, 424
Sherborne, Dorsetshire; minster, 398. Porch, p. 998
Sheriff Hutton, Yorkshire; palace, 426 Sheringham's ventilator, 2278p
Shingles; in roofing, 2224. Imitation of, on stone spires, p. 1000
Shoes; for shutters, 2225f. Of iron for timber, 1746. Of iron in roofing, 2043 et seq. Shone's sewage ejector, 1887c, 1887d Shooting, 2102
Shop fittings, in spec, 2285e. Fronts of iron, 2255ƒ; in spec., 2285d
Shoring, 1889. In spec., 2284e, 2285 Shorland's tubes, 2278s. Grate, 2279d Short and long work, 19226
Shoulders; in coursed masonry, 1925g. In framing, 2175a
Shrewsbury; St. Mary and St. Alkmund churches, p. 1002. Pedestal of Lord Clive, 1671a
Shute, John; architect, 438
Shutter; bars, 2263, 2148b. Shoes, ib. Shutters, 2146-2148. In spec., 2285c. Box- ings, in spec., 2285c. Revolving iron, 2255f. Of wood, in spec., 2285e. Sliding, in spec., 2285c. Outside, in spec., 2285c. Sicilian Gothic architecture, 626
marble, 1666e, 1677 et seq., 2002hh Sicily; marbles of, 1678a. Pointed arch in, 306. Temples in, 147, p. 943 Siculo-Norman style, 626
Side; boards, 2102. Hook, 2121
Siena; cathedral, 613, 615. Proportion of,
p. 1008. San Francesco, ib. Houses, 614. Pal. Buonsignori, 614. Pal. Piccolomini, 329; cornice, 2725. Pal. Spanocchi; cor- nice, 2725
Siena marble, 1678
Signia; Cyclopean remains, 32 Siguenza; cathedral, 587, 598 Silica and lime, 1859c
Silicate cotton, or slag wool, 2247, 2971c Silicate of iron paint, 2273g
Sill; of a partition, 2025. Of a window, in spec., 22846
Siloe, Diego de; architect, 368 Similar figures, 958-968 Similarity of work, p. 969
Simpson, Archibald; architect, 2043 Sine of an arc, 1039
Single axed; to granite, 1915c
Single; flooring, 2014. Slates, 2211c. Framed
roof, 2052m, 2052q. Stones; early practice of erecting, and of what probable emblem,
Skynners, Sir Vincent; house for, 440
Slab; of slate, 1810. Generally used, 2211p. In rooting, 2210h Slag; in mortar, 1859d Slag wool, 2247, 2971c Slaking lime, 1843d, 1848, 1859h Slate, 1798 et seq. Descriptions of, 1798. Quarries, 1800. Properties of, 1801. Dif- ferent sorts, 1802 et seq., 2211e et seq. Tests of quality of, 1807 et seq. Strength of, 2211e. Use of, in Pembrokeshire, 2211o. Defect in constructions of it, ib. Hips and ridge, 2211. Roll ribbing, ib. Slope of roofs for, 2030. Names and sizes, 2211c. Number to cover a square, 22116. Slabs, 2211p.; in spec., 2283a
- articles, &c., 1804. Dowels, 1925f. Ground for plastering, 2246d. Of glass, 2231. Enamelled, 2211r
Slater's work; in spec., 2282c. How measured, 2370
Slating, 2209 et seq. Open, 2210c. Patent, 22102
Slaugham, Sussex; house for Sir W. Covert,
Sleaford, Lincolnshire; church, 398
Sleepers; timber for, 17297. How measured, 2331. Walls, in spec., 2282a. Oak for, in spec., 2285. Blocks of earthenware, 1886d Sliding of voussoirs, 1495a Slope or pitch of a roof, 20406, 2052u Slotting a bar, 22551
Slow combustion grates, 2279d Small cut brads; glazier's, 2226
Smirke, Sir Robert; architect, 520
Smithson, Huntingdon; architect, 443 Robert; architect, 440, 443
Smoke flues, 3052. Overheating, 3062 Smyrna; tumulus neer, 304 Soaking bricks in water, 1900b Soane, Sir John; architect, 523. Sod kiln; for lime, 1846 Sofites, in spec., 2285c Softening water, 2223h Soil pipes, 2223g, 2223k
Soils; best for foundations, 1882, 1883. To cover in basement, 1886f. In spec., 2281 Soissons; St. Pierre, 534. St. Jean des Vignes, 545
Solar cell; of the baths of Caracalla, 235 Solari, Christofano; architect, 623 Solder; for lead work, 2223n. For copper, iron, brass, and pewter, 2224d
Soldering, 2223f; 2223h. Zinc, 1797 Solids, 979-995. Mensuration of, 1229 et seq. See "Mensuration"
to voids; ratio of, in vertical sections of Gothic buildings, 1583e. See "Points of Support "
Solmone; aqueduct and house, 625 Solutions, fireproof, 2971f
Somerset house, London, 518 et seq., 2893. Old; ground plan of, 440. Water front, 459 Somersetshire; churches in the florid English style, 423
Sompting, Sussex; church tower, p. 971 Soufflot, Jacques G.; architect, 3c1, p. 1048 Souillac; church, 307, 535
Sound boarding. See "Pugging" Sound. See "Isacoustic curve
"Theatre." Non-conductor of; see Slag wool." Wood as a conductor, 2964 South Wingfield, Derbyshire; mansion, 426 South Wraxhall, Somersetshire; hall roof,
Southampton; new church, 525
Southfleet, Kent; church roof, 20520
Southwark, Surrey; church of St. Mary Overies, or St. Saviour's, 421; vaulting ribs, p. 980. Of St. Olave, 512
Southwell, Nottinghamshire;
church, 389. Founders and dimensions, p. 197. East windows, p. 988. Porch, p. 998 Sow; of lead, 1782
Spain; marbles of, 1680. Architecture of, 367 et seq., 584
Spalatro (properly Spalato); joggled arches, 1925e. Niches, 2775
Spandril; in vaulting, 2002e Spanish white, 2274
Spazi, L. de'; architect, 623 Speaking tubes, 2262a Special subjects, 2861 et seq. Specifications, 2280 et seq.
Spey, Johann von; architect, 579 Sphæristerium; of the Greek gymnasium, 175 Sphere; surface or segment, 1237. Solidity of a, 1238. Solidity of a spherical segment, 1239. Its resistance, 1592d
Spherical surfaces; to form in joinery, 2208. Vaulting, 1478-1493
Spires, p. 1000 et seq. Construction of,
In spec., 22846. Of iron, p. 1005. Of zine, 2224k. With open tracery, p. 1005. wood, at Breslau, 579. Of stone, at Thomar, 607. At Salisbury, p. 1052; thickness of stone, ib. Lofty, in Belgium, 560. Of brick, ib. Gothic, wrought into Italian architecture, 484
Spires, or Speyer; cathedral, 287
Splays, ramps, and chases; in spec., 2282b Split oak for pales, 21256 Splitting slates, 2211d Sprinkler, automatic, 2971i
Square; bricklayer's, 1890. Bricklayer's large, ib. Glazier's, 2226. Joiner's, 2118. Mitre,
Staffordshire tile, 1908c Stages of mouldings, p. 979 Stained glass, 2231b Stains for wood, 2276e. In spec., 2290a Staircases, 2796 et seq. Designing of, impor- tant, 2797. Light in, 2798. Of the Greeks and Romans, 2799. Few remains of, at Pompeii, 2800. Of the Trinnà de' Monti and Araceli, 2802. Palladio's rules for forming, 2803, 2804. Various sorts, 2805. Winding or spiral, 2806. Palladio's rules for, 2806, 2807. Spiral, with solid newel, 2808. Spiral, with open newel, 2809. El- liptical, with open newel, 2810. Elliptical, with solid newel, 2811. Easiness of ascent in, 2813. Blondel's rule, 2814. How measured, 2357
Stairs; iron circular, 2255. Back and prin- cipai of stone, in spec., 2284c. Of wood, in spec., 2285c, 2285d
stone, 1926 et seq. With solid or open newel, 1926. Geometrical, 1927-1929. Landings, half paces and quarter paces of, 1929. Thickness of steps, 1928. Rules for risers and treads, 2177-2179. Carriage, &c. of. 2026. Deal, in spec., 2285e, 2293c Stall board; in spec., 2285e. In stables, in spec., 2285h. Dressings, in spec.. 2285h Stalls; in churches, 2192a. At Winchester cathedral, p. 984. At Selby, p. 985. At Lan- caster, ib. In Henry VII.'s chapel, p. 986 Stamford, Lincolnshire; parochial church, 421. All Saints church, porch, p. 999 Stamped or incised plaster, 2245a
Stancheons; to windows, 2229c. Strength of, 1 1631i et seq. In spec., 2286a
Stancliffe stone, 1666
Standard; of deals, 1729
Stanford s joint for drains, 1888a
Staplehurst Kent; church door, 2145a Starston, Norfolk; church, 2052r Stassins, Jan; architect, 559
Stationes; of the Greek gymnasium, 175 Statues, 2773 et seq. Founding of, 2266. King William IV., 1671b. At Portsmouth Aberdeen, &c., 1671f. See "Niches" Steam; in warming, 22796, 2979m Steel, 1633-1635 1764, 1769 et seq. Shearing of, 16318. Plates, strength of, 1650r. Columns, 2255. Ornament, 22550 Steel decking for floors, 1903p
Steely iron, or semi-steel, 1769a, 1773 Steenhoukebelde, Thiery de; architect, 559 Steening wells, 1829. În spec., 22826 Steeple; octagonal, in Spain, 590. Of zinc, 2224k. See "Spire"
S einbach, Erwin and Johann von; architects, 770
Stellar form of vaulting, 1499y et seq., 2002w Stench trap; to drain, 2220j. In spec., 2288a Stepping; to flashing, 2211k
Steps. 2180a. And risers, to proportion, 2177, 2178a. Of slate, 2211q. Of black marble, 1683. Arches to carry, in spec., 2282a. To chancel, in spec., 2281c Stereotomy. See " Masonry" Stevens, John; architect, 561 Stewing stoves, in spec., 22826 Stewkley, or Stukely, Buckinghamshire; church, 389
Steyning, Sussex; parochial church, 398. Proportion of, p. 1018. Cap and base of pier, p. 1020
Steyning or steening wells, 1829 Sticking; in moulded work, 2105
Stickles, Robert; architect, 440
Stieglitz, C. L.; writer, p. 1009, p. 1011 Stiffness; in a beam, 1628v, 1630h. Of bodies, 1630i
Stirling, Morries; improvements in iron, 1628n Stirrup irons, in spec., 2286
-; bricks, 1820, 1822. Locks, 2261 Stoke-Pogis hou-e, Buckinghamshire, 446 Stone; early working of, 10. Quarried and worked with skill by the Egyptians, 73. For Cologne cathedral, 573, 574. In Spanish churches, 585. In spec., 2284 et seq. -1636 et seq. Freestone, 1637. Limestones and sandstones, ib. Requisite qualities, 1639. Report on selecting stone for the new Houses of Parliament, 1641-1665. List of sandstone, limestone, magnesian limestone, and oolitic stone quarries in the provinces, 1664, 1665. List of buildings of sandstone, p. 462-465. List of buildings of limestone, p. 465-468. List of buildings of magnesian limestone, p. 468–470. Ana- lysis of sixteen different s rts of stone, 1666. Crushing weights, 1500-1502, 1502h. 1582. Table of weights, 1666a, 1666b, S ones used in the metropolis, 1666c. Var- ious stones used, 1666d-1666bb. Quarrying, 1666cc. French building stones, 1666hk. Kentish ragstone, 1666dd
decay of, 1640, 1667 et seq. Effects of wind, sun, heat and cold, 1667f. Dressings,
in spec., 2284. Walling, random, in spec.. 2284. Preservation of, 1667h et seq. Arti- ficial, 16670 et seq. Absorption of water, 1667 w
Stone age, 1913. Bricks, 19030. Lime, 1849; 1859h. Coloured, 1666e. Pipe, 2223p. In spec., 2282a, 2293b. Cutting; see" Masonry." Kent; church, p. 1020, p. 1028 Nicholas; mason, 313, 440, 462 buildings, Lincoln's Inn, 515
Stonehenge; account of, 18. By Inigo Jones, 457-461. By Mr. Cunnington, 19, 40. Not built by the Britons, 80, 388 Stoneware, 1839e, 1908a. Pipes, 1888a, 2223p. Bonding bricks, 1902c
Stop; to chamfers and mouldings, 21756 Stop-cock for gas; in spec., 2293
Stopping and picking out tools; plasterer's, 2233
in painter's work, 2270. In spec., 2290a Story; posts and curb for, in spec., 2284c, 2285a, 2285b. Rod, for stairs, 2182 Stoves, 2279d, 2279e. For gas, 2264i, 2279e Stowting, Kent; church, lead of glass, 2229a
Straight-edge, 2123. Plasterer's, 2233 Straight-joint floor, 2168 Straining-piece, 2034
Strains; on beams and girders, 1628e et seq. On roof framing, 2031. On inclined timbers, 1662
Strap; in carpentry, 2011. To roofs, in spec., 2286, 2286a
Strassburg; cathedral, 322, 567, 570. Pro- portion, p. 1011. Masons employed at, 312, 315. Spire, p. 1005. Carving at, 311 Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire; paro- chial church, 314, 408, 421 Straw; in thatching, 2211s Strelly, Nottinghamshire; church porch, p.999 Streng h of materials. 1500 et seq.
beam, 1628v. Of bodies to resist deflection, 1630h. Of various timbers, 1632a
S retching; resistance to, 1630i
String courses, p. 981 et seq. Or bands to spires, p. 1003. In spec., 228 a Strings; of stairs, 2026. In spec., 2285d Striped work; in masonry, 1914 Striping; in masonry, 1914
Stripping walls before re-papering, 2277f.
The surface, in spec., 2281
Strode & Co's ventilator for gas, 2278v Stroking; in masonry, 1910 Strong closets; in spec., 22826 Strong, Thomas; master mason, 469
Struts; in carpentry, 2009, 2021a, 2031.
Strength of, 1631i et seq. And braces, abut- men's for, 20:0
Strutt, or Belper stove, 2279f
Strutting pieces, 2018
Stuart, Jaines; architect, 516, 525, 2047
granolithic paving, 1905c
Styles of architecture, all dependent on fitness, 2508. Principles of, p. 1047
Subdivisions and apartments of buildings, and their points of support, 2848. Vaults for
covering, how arranged, 2849-2854 Subiaco; monastery of Sta Scolast ca, 614 Subterranean style of Egypt; caused by the climate, 64
Sudatio; of the Greek gymnasium, 175. Of the Roman baths, 235, 236
Sudely, Gloucestershire; house, 423 Suffolk; bricks, 1820, 1831a. Latch, 2262 Lord; house for, 440
Sugar; effect of, on iron, 1779c Sully-sur-Loire; roof, 2052i, 2052q Sulphate of copper, 1752c Summer; building in, 1832a Summer hill, Kent, 452
Sun Fire office; plinth, 16716 Sunium; temple, p. 943, p. 945 Sun lights, 2264e
Superficies; mensuration of, 1212-1228. Sez "Mensuration"
Superintendents of English buildings in the middle ages, 312
Supervisor. 312, 319, 320 Supplement; of an arc, 1038 Supports. See "Points" Surfaces, 929-934
Survey of Gothic buildings; system of not- ing, p. 975
Surveyor, 312, 319. General, 319 Susa; arch of Augustus, p. 962 Suspending rods; in roofing, 2043 Sussex marble, 1681g
Sutton Place. Surrey; 1908a
Swansea, Glamorganshire; castle, 413, 414 Swardestone, Norfolk; church roof, 2052p Swedish timber, 1729f
Swift, dean; his ignorance of art, 491 Swinbrook, Oxfordshire; bench end, p. 986 Sybil; temple of the, at Tivoli, 214, 2547 Scamore, 1724
Sydenham, Surrey; palace at, p. 1057 Syenite, 1669. Crushing weight of, 1502h Svenitic granite, 1669, 1671g
Sylvester's process for protecting stone and brickwork, 1667n. System of ventilat on, 2278y. Stoves, 2279d, 2279e
Symmetry; in architecture, 2510, p. 958 Syphon trap, 2220g; 22231. In spec., 2288a Tank, 1888h
Syphonage, 1888, 2220h, 2223m
Syphonic aspirator ventilation, 2278u Syracuse, 626. Temples, p. 943 Houses, 626 Systyle intercolumniation, 2605.
Sz relmey's process for preserving stone, 1667m
sepulchral tower of the Chinese, 105
Stuart's 2230d et se pa nis, d. 2236; 2243. Tiny metallic cement, 1667
Painting, 2269. In Ireland, 2250g. In spec.,
Tabernacle, or canopy; plan of, p. 975 Tables, or stone courses, 19226, p. 979 Tablinum; of a Roman house, 248, 253 Tacks, 2257a, 2257d
Tadmor or Palmyra; extraordinary struc-
tur s, 196, 197
Tai; of the Chinese, 106
Taking down, in spec., 2281
Talenti, Francisco; architect, 323
Tarragona; cathedral, 587, 592. marks, 3226
Tarring fence, in spec., 2285h
Tas de charge; in vaulting, 2002e
Tassels; in a roof, 2052f
Taste; in architecture, 2492. Standard of,
Telekouphonon; for speaking tube, 2262a Tempering iron, 1769a
Temple Newsham, Yorkshire; house, 452 Temple, 76 et seq., 142 et seq., 196 et seq., 2547 et seq. Proportion of, p. 1057 et seq. See in GLOSSARY
Templet; bricklayer's, 1890. Or Mould, 1890, p. 1019. Carpenter's, in spec., 2285 Tenons, 2008
Tensile strain; in stone and marble, 15020
s rength, 1628e, 1628n, 1630p. Of cast iron, 1630s
Tension, 1628e, 1630c. Rod to a beam, 20216 Tentyra; temple at, 71, 78, 80, 91 Teocallis; houses of gods of the Mexicans, 111, 113
Teos; temple, p. 951
Teotihuacan; pyramids of, 111
Teotocopoli, Domenico; architect, 369 Tepidarium; of the Roman baths, 235 Terminus. 2686
Terni; church of San Francesco, 613 Terra-cotta. 16670, 1839g et seq. Porous, 1903r. Architectural use of, 1908. Colours in, 1908t. S rength of, 19080. And brick church, 624. Work, in Spain, 585; and other places, 1908 Terras, 1859c, 1859e
Terro-metallic; tiles, 1835. Grooved bricks, 1905c
Tertiary French Gothic. See "Flamboyant " Tesseræ, 1839c
Testing; cast and wrought iron, and steel. 2266a. A beam, 1630ƒ. Stone, 1500 et seq., 2266d. Bricks, 1502k. Drains, 1888p. Timber, 1603 et seq., 2266h. Cement, 2262e
Testing machines, 2266a et seq., 2266f et seq. Tetbury, Gloucestershire; church, 514 Tetrastyle temple, 2528 et seq.
Tettoje, or penthouse roof, 614
Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire; monastery, 389. Conventual church, 421. Shafts of, p. 1023. Choir, p. 948
Thames; ballast, 1861. Embankment, 16716, 1671c
Thaon, Normandy; church, 547. Spire p. 1000
Thaxted, Essex; parochial church, 421 Theatre; in Rome, 185, 226, 258. Of Æmilius Scaurus, ib. Toat by Curio, ib. Of Mar- cellus, ?26, 258, 2547. That of Pompeii, 227 of the Greeks, 172. First constructed in a temporary manner, ib.
roof of old Drury Lane, 2048 Theatres; modern, 2947 et seq. By Bramante, ib. Their revival, 2949. Points for con- sideration in, 2952. Forms of, 2953, 2957. Wyatt's principles, 2956. Sizes of, and sch mes for hearing and seeing, 2957-296k. Use of semicircle in, 2965. Distance from stage to boxes, 2968. Seeing in, 2969. Foreign theatres, 2972
Late suggestions for improving, 2970 et seq. Ingress and egress, 2970, 2971. Crosh room, 2970, 2971. Passages, ib. Staircases, ib., 2970b. Openings, 2970a. Doorways, ib. Departments, 2971. Fire- proof work at, 2971a. Curtain, 29716. Lighting, electric and gas. 2971g. Ven- tilation, 2971h. Fire at, ib. Water for,
2971h et seq. Fireproof theatres, 2971/ et
Reference to publications, 2971m,
Themis; tmple at Rhamnus, p. 944, p. 945 Theobalds, Hertfordshire; house, 446 Theodoric, king; architecture under, 278. His mausoleum at Ravenna, ib. His suc- cessors, 279
Theodosius, emperor; architecture under, 271 The dosius II., emperor; architecture under, 271. His works at Constantinople, 271 Theron; tomb, at Agrigentum, 158 Theseus; temple, at Athens, 150, p. 944 Thienen, Jacques van; architect, 562 Thiers; churches of St. Nectaire, St. Sym- phorien, and St. Genès, 534
Thirt Pointed work; proportion in, p. 1017 Thirds; in proportion, p. 983 Thomar; cloisters of the Templars, 600. Nossa Senhora dos Olivaes, ib. Choir, 601. San João Battista, 607
Thornbury, Gloucestershire; palace, 426. Bay window at castle, 428
Thornton college; for Sir Vincent Skynners,
Thorpe, John; architect, his folio volume of drawings, 440. Observations on by Wal- pole, 441. Design for his own house, ib. Thorpland, Norfolk; hall porch, p. 999 Through stones, 1920
Thrust; of an arch, 1408-1412, 1496 Thuin, Jean de, and his son; architects, 559 Thumb; screws, 2263. Latch, 2262 Oven, of the Greek theatre, 172 Tie-beam, 2031. Roofs, 2031 et seq., 2052m, 20520
rods to a beam, 1629w. And suspension bars, strength of, 1603r Tierceron; in vaulting, 1499f
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