.ginniftan fairy-land جنستان The learner muft remember, that when these compounds are used as distinct fubftantives, the termination of the plural, and I of the oblique cafe, muft be added to the end of them, as a girl with feet ( شیرین دهن .Sing Nom lips شیرین دهنرا Ob1 .lips شیرین دهنا نرا Ob1. Plur. Nom. girls with sweet The Perfian vérbs are compounded either with nouns and adjectives, or with prepofitions and other particles. The verbs chiefly used in to dos كردن the firft fort of compofition are ta ساختن to have داشتن ,to bring آوردن to order, to devour, ☺j make, . to fee, to take, and to find. The most common of thefe is which is کردن joined in all its inflexions to a multitude of Arabick gerunds or verbal nouns, as well as to .ikrar kerden to confes اقرار کردن .intizar kerden to expect انتظار کردن .raja kerden to return رجوع کردن تمام کردن temâm kerden to complete. .por kerden to fill پر کردن .terk kerden to leave ترک کردن .(tula kerden to rife (oriri طلوع کردن Thus Hafiz, صبحست ساقیا قدحي پر شراب كن دور فلک درنگ ندارد شتاب كن خورشيد مي زمشرف ساغر طلوع کرد گر برك عيش ميطلبني ترک خواب كن It is morning; boy, fill the cup with wine: the rolling heaven makes no delay, therefore haften. The fun of the wine rifes from the east of the cup: if thou seekest the delights of mirth, leave thy fleep. .hujim averden to aault هجوم آوردن .yad averden to remember یاد آوردن .ajeb dahten to twonder عجب داشتن .mazir dafhten to excufe معذور داشتن .hefed berden to enay جسد بردن .itikad berden to believe اعتقاد بردن .ghemm khorden to grieve غم خوردن .feugend khorden to fivear سوگند خوردن .rúthen fakhten to enlighten روشن ساختن .ter takhten to moiften تر ساختن .iltifat numûden to esteem التفات نمودن medhath gefhten to be af مدهوش گشتن tonifbed. gemnak gerdidon to be غمناک كرديدن afflicted. .pedeed ameden to appear پدید آمدن .ihfan deeden to be benefited احسان دیدن .perverifh yaften to be educated پرورش یافتن .kerar griften to be confirmed قرار گرفتن are very fre فرمودن and زدن The verbs نعره زدن quently ufed in composition, as nâreh zeden to call aloud, fikr fer múden to confider; thus Geláleddîn Rúzbehár, تا بحمد تو نعره زد بلبل همه گوشم چون درخت كل While the nightingale fings thy praises with a loud voice, I am all ear like the stalk of the rofe-tree. and Hafiz, فكر معقول بغرما كل ببخار کجاست Confider attentively; where is a rose without a thorn ? Some of the particles, with which verbs are compounded, are fignificant, and others redundant and ornamental, as in. .der ameden to enter در آمدن . In the present tenfe of a compound verb the particle is inferted between the two words مي of which it is composed, as to fill. Sometimes the two words of which a verb is compounded are placed at a great distance from each other, as صبا بلطف بگو آن غزال رعنا را که سر بکوه و بیابان تو داده مارا "O western breeze, fay thus to yon tender "fawn, thou haft confined us to the hills and ،، deferts.” 10 سر دادن the preteriter of سر داده where سر confine, reléguer, is feparated by three words. The noun has a number of different fenfes, and is therefore the most difficult word in the Perfian language; it fignifies the bead, the top, the point, the principal thing, the air, defire, love, will, intention, &c. and fometimes its meaning is fo vague that it seems a mere expletive, though the Perfians undoubtedly feel its force. There are derivative verbs in Persian, as in Hebrew and Arabick, which may be called caufals; they are formed from the tranfitive and fome انیدن into یدن verbs by changing asایانیدن times into تا بایانیدن and تابانیدن .to hine تابیدن to caufe to fine. |