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hand of a shepherd! Earth and hell share him betwixt them. Such is the end of insolence and presumption. O God, what is flesh and blood to thee, who canst make a little pebble-stone stronger than a giant, and, when thou wilt, by the weakest means, canst strew thine enemies in the dust! Where now are the two shields of Goliah, that they did not bear off this stroke of death! or wherefore serves that weaver's beam, but to strike the earth in falling! or that sword, but to behead his master! What needed David load himself with an unnecessary weapon? one sword can serve both Goliah and him. If Goliah had a man to bear his shield, David had Goliah to bear his sword, wherewith that proud blasphemous head is severed from his shoulders. Nothing more honours God, than the turning of wicked men's forces against themselves. There are none of his enemies but carry with them their own destruction. Thus didst thou, O son of David, foil Satan with his own weapon, that whereby he meant destruction to thee and us, vanquished him through thy mighty power, and raised thee to that glorious triumph and super-exaltation wherein thou art, wherein we shall be with thee!

CONTEMPLATION V.

Jonathan's Love, and Saul's Envy.

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BESIDES the discomfiture of the Philistines, David's victory had a double issue,-Jonathan's love, and Saul's envy, which God so mixed, that the one was a remedy of the other. A good son makes amends for a wayward father. How precious was that stone that killed such an enemy as Goliah, and purchased such a friend as Jonathan! All Saul's courtiers looked upon David; none so affected him, none did match him but Jonathan: that true correspondence, that was both in their faith and valour, hath knit their hearts. David did set upon a bear, a lion, a giant; Jonathan had set upon a whole host and prevailed: the same spirit animated both; the same faith incited both; the same hand prospered both. All Israel was not worth this pair of friends, so zealously confident, so happily victorious. Similitude of dispositions and estates ties the fastest knots of affection. wise soul hath piercing eyes, and hath quickly discerned the likeness of itself in another; as we do no sooner look into the

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glass or water, but face answers to face, and, where it sees a perfect resemblance of itself, cannot choose but love it with the same affection that it reflects upon itself.

No man saw David that day, which had so much cause to disaffect him; none in Israel should be a loser by David's success, but Jonathan. Saul was sure enough settled for his time, only his successor should forego all that which David should gain; so as none but David stands in Jonathan's light; and yet all this cannot abate one jot or dram of his love. Where God uniteth hearts, carnal respects are too weak to dissever them, since that, which breaks off affection, must needs be stronger than that which conjureth it.

Jonathan doth not desire to smother his love by concealment, but professes it in his carriage and actions: he puts off the robe that was upon him, and all his garments, even to his sword, and bow and girdle, and gives them unto his new friend. It was perhaps not without a mystery, that Saul's clothes fitted not David, but Jonathan's fitted him, and these he is as glad to wear, as he was to be disburdened of the other that there might be a perfect resemblance, their bodies are suited, as well as their hearts. Now the beholders can say, There goes Jonathan's other self; if there be another body under those clothes, there is the same soul. Now David hath cast off his russet coat, and his scrip, and is a shepherd no more; he is suddenly become both a courtier and a captain, and a companion to the prince; yet himself is not changed with his habit, with his condition; yea, rather, as if his wisdom had reserved itself for his exaltation, he so manageth a sudden greatness, as that he winneth all hearts. Honour shews the man; and if there be any blemishes of imperfection, they will be seen in the man that is unexpectedly lifted above his fellows: he is out of the danger of folly, whom a speedy advancement leaveth wise.

Jonathan loved David, the soldiers honoured him, the court favoured him, the people applauded him; only Saul stomached him, and therefore hated him, because he was so happy in all besides himself. It had been a shame for all Israel, if they had not magnified their champion. Saul's own heart could not but tell him, that they did owe the glory of that day, and the safety of himself and Israel, unto the sling of David, who, in one man, slew all those thousands at a blow. It was enough for the puissant king of Israel to follow

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the chase, and to kill them whom David had put to flight; yet he, that could lend his clothes and his armour to this exploit, cannot abide to part with the honour of it to him that had earned it so dearly. The holy songs of David had not more quieted his spirits before, than now the thankful song of the Israelitish women vexes him. One little ditty, of Saul "hath slain his thousands, and David his ten thousands,' sung unto the timbrels of Israel, fetched again that evil spirit, which David's music had expelled. Saul needed not the torment of a worse spirit than envy. O the unreasonableness of this wicked passion! The women gave Saul more and David less, than he deserved; for Saul alone could not kill a thousand, and David, in that one act of killing Goliah, slew in effect all the Philistines that were slain that day; and yet, because they gave more to David than to himself, he that should have indited, and begun that song of thankfulness, repines, and grows now as mad with envy as he was before with grief. Truth and justice are no protection against malice. Envy is blind to all objects, save other men's happiness. If the eyes of men could be contained within their own bounds, and not rove forth into comparisons, there could be no place for this vicious affection: but, when they have once taken this lawless scope to themselves, they lose the knowledge of home, and care only to be employed abroad in their own torment.

Never was Saul's breast so fit a lodging for the evil spirit, as now that it is dressed up with envy. It is as impossible that hell should be free from devils, as a malicious heart. Now doth the frantic king of Israel renew his old fits, and walks and talks distractedly; he was mad with David, and who but David must be called to allay his madness? Such was David's wisdom, he could not but know the terms wherein he stood with Saul; yet, in lieu of the harsh and discordant notes of his master's envy, he returns pleasing music unto him. He can never be a good courtier, nor good man, that hath not learned to repay, if not injuries with thanks, yet evil with good. While there was a harp in David's hand, there was a spear in Saul's, wherewith he threatens death, as the recompense of that sweet melody. He said, "I will smite David through to the wall." It is well for the innocent, that wicked men cannot keep their own counsel. God fetcheth their thoughts out of their mouths, or their

countenance, for a seasonable prevention, which else might proceed to secret execution. It was time for David to withdraw himself; his obedience did not tie him to be the mark of a furious master; he might ease Saul with his music, with his blood he might not: twice therefore doth he avoid the presence, not the court, nor the service of Saul.

One would have thought rather, that David should have been afraid of Saul, because the devil was so strong with him, than that Saul should be afraid of David, because the Lord was with him; yet we find all the fear in Saul of David, none in David of Saul. Hatred and fear are ordinary companions. David had wisdom and faith to dispel his fears; Saul had nothing but infidelity, and dejected, self-condemned distempered thoughts, which must needs nourish them; yet Saul could not fear any hurt from David, whom he found so loyal and serviceable: he fears only too much good unto David; and the envious fear is much more than the distrustful. Now David's presence begins to be more displeasing than his music was sweet: despite itself had rather prefer him to a remote dignity, than endure him a nearer attendant. This promotion increaseth David's honour and love; and his love and honour aggravates Saul's hatred and fear.

Saul's madness hath not bereaved him of his craft; for, perceiving how great David was grown in the reputation of Israel, he dares not offer any personal or direct violence to him, but hires him into the jaws of a supposed death, by no less price than his eldest daughter. "Behold my eldest daughter Merab, her will I give thee to wife; only be a valiant son to me, and fight the Lord's battles." Could ever man speak more graciously, more holily? What could be more graciously offered by a king than his eldest daughter? What care could be more holy than of the Lord's battles? Yet never did Saul intend so much mischief to David, or so much unfaithfulness to God, as when he spake thus. There is never so much danger of the falsehearted, as when they make the fairest weather. Saul's spear bade David be gone, but his plausible words invite him to danger. This honour was due to David before, upon the compact of his victory; yet he, that twice inquired into the reward of that enterprise before he undertook it, never demanded it after that achievement; neither had Saul the justice to offer it as a recompense of so noble an exploit, but as a snare to envied victory. Charity suspects not: David

construes that, as an effect and argument of his master's love, which was no other but a child of envy, but a plot of mischief; and though he knew his own desert, and the justice of his claim to Merab, yet he, in a sincere humility, disparageth himself, and his parentage, with a " Who am I!"

As it was not the purpose of this modesty in David to reject, but to solicit the proffered favour of Saul, so was it not in the power of this bashful humiliation to turn back the edge of so keen an envy. It helps not, that David makes himself mean, while others magnify his worth: whatsoever the colour was, Saul meant nothing to David but danger and death: and since all those battles will not effect that which he desired, himself will not affect that which he promised. If he cannot kill David, he will disgrace him. David's honour was Saul's disease: it was not likely, therefore, that Saul would add unto that honour whereof he was sick already. Merab was given unto another; neither do I hear David complain of so manifest an injustice: he knew, that the God whose battles he fought, had provided a due reward of his patience. If Merab fail, God hath a Michal in store for him; she is in love with David; his comeliness and valour hath so won her heart, that she now emulates the affection of her brother Jonathan. If she be the younger sister, yet she is more affectionate. Saul is glad of the news; his daughter could never live to do him better service, than to be a new snare to his adversary. She shall be therefore sacrificed to his envy; and her honest and sincere love shall be made a bait for her worthy and innocent husband. "I will give him her, that she may be a snare unto him, that the hand of the Philistines may be against him." The purpose of any favour is more than the value of it. Even the greatest honours may be given with an intent of destruction. Many a man is raised up for a fall. So forward is Saul in the match, that he sends spokesmen to solicit David to that honour, which he hopes will prove the highway to death. The dowry is set, an hundred foreskins of the Philistines; not their heads, but their foreskins, that this victory might be more ignominious; still thinking, Why may not one David miscarry, as well as an hundred Philistines? And what doth Saul's envy all this while, but enhance David's zeal, and valour, and glory? That good captain, little imagining that himself was the Philistine whom Saul maligned, supererogates off his master, and brings two hundred for one,

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