The negative forms of the above examples are bir evim yok, I have not a house. .tuzem yok idi, I had no salt ترزم يوق ایدی .bir kitabem yok isseh, if I have not a book برکتابم يوق ايسه The perfect and other tenses, formed by the use of | olmak, have in the negative verb the negative form of | olmak, viz. olmemak, not to be. In the perfect this gives bir kalemem olmadi, I have had no pen. ÿÿÿÿ tutunum oledjek, I shall have tobacco. توتونگز اولميهجق tutununuz olmeyehdjak, you shall not have tobacco. It is to be remembered, however, that the verb is also used in its proper impersonal sense: bir adam var dir, a man exists, there is a man; bir kishy var idy, there was برد کشی و ارایدی برکشی یوق ایدی a being; bir kishy yok idy, there was not a person. The tenses of the impersonal verb : ...', var isseh, if there be. |lg var sidy, if there had been. When possession is indicated, the name of owner is in the geni .aker had a shopبر المكينك بر دکان وار ایدی : tive The various tenses of the verb olmak are frequently used in place of the above. It will be seen that the word yok denies the existence of something denies that some quality or description belongs to a noun. In a few cases it is immaterial which of the two negatives is employed. In answer to the question, 'Is the girl here ?' either negative might be employed. .shera by var, he has wine شرابی وار .bir butchakim yok, I have not a knife بر بچقم يوق ? nema var, what have we نمز وار .tabaklerin yokidy, you had not plates طبقلرك يوغيدى EXERCISE VI. خسته دکلمیسن شهرده در اتلرمز چایرده در باغچهکز کوزلی ان كوزل در باغبانمی سن باغبان دكلم. اما چوق ان باغچهم كوزل كولم وار قاچ توتونك وارمی شهرده چوقم اما بوراده بر از بر از بکا ویر اوه توز كرك هر نسنيه توزكرك دوستمك اوغلانكز چوجق قوقوسز می در ان قوقوسز در اما عقللو دکل در بو كويكلك ان بيوك دكلمى. كوپللق كچوك دكل كويكلقده اوچ كويكم و بريسينك اشکی در اوده بر شیمز وارمی برکون بر انکلیز شهرده وار ایدی دکانده هیچ بر شی یوق در بو زنکین ادمك بر بيوك او وار ايدى. كويكك باغچهده در. اوده درمی آوده دکل در The baker is in his shop. The door of the baker's shop is large, but the window is larger. The traveller and three of his friends are in my house. The road in the mountain is very bad. There are four dogs in the kennel. Are there not five dogs in your kennel? There are three dogs in this kennel, and two dogs in my house. Is there any salt meat in this shop ? There is a black-eyed girl in the shop, but there is no salt meat. Is the gardener intelligent? The gardener is very intelligent, but his hands are very dirty. There are five knives in the box. THE REGULAR VERB. The present infinitive of the Turkish verb ends in either lo mek or mak: Ex. da bilmek, to know; aramak, to بیل : seek. The imperative is formed by cutting off this ending ara, seek. The word thus obtained is the root, and ارا ; bil, know appears in all the tenses. جی By the addition of the termination to the root djy (page 18), the name of the agent is formed:bilidjy, one who knows, a connoisseur. o sevmek, to love; sevdjy, a lover. ,ighoa idindjy, tempter, from geh etmek اغوا ایدینجی to tempt. By the addition of loo: billoo, known; Íμm serkooloo, beloved. By the addition of meh : مل سومة sevmeh, the action of loving. The tenses most commonly required are given for the verb do sevmek, to love. سورم First Present. (1) SINGULAR. severim, I love, or do love, I am accustomed to love. w seversen, thou lovest, dost love, art accustomed to love. sever, he loves, does love, is accustomed to love. PLURAL. severiz, we love, do love, are accustomed to love. jww seversiniz, you love, do love, are accustomed to love. severler, they love, do love, are accustomed to love. Second Present. (2) SINGULAR. seviorim, I am loving (now). . seviorsen, thou art loving. sevior, he is loving. PLURAL. sevioriz, we are loving. seviorsiniz, you are loving. First Imperfect. (3) SINGULAR. .seviordim or senioridim, I was loving سویو رایدم or سویوردم .seniordin or sevioridin, thou wast loving سويورايدك or سويوردك .seriordy or sevioridy, he was loving سویورایدی or سویوردی PLURAL. .seviordik or sevioridik, we were loving سويورايدك or سويوردك seviordiñiz or sevioridiñez, you were loving. سویوردیکز .seviordiler or sevioridiler, they were loving سویور ایدیلر or سویوردیلر Second Imperfect. (4) SINGULAR. .severdim, I loved, used to love سوردم and سورايدم severdin, thou lovedst. sevmish idim or seemish oldum, I had سومش ایدم or سومش اولدم PLURAL. sevehdjegiz, we shall or will love. ju sevehdjeksez, you shall or will love. Second Future. SINGULAR. gün sevmish oloorim, I shall have loved, etc., like the ایدم PLURAL. sevehiz or sevelem, that we may love. sevehler, that they may love. Imperfect. SINGULAR. pls sevehidum, that I might love, etc., like (3). سوة CONDITIONAL. Present. SINGULAR. سورسم or سورايسهم seversem or severissem, if I love. .severse or severissen, if thou lovest سورسك or سورايسك severseh or severisseh, if he loves. سورسه or سورایسه |