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By the Authors.

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14

JOURNAL

OF

THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY.

ART. VII.-The Story of Thuwannashan, or Suranna Sama Jātaka, according to the Burmese version, published at the Hanthawati Press, Rangoon. By R. F. ST. ANDREW ST. JOHN, M.R.A.S.

A PECULIARLY interesting feature of this Jātaka is the fact that it has undoubtedly been depicted on the western gateway of the Sanchi Tope (Figure 1 in Plate xxxvi. of Fergusson's "Tree and Serpent Worship"), and will illustrate what curiously erroneous theories may be evolved from imperfect data. I feel convinced that a complete knowledge of the Jātaka and other stories current in Buddhist literature would enable one to explain most of the scenes depicted on these and other Buddhist ruins. That trees and serpents were, and are, largely worshipped is not to be denied, but I think it will be clearly seen from this and other plates that Fergusson did not draw correct deductions regarding the Sanchi and Amravati Topes. In his second edition he admits this.

Fergusson gives the dates of the Sanchi gates as first century A.D.; if this be correct, it proves that this is one of the early Jataka, and that the so-called ten greater Jātaka are not all late compositions. At Plate xxxii. of the northern gate we have the Vessantara Jātaka, and at

J.R.A.S. 1894.

15