that further information relating to the subject is to be INDIAN CURRENCY = The leading idea is that one anna-one penny, one rupee 16 annas Is. 4d.; and 15 rupees = £1. (In Ceylon, the rupee is divided into 100 cents.) GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NOTES (valued, rupees 5, 10, 50, 100) circulate throughout India. The notes of the Presidencies are subject to a rate of exchange outside their respective Presidencies: they are gradually being superseded by Government of India Notes. I ANNA (distinguished from the 4 anna piece by its wavy edge). exceeding 1 tola, but not exceeding 10 tolas, I anna. every additional 10 tolas, or part of that weight, 1 anna. (BOOK POST, every 10 tolas anna). To all BRITISH POSSESSIONS 1 anna per oz. BRITISH INDIAN MONEY AND POSTAGE STAMPS are current in all NATIVE STATES. The coins and stamps of Native States are limited to the territories of their respective States. TRAVELLERS IN INDIA BURMA AND CEYLON INCLUDING ALL BRITISH INDIA, THE PORTUGUESE AND FRENCH STATES. India and the Golden Chersonese And utmost Indian Isle Taprobane, Dusk faces with white silken turbans wreathed." -MILTON, Par. Reg., iv. 74-76. TENTH EDITION WITH SEVENTY-NINE MAPS AND PLANS LONDON JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET 1919 THIS, the Tenth Edition, has been prepared by the same methods and on the same lines as the Ninth. Mr Murray and the Editor desire again to acknowledge gratefully the kindly help which they have received from a very large number of officers and others in India and England. Serious difficulties have sometimes occurred owing to the War: and it is feared that in some cases valuable information has been lost "through enemy action." If imperfections and deficiencies are noticed, these causes may be offered generally as the explanation. 1st April 1918. C. E. BUCKLAND, PREFACE TO THE NINTH EDITION THE complete revision of a Handbook is perhaps a suitable occasion for a revised preface to it, and for the brief record of the birth and growth of the work. The Handbook of India was originally published by Mr John Murray in three separate volumes, for the Bombay, Madras, and Bengal Presidencies. The first two of these parts appeared in 1859, the Bengal volume not till 1882. A fourth volume, dealing with the Panjab and North-West India, was added to them in 1883. They were all prepared by the late Captain E. B. Eastwick, M.P., who made long visits to India, in the fifties, sixties, and seventies, in order to collect the material for them on the spot. When it is recollected how incomplete the railway communications between the different parts of India then were, that the Imperial Gazetteer, edited by Sir W. W. Hunter, had not yet appeared, and that up to the time very few volumes of District Gazetteers had been issued, it will readily be conceded that Captain Eastwick's task was a difficult and laborious one, and that allowance might be fairly claimed for any shortcomings in the volumes compiled by him. รา |