On Arrangement.

IN arranging cafes there is need of feven principles; three, between the shares and the perfons, and four between perfons and perfons. Of the three principles the first is, that, if the portions of all the claffes be divided among them without a fraction, there is no need of multiplication, as if a man leave both parents and two daughters. The fecond is, that, if the portions of one class be fractional, yet there be an agreement between their portions and their perfons, then the measure of the number of perfons, whose shares are broken, must be multiplied by the root of the cafe, and its increase, if it be an increased cafe, as if a man leave both parents and ten daughters, or a woman leave a husband, both parents, and fix daughters. The third principle is, that, if their portions leave a fraction, and there be no agreement between those portions and the persons, then the whole number of the perfons, whofe fhares are broken, must be multiplied into the root of the cafe, as if a woman leave her husband and five fifters by the fame father and mother. Of the four other principles the first is, that, when there is a fractional divifion between two claffes or more, but an equality between the numbers

of the perfons, then the rule is, that one of the numbers be multiplied into the root of the cafe; as if there be fix daughters, and three grandmothers, and three paternal uncles. The fecond is, when some of the numbers equally measure the others; then the rule is, that the greater number be multiplied into the root of the cafe; as, if a man leave four wives and three grandmothers and twelve paternal uncles. The third is, when fome of the numbers are mutawafik, or compofit, with others; then the rule is, that the measure of the first of the numbers be multiplied into the whole of the fecond, and the product into the measure of the third, if the product of the third be mutawûfik, or, if not, into the whole of the third, and then into the fourth, and fo on, in the fame manner; after which the product must be multiplied into the root of the cafe: as, if a man leave four wives, eighteen daughters, fifteen female ancestors, and fix paternal uncles. The fourth principle is, when the numbers are mutabayan, or not agreeing one with another; and then the rule is, that the first of the numbers be multiplied into the whole of the fecond, and the product multiplied by the whole of the third, and that product into the whole of the fourth, and the laft product into the root of the cafe; as, if a

man leave two wives, fix female ancestors, ten daughters, and feven paternal uncles.

Section.

WHEN thou defireft to know the fhare of each clafs by arrangement, multiply what each clafs has from the root of the cafe by what thou haft already multiplied into the root of the cafe, and the product is the fhare of that clafs; and, if thou defireft to know the fhare of each individual in that class by arrangement, divide what each clafs has from the principle of the cafe by the number of the perfons in it, then multiply the quotient into the multiplicand, and the product will be the share of each individual in that class. Another method is, to divide the multiplied number by whichever class thou thinkeft proper, then to multiply the quotient into the share of that fet, by which thou haft divided the multiplied number, and the product will be the fhare of each individual in that fet. Another method is by the way of proportion, which is the cleareft; and it is, that a proportion be ascertained for the fhare of each class from the root of the cafe to the number of

per

fons one by one, and that, according to fuch proportion from the multiplied number, a share be given to each individual of that class,

On the Divifion of the Property left among Heirs among Creditors.

and

If there be a difagreement between the property left and the number arifing from the arrangement, then multiply the portion of each heir, according to that arrangement, into the aggregate of the property, and divide the product by the number of the arrangement, but, when there is an agreement between the arrangement and the property left, then multiply the portion of each heir, according to the arrangement into the measure of the property, and divide the product by the measure of the number arifing from the arrangement: the quotient is the portion of that heir in both methods. This rule is in order to know the portion of each individual among the heirs; but, in order to know the portion of each clafs of them, multiply what each class has, according to the root of the cafe, into the measure of the property left, then divide the product by the meafure of the case, if there be an agreement be

tween the property left and the cafe; but, if there be a disagreement between them, then multiply into the whole of the property left, and divide the product by the whole number arifing from the verification of the cafe; and the quotient will be the portion of that class in both methods. Now, as to the payment of debts, the debts of all the creditors ftand in the place of the arranging number.

On Subtraction.

WHEN any one agrees to take a part of the property left, fubtract his fhare from the number arifing by the proof, and divide the remainder of the property by the portions of those who remain;, as if a woman leave her husband, her mother, and a paternal uncle: now suppose that the husband agrees to take what was in his power of his bridal gift to the wife; this is deducted from among the heirs: then what remains is divided between the mother and the uncle in thirds, according to their legal shares; and thus there will be two parts for the mother, and one for the uncle.