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The Group of the Floods (og ha gocchakam)

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The Great Intermediate Set of Pairs (ma hantara-dukam)

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The Group on Grasping (u pā dāna-gocchaka m)...

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The Group on the Corruptions (kilesa-gocchak am)

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The Supplementary Set of Pairs (piṭṭhidu kam)

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On the Supplementary Digest appended to the Dhamma-Sangani,
and entitled, in the Commentary, the Atthakathā-
kandam or Atthuddha ro

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Abh. S.-Abhidhammattha-Sangaha. ·

Asl.-Atthasālinī.
Div.-Divyāvadāna.

J. P. T. S.-Journal of the Pali Text Society.

J. R. A. S.-Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society.

M. B. V.-Maha Bodhi Vansa.

Mah.- Mahā Vansa.

Mil.-Milinda Pañho.

S. B. E.-Sacred Books of the East.

Sum.-Sumangala-Vilasinī.

Vis. M.-Visuddhi Magga.

[By 'printed text,' or simply 'text,' is always meant the edition published in 1885 by the Pali Text Society, unless otherwise stated.]

INTRODUCTORY ESSAY.

I.

The Manual and the History of Psychology.

IF the tombs of Egypt or the ruins of Greece itself were to give up, among their dead that are now and again being restored to us, a copy of some manual with which the young Socrates was put through the mill of current academic doctrine, the discovery would be hailed, especially by scholars of historical insight, as a contribution of peculiar interest. The contents would no doubt yield no new matter of philosophic tradition. But they would certainly teach something respecting such points as preAristotelian logical methods, and the procedure followed in one or more schools for rendering students conversant with the concepts in psychology, ethics and metaphysic accepted or debated by the culture of the age.

Readers whose sympathies are not confined to the shores of the Mediterranean and Egean seas will feel a stir of interest, similar in kind if fainter in degree, on becoming more closely acquainted with the Buddhist text-book entitled Dhamma-Sangani. The English edition of the Pali text, prepared for the Pali Text Society by Professor Dr. Ed. Müller, and published fifteen years ago, has so far failed to elicit any critical discussion among Pali scholars. A cursory inspection may have revealed little but what seemed dry, prolix and sterile. Such was, at

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