d ch. 3. 45 & 4. 2, 41 & 6. 18, 24, 26, 32, al. e Cp. Tobit 13. 6.

smote it very sore, and destroyed much people out of Israel. 31 And he took the spoils of the city, and set it on fire, and pulled down the houses thereof and the walls thereof on every side. 32 And they led captive the women and the children, and the cattle they took in possession. 33 And they builded the city of David with a great and strong wall, with strong towers, and it became unto them da citadel. 34 And they put there ea sinful nation, transgressors of the law, and they strengthened themselves therein. 35 And they stored up arms See ver. 11. and victuals, and gathering together the spoils of Jerusalem, they laid them up there, and they became a sore snare: 36 and it became a place to lie in wait in against the sanctuary, and an evil adversary to Israel continually. 37 And they shed innocent blood on every side of the sanctuary, and defiled the sanctuary. 38 And the inhabitants of Jerusalem fled because of them; and she became a habitation of strangers, and she became strange to them that were born in her, and her children forsook her. 39 Her sanctuary was laid waste like a wilderness, her feasts were turned into mourning, her sabbaths into reproach, her honour into contempt. 40 According to her glory, so was her dishonour multiplied, and her high estate was turned into mourning.

51.

Cp. ch. 13. See Ps. 79.

1-3.

45

& 4. 38. 12 Mace, 6. 6.

Cp. Amos 8. 10

& Tobit 2.

6.

6. 6.

'Cp, chỉ 2. 19.

C'p. Dan. 11. 31.

"See

2 Macc. 6. 4-6.

41 And king Antiochus wrote to his whole kingdom, that all should be one *Cp. 2 Macc. people, 42 and that each should forsake his own laws. And all the nations agreed according to the word of the king; 43 and many of Israel consented to his worship, and sacrificed to the idols, and profaned the sabbath. 44 And the king sent letters by the hand of messengers unto Jerusalem and the cities of Judah, that they should follow laws strange to the land, 45m and should forbid whole burnt offerings and sacrifice and drink offerings in the sanctuary; and should profane the sabbaths and feasts, 46 and pollute the sanctuary and them that were holy; 47 that they should build altars, and temples, and shrines for idols, and Pshould sacrifice swine's flesh and unclean beasts: 48 and that they should leave their sons uncircumcised, that they should make their souls abominable with all manner of uncleanness and profanation; 49 so that they might forget the law, and change all the ordinances. 509 And whosoever shall not do according to the word of the king, he shall die. 51 According to all these words wrote he to his whole kingdom; Cp. 2 Macc. and he appointed overseers over all the people, and he commanded the cities of Judah to sacrifice, city by city. 52 And from the people were gathered together

* Cp. ch. 4. 36.

P Cp. Isai. 66.3 & 2 Macc. 6. 21.

7 2 Macc. 6.

9.

5. 22

1 circa B.C. 168. See 2 Macc. 5. 11. so in ver. 59. 3 Gr. Joannes.

& 2 Mace. 6. 11 & Heb. 11.

38.

Neh. 1. 1. Zech. 7. 1. 2 Macc. 1. 9, 18 & 10. 5.

Dan. 11. 31.
Matt. 24.

15.
Mark 13.
14.

* Cp. ch. 3.

12.

54 And on the fifteenth day of Chislev, in the hundred and forty and fifth year, they builded "an abomination of deso-ch. 4. 52, 59. lation upon the altar, and in the cities of Judah on every side "they builded idol 2 altars. 55 And at the doors of the houses and in the streets they burnt ch. 6. 7. incense. 56 And they rent in pieces the books of the law which they found, and set them on fire. 57 And wheresoever was found with any a book of the covenant, and if any consented to the law, the king's sentence delivered him to death. 58 Thus did they in their might unto Israel, to those that were found month by month in the cities. 59 And won the five and twentieth day of the month they sacrificed upon the idol altar, which was upon the altar of God. 60 And the women that had circum-*Cp.2 Macc. cised their children they put to death according to the commandment. 61 And they hanged their babes about their necks, and destroyed their houses, and them that had circumcised them. 62 And many in Israel were fully resolved and confirmed in themselves not to eat unclean things. 63 And y they chose to die, Cp.2 Macc. that they might not be defiled with the meats, and that they might not profane the holy covenant: and they died. 64 And there came exceeding great wrath upon Israel.

Woe is me! wherefore was I born to see the destruction of my people, and the destruction of the holy city, and to dwell there, when it was given into the hand of the enemy, the sanctuary into the hand of aliens? 8 Her temple isch. 5. 17. become as a man that was glorious: 9 her vessels of glory are carried away into captivity, J her infants are slain in her streets, her young men with the sword of the enemy. 10 What nation hath not inherited her palaces, and gotten possession of her spoils? 11 her adorning is all taken away; instead of free woman she is become a bond Cp. Ezek. woman: 12 and, behold, our holy things

a

2 Macc. 1. 12. See Neh. 11. 1.

I See Ps. 50. 2.

* Cp. ch. 1. 54, 59.

"See Gen. 37.29.

• See 2 Sam. 3.31.

P ch. 1. 42.

7 ch. 3. 38
& 6. 10.
Cp. ch. 10.
65

& 11. 27
& 2 Macc.
8.9.

* Cụ, chỉ 1.

45.

Cp. Josh. 24. 15.

* See Deut. 5. 32.

"Cp. Ps. 73

21.

See Deut.

13.6-9.

and our beauty and our glory are laid waste, and the Gentiles have profaned them. 13 Wherefore should we live any longer?

14 And Mattathias and his sons "rent their clothes, and put on sackcloth, and mourned exceedingly.

15 And the king's officers, that were enforcing the apostasy, came into the city a Modin to sacrifice. 16 And many of Israel came unto them, and Mattathias and his sons were gathered together. 17 And the king's officers answered and spake to Mattathias, saying, Thou art a ruler and an honourable and great man in this city, and strengthened with sons and brethren: 18 now therefore come thou first and do the commandment of the king, Pas all the nations have done, and the men of Judah, and they that remain in Jerusalem: and thou and thy house shall be in the number of the king's 7 Friends, and thou and thy sons shall be honoured with silver and gold and many gifts. 19 And Mattathias answered and said with a loud voice, If all the nations that are in the house of the king's dominion hearken unto him, "to fall away each one from the worship of his fathers, and have made choice to follow his commandments, 208 yet will I and my sons and my brethren walk in the covenant of our fathers. 211 Heaven forbid that we should forsake the law and the ordinances. 22 We will not hearken to the king's words, to go aside from our worship, on the right hand, or on the left.

23 And when he had left speaking these words, there came a Jew in the sight of all to sacrifice on the altar which was at a Modin, according to the king's commandment. 24 And Mattathias saw it, and his zeal was kindled, and his reins trembled, and he shewed forth his wrath "according to judgement, and ran, and slew him upon the altar. 25 And the king's officer, who compelled men to sacrifice, he killed at that time, and pulled down the altar. 26 And he was zealous for the law, weven as Phinehas did unto Zimri the son of Salu. 27 And Mattathias cried out in the city with a loud voice, saying, Whosoever is zealous for the law, and maintaineth the covenant, let him come forth after me. *Cp.2 Macc. 28 And he and his sons fled into the mountains, and forsook all that they had in the city.

w ver. 54.

8.

Num. 25.7, Cp. Ps. 106.

30

& Ecclus. 45.23.

5. 27.

53.

Jerusalem, the city of David, that certain men, who had broken the king's commandment, were gone down into a the secret places in the wilderness; Cp. ch. 1. 32 and many pursued after them, and having overtaken them, they encamped against them, and set the battle in array against them on the sabbath day. 33 And they said unto them, Thus far. Come forth, and do according to the word of the king, and ye shall live. 34 And they said, We will not come forth, neither will we do the word of the king, toch. 1. 45, profane the sabbath day. 35 And they hasted to give them battle. 36 And they answered them not, neither cast they a stone at them, nor stopped up athe secret places, 37 saying, Let us die all in our innocency: heaven and earth witness over us, that ye put us to death without trial. 38 And they rose up against them in battle on the sabbath, and they died, they dand their wives and their children, and their cattle, to the number of a thousand 2souls.

39 And Mattathias and his friends knew it, and they mourned over them exceed. ingly. 40 And one said to another, If we all do as our brethren have done, and fight not against the Gentiles for our lives and our ordinances, they will now quickly destroy us from off the earth. 41 And they took counsel on that day, saying, Whosoever shall come against us to battle on the sabbath day, let us fight against him, and we shall in no wise all die, as our brethren died in a the secret places. 42 Then were gathered together unto them a company of Hasi- fch. 7. 13. dæans, mighty men of Israel, every one that offered himself willingly for the law. 43 And all they that fled from the evils were added to them, and became a stay unto them. 44 And they mustered a host, and smote sinners in their an- Cp. ch. 1. ger, and lawless men in their wrath: and the rest fled to the Gentiles for safety. 45 And Mattathias and his friends went round about, and pulled down the altars; 46 and they circumcised by force the children that were uncircumcised, as many as they found in the coasts of Israel. 47 And they pursued after the sons of pride, and the work prospered in their hand. 48 And they rescued the law out of the hand of the Gentiles, and out of the hand of the kings, neither

suffered they the sinner to triumph. 49 And the days of Mattathias drew near that he should die, and he said unto his sons,

Now have pride and rebuke gotten strength, and a season of overthrow, and wrath of indignation. 50 And now, my children, be ye zealous for the law, and give your lives for the covenant of your fathers. 51 And call to

34.

A Cp. Ecclus. 49. 5 (for mg.).

"See Deut. 2. 25.

# See ch. 1. 10.

* Cp. Dan. 11. 24.

* See ch. 6. 1.

hundred men; but the residue fled into the land of the Philistines.

25 And the fear of Judas and his brethren, and the dread of them, began to fall upon the nations round about them: 26 and his name came near even unto the king, and every nation told of the battles of Judas.

27 But when king Antiochus heard these words, he was full of indignation: and he sent and gathered together all the forces of his realm, an exceeding strong army. 28 And he opened his treasury, and gave his forces pay for a year, and commanded them to be ready for every need. 29 And he saw that the money failed from his treasures, and that the tributes of the country were small, because of the dissension and plague which he had brought upon the land, to the end that he might take away the laws which had been from the first days; 30 and he feared that he should not have enough as at other times for the charges and the gifts which he gave aforetime with a liberal hand, and he abounded above the kings that were before him. 31 And he was exceedingly perplexed in his mind, and he determined to go into Persia, and to take the tributes of the countries, and to gather much money. 32 And he ch. 4. 25, 34 left Lysias, an honourable man, and one of the seed royal, to be over the affairs of the king from the river Eu2 Macc. 10. phrates unto the borders of Egypt, 33 and to bring up his son Antiochus, until he came again. 34 And he delivered unto him the half of his forces, and the elephants, and gave him charge of all the things that he would have done, and concerning them that dwelt in Judæa and in Jerusalem, 35 that he should send a host against them, to root out and destroy the strength of Israel, and the remnant of Jerusalem, and eto take 11. 13, 44, away their memorial from the place; 36 and that he should make strangers to dwell in all their coasts, and should divide their land to them by lot. 37 And the king took the half that remained of the forces, and removed from Antioch, from his royal city, the hundred and forty and seventh year; and he passed over the river Euphrates, and went through the upper countries.

& 6, 6, 17,

55

& 7. 2.

11

& 11. 1

& 13. 2

& 14. 2. a See ch. 1. 10.

See ch. 1. 17.

ch. 12. 53. 4 ch. 4. 35 & 6.63

56.

2 Macc. 4.
33.
Acts 11. 26,
al.

* ch. 6. 1.
2 Macc. 9.
23, 25,
Cp. Acts
19. 1.

/See 2 Macc.
10. 12.
9 ch. 7. 26,
33, 39, 43.

2 Macc. 8.
9, 34
& 9. 3, al.

18

& 5. 59. 2 Macc. 8. 9 & 10. 14

38 And Lysias chose/Ptolemy the son of Dorymenes, and 9 Nicanor, and GorAch. 41, 5, gias, mighty men of the king's Friends; 39 and with them he sent forty thousand footmen, and seven thousand horse, to go into the land of Judah, and to de&12 32, al. stroy it, according to the word of the king. 40 And they removed with all their host, and came and pitched near unto Emmaus in the plain country. Cp.2 Macc. 41 And the merchants of the country heard the fame of them, and took

4 See ch. 2.

18.

/ ver. 57. ch. 4. 3 & 9, 50.

8, 11, 25.

1 circa B.C. 166.

42 And Judas and his brethren saw that evils were multiplied, and that the forces were encamping in their borders; and they took knowledge of the king's words which he had commanded, to destroy the people and make an end of them; 43 and they said each man to his neighbour, Let us raise up the ruin of our people, and let us fight for our people and the holy place. 44 And the congregation was gathered together, that they might be ready for battle, and that they might pray, and ask for mercy and compassion. 45 m And Jerusalem was without inhabitant as a wilderness, there was none of her offspring that went in or went out; and the sanctuary was trodden down, and "the sons of strangers were in the citadel, the Gentiles lodged therein; and joy was taken away from Jacob, and the pipe and the harp ceased. 46 And they gathered themselves together, and came to Mizpeh, over against Jerusalem; for in Mizpeh Judg. 20. 1. was there a place of prayer aforetime for Israel. 47 And they fasted that day, and Pput on sackcloth, and put ashes upon their heads, and rent their clothes, 48 and laid open the book of the law, concerning which the Gentiles were wont to inquire, seeking the likenesses of their idols. 49 And they brought & the priests' garments, and the firstfruits, and the tithes: and they stirred up

the Nazirites, who had accomplished their days. 50 And they cried aloud "toward heaven, saying, What shall we do with these men, and whither shall we carry them away? 51 And thy holy place is trodden down and profaned, and Cp. ver. thy priests are in heaviness and brought low. 52 And, behold, the Gentiles are assembled together against us to destroy us: thou knowest what things they imagine against us. 53 How shall we be able to stand before them, except thou be our help? 54 And they soundedch. 4. 13 with the trumpets, and cried with a loud voice.

& 5. 33

& 9. 13

& 16. 8. Cp. Num. 10. 9.

• See Deut. 20.5-8.

55 And after this Judas appointed leaders of the people, captains of thou-ch. 16, 19. sands, and captains of hundreds, and captains of fifties, and captains of tens. 56 And he said to them that were building houses, and were betrothing wives, and were planting vineyards, and were Cp. Judg. fearful, that they should return, each man to his own house, according to the law. 57 And the army removed, and encamped upon the south side of Em-See ver, 40, maus. 58 And Judas said, Gird your-d2 Sam. 10. selves, and be valiant men, and be in 12.

readiness against the morning, that ye may fight with these Gentiles, that are assembled together against us to deCp. ver. 18. stroy us, and our holy place: 59 for it is better for us to die in battle, than to look upon the evils of our nation and the holy place. 60 d Nevertheless, as may be the will ein heaven, so shall he do.

1See ch. 3. 38.

9 ch. 1. 33, 34.

A See ch. 3. 40.

8. 16.

30.

* ver. 40. Cp. chỉ 3. 18, 60.

1 And Gorgias took five thou

4 sand footmen, and a thousand chosen

horse, and the army removed by night, a that it might fall upon the army of the Jews and smite them suddenly: and the men of the citadel were his guides. 3 And Judas heard thereof, and removed, he and the valiant men, that he might smite the king's host which was at Emmaus, 4 while as yet the forces were dispersed from the camp. 5 And Gorgias came into the camp of Judas by night, and found no man; and he sought them in the mountains; for he said, These men flee from us. 6 And as soon as it was day, Judas appeared in the plain with three thousand men: howbeit they had not armour nor swords to their minds. 7 And they saw the camp of the Gentiles strong and fortified, and horsemen compassing it round about; and these were expert in war. Cp. 2 Macc. 8i And Judas said to the men that were with him, Fear ye not their multitude, neither be ye afraid of their onset. See Ex. 14. 9 Remember how our fathers were saved in the Red sea, when Pharaoh pursued them with a host. 10 And now let us cry kunto heaven, if he will have us, and will remember the covenant of our fathers, and destroy this army before our face to-day: 11 and all the Gentiles shall know that there is one who redeemeth and saveth Israel. 12 And the strangers lifted up their eyes, and saw them coming over against them: 13 and they went out of the camp to battle. And they that were with Judas m sounded their trumpets, 14 and joined battle, and the Gentiles were discomfited, and fled into the plain. 15 But all the hindmost fell by the sword: and they pursued them unto 1n Gazara, and unto the plains of Idumæa and Azotus and P Jamnia, and there fell of them about three thousand men. 16 And Judas and his host returned from pursuing after them, 17 and he said unto the people, Be not greedy of the spoils, inasmuch as there is a battle before us; 18 and Gorgias and his host are nigh unto us in the mountain. But stand ye now against our enemies, and fight against them, and afterwards take the spoils with boldness. 19 While Judas was yet making an end of these words, there appeared a part of them looking out from the mountain: 20 and they saw that their host had been put to flight, and that the Jews were burning

Cp. Ps. 59. 13.

"See ch. 3. 54.

" ch. 7. 45 & 9. 52 & 13. 53 & 14. 7, 34, al. ⚫ch. 5. 68 & 10. 77, 78 & 11. 4

& 14. 34. Judith 2. 28.

Cp. 1 Sam.

5. 1.

P ch. 5. 58 & 10. 69 & 15. 40. Cp. 2 Chr. 26. 6.

the camp; for the smoke that was seen declared what was done. a1 But when they perceived these things, they were sore afraid; and perceiving also the army of Judas in the plain ready for battle, 22 they fled all of them into a the land of 7 ch. 3. 41 the 2 Philistines. 23 And Judas returned to spoil the camp, and they got much gold, and silver, and blue, and sea purple, and great riches. 24 And they returned

home, and sang a song of thanksgiving,

& 5, 66, 68 (& mg. for mg.).

of Three 67. See Ps. 136.

and gave praise unto heaven; because Cp. Song his mercy is good, because his mercy endureth for ever. 25 And Israel had a great deliverance that day.

26 But the strangers, as many as had escaped, came and told Lysias all the things that had happened: 27 but when he heard thereof, he was confounded and discouraged, because neither had such things as he would been done unto Israel, nor had such things as the king commanded him come to pass.

28 And in the next year he gathered together threescore thousand chosen footmen, and five thousand horse, that he might subdue them. 29 And they came into Idumæa, and encamped at Bethsura; and Judas met them with ten thousand men. 30 And he saw that the army was strong, and he prayed and said,

Blessed art thou, O Saviour of Israel, who didst quell the onset of the mighty man "by the hand of thy servant David, and didst deliver the army of the 2 Philistines into the hands of Jonathan the son of Saul, and of his armourbearer: 31 w shut up this army in the hand of thy people Israel, and let them be ashamed for their host and their horsemen: 32 give them faintness of heart, and cause the boldness of their strength to melt away, and let them quake at their destruction: 33 cast them down with the sword of them that love thee, and let all that know thy name praise thee with thanksgiving.

1.

* See ch. 3. 32.

t ver. 61. ch. 6. 7, 26,

31

& 9. 52 & 10. 14, al. Cp. Josh. 15. 58.

1 Sam. 17.

50, 51.

1 Sam. 14.

13, 14.

* Cp. ch. 3,

18.

32.

34 And they joined battle; and there fell of the army of Lysias about five See ch. 3. thousand men, and they fell down over against them. 35 But when Lysias saw that his array was put to flight, and the boldness that had come upon them that were with Judas, and how they were ready either to live or to die nobly, he removed to Antioch, and gathered to- See ch. 3. gether hired soldiers, that he might come again into Judea with even a greater company.

3 Or, looking up unto heaven

a See 2Macc. 10. 1-3.

39

& 3. 45.