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from brutes to men who have been their defenders, physicians, or benefactors, not only stand recorded in ancient history, but are matters of daily observation."

Yes-this is an insuperable argument against Monsieur Bougeant's theory, namely, that animals are not all evil in their dispositions, as we account devils to be; and, also, that if, on arguing from the apparent evil in them, we assert that animals are devils, then, by an exactly similar process of reasoning men are devils also -devils incarnate to a greater degree. This is the dilemma, and there is no extrication from it.

But mind, I would not have you misunderstand me. I lay it down as an absolute and ascertained truth, that if animals are devils, men are devils also;-but I verily believe that neither one or the other are so. It is with men as with animals, some by nature are more wicked than others, and some by nature are more good and amiable. The devil has power over man, and when one man savagely or cunningly murders another, the law of the land may be right in saying that he so acted under the influence and instigation of the devil, and the judges of the land may choose, as they

often do, to corroborate this truth with the expressions of their own weighty minds; but still I hold that human nature is by no means all evil, but that there is natural goodness in nearly every man and every animal, and we all prove that we believe so, more or less, in our actions with our fellow-creatures, because we often act as though we believed men to be of good probity and integrity by nature, (whether they be Christians, or, it may be, Parsees) and we are quite surprised and indignant when we meet with one who is the reverse in his nature to these qualities. That the devil was and may be now in man, we well know; there was a time when man's imagination was only evil con

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* Coleridge says, Very far gone, is quam longissime in the Latin of the ninth article-as far gone as possible, that is, as was possible for man to go: as far as was compatible with his having any redeemable qualities left in him. To talk of man's being utterly lost to good, is absurd for then he would be a devil at once. To tell a modest girl, the watchful nurse of an aged parent, that she is full of sins against God, is monstrous, and as shocking to reason, as it is unwarrantable by Scripture. But to tell her that she, and all men and women, are of a sinful nature, and that, without Christ's redeeming love and God's grace, she cannot be emancipated from its dominion is true and proper."

tinually and not his imagination only, but, as the Hebrew text would render it, all his thoughts and purposes were evil, and then the devil was in man more than in the animal; and our Lord tells us that "the Prince of this world cometh," and St. Paul speaks of "the God of this world blinding us ;"--but when Elijah said, "I, even I, only am left;" he spake not the truth, for seven thousand were left ;-and when the Psalmist says, "there is not one godly man left," he speaks after the manner of eastern poetry, and his words are not to be literally taken. And I would have you ever remember, that when we speak thus of the partial goodness of human nature, a fact that reason must allow, we do not arrogate one iota from the meritorious atonement of the blessed Redeemer of our souls, because man in every estate is so infinitely beneath the Deity, such a worm and particle of breathing dust, that the idea becomes overwhelming when we think that even the best and most virtuous man can be exalted to a state of existence in the heavenly life, that he can be divested of his finite properties, and actually be enabled to live in the new spiritual life, and be a superior spirit in the actual presence of the Lord of all spiritual

being. Yes, the salvation of Abraham and David is just as wonderful and inconceivably great as the salvation of any poor sinner we may be acquainted with ;-the real wonder is, that God wills the presence, not so much of a particular kind of man, as of any man at all. Lord what is man, any kind of man, that thou art mindful of him, or the son of man that thou so regardest him: yea, that so costly a sacrifice should have been provided through thine only begotten Son for the redemption of any mana redemption wonderful and unspeakably astounding in its mere relation to any manand still more so, in that department connected with its accomplishment, the renewal of the hearts of the most wicked men by the operation of the Holy Spirit-the leading captivity captive, and receiving gifts for men, gifts of more soul, of more divine spirit.

Well may St. Augustine break forth, "Angels fell away, man's soul fell away, and thereby pointed out the abyss in that dark depth, ready for the whole spiritual creation, hadst not Thou said from the beginning, Let there be light, and there had been light, and every obedient intelligence of Thy heavenly city had cleaved to Thee, and rested in Thy Spirit,

which is borne unchangeably over every thing changeable !" And this his prayer," Give Thyself unto me, O my God, restore Thyself unto me; behold I love, and if it be too little, I would love more strongly. Woe is me except in Thee not only without, but within myself also; and all abundance, which is not my God, is emptiness to me !"

Ever your cordial friend,

Penscellwood.

ACHILLES.

LETTER X.

My dear Patroclus,

Since you are so pressing that my unworthy letters should appear in print, let me, through you, and in conclusion, venture to remind all my fellow-creatures, and may the thought ever be stamped on my own heart, that, whatever may be our opinion in regard to the possession of souls by animals, and their prospect of a future state, that we are greatly bound by the sacred obligation of the common humanities that ought to be cherished in all of us, to treat the inferior animals with the utmost benevo

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