waistcoat, which came down almost to the knees, was made of gold brocade. And then they wore various sorts of periwigs, such as the tie, the spencer, the brigadier, the major, the albemarle, the ramillies, the feather-top, COSTUMES OF THE PERIOD and the full-bottom. Their three-cornered hats were laced with gold or silver. They had shining buckles at the knees of their small-clothes, and buckles likewise in their shoes. They wore swords with beautiful hilts, either of silver, or sometimes of polished steel, inlaid with gold."-Hawthorne. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY WITH THE CONTEMPORANEOUS ENGLISH AND FRENCH SOVEREIGNS English Discoveries and Explorations 1492. The West Indies were discovered by Columbus. Colonial Events 1562. The Huguenots attempted to colonize Carolina. 1620. Plymouth, Massachusetts, was settled. 1630. Boston settled by the Massachusetts Bay Colony. 1635. Saybrook (2d colony in Connecticut) was settled. The second colony of Rhode Island was established. New Haven (3d colony in Connecticut) was settled. English 1663. The grant of Carolina to Clarendon and others. 1665. The Connecticut colonies united under one charter. 1689. King William's War began in America. 66 1702. Queen Anne's War began in America. 1729. Carolina separated into North and South Carolina. 1744. King George's War began in America. Washington defeated the French at Great Meadows. 1757. Fort William Henry surrendered to the French. Louisburg was taken (2d time) by the English. Ft. Frontenac (Kingston) was taken by the English. 1759. Ft. Niagara was taken by the English. Wolfe defeated Montcalm before Quebec. Quebec was surrendered to the English. 1760. Montreal was surrendered to the English. 1763. The "Treaty of Paris" ended the war. French Louis XIV Louis XV Harvard College.-"Six years after the arrival of Winthrop (1636), the General Court voted a sum equal to a year's rate of the whole colony, towards the erection of a college. In 1638, John Harvard, who arrived in the Bay only to fall a victim to the most wasting disease of the climate, desiring to connect himself imperishably with the happiness of his adopted country, bequeathed to the college one-half of his estate and all his library. The infant institution was a favorite. Connecticut, and Plymouth, and the towns in the east, often contributed little offerings to promote its success. The gift of the rent of a ferry was a proof of the care of the State; and once, at least, every family in each of the colonies gave to the college at Cambridge twelve pence, or a peck of corn, or its value . . .; while the magistrates and wealthier men were profuse in their liberality."-Baner ft. PERIOD II FROM THE CLOSE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR TO THE ADOPTION OF THE NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CHAPTER XI Causes of the American Revolution 1. Why the Colonies were taxed. The French and Indian War had cost a vast sum of money. In order to carry it on, Great Britain had been obliged to borrow three hundred millions of dollars, thus increasing her national debt by that amount. The English government, therefore, soon after the close of the war, set up the claim that, as it had been waged on behalf of the colonies, they should bear a part of the burden. Accordingly, a law was passed in 1765 called the Stamp Act. 2. The Stamp Act. This law required that for all business papers, such as deeds, bonds, notes, etc., and all such printed matter as newspapers, pamphlets, etc., paper having a government stamp should be used. By charging a certain sum for such paper, the government would be enabled to obtain a considerable revenue. The colonists, however, would not submit to be taxed in this way; for they said they had no representation in the English Par Text Questions.-1. Cost of the French and Indian War? What measure was adopted to help pay the debt? 2. What was the Stamp Act? Why did the colonists oppose it? |