WM. H. ALLEN & CO. 7, LEADENHALL STREET.

1859.

LONDON:

COX AND WYMAN, PRINTERS, GREAT QUEEN STREET,

LINCOLN'S-INN FIELDS.

HENRY MORSE ST

GLOSSARY.

ABAD.-Cultivated, peopled, founded. Coupled | ATTA, OTTA.--Coarse flour. with a name it denotes the founder: as AURUNG.-Depôt; factory. Ukber-abad, the city founded by Ukber, AVATAR.-Incarnation of the Deity. on the site of the Hindoo village of Agra. AYAH.-Female servant; lady's-maid. Shahjahanabad, city founded by Shah Jehan AYEEN.-Laws; regulations; institutes. on the site of the old city of Delhi; the AZAN.-The Mahommedan call to prayers. old names, however, are retained by the people in spite of the Great Mogul. Allahabad, the city of God-the name given by the Mahommedans to the Hindoo holy place at the junction of the rivers Ganges and Jumna, known to the Hindoos as Prag or Pryag.

ABDAR.-a domestic whose duty it is to superintend the water for drinking, to cool and clear it; employed as butler by the English.

ABKAR.-Distiller of spirits.

ABKARY, ABKAREE.-Excise; the revenue

derived from spirits and intoxicating drugs. ADAWLUT, UDALUT.—A court of justice. Suddur Udalut-principal court. Dewanee Udalut-court for civil suits. Foujdaree or Nizamut Udalut-criminal court. Ahir, Uheer.—Shepherd, a caste from which the Bengal army accepts recruits. AKALEE.-Sikh armed fanatic.

B.

BABOO.-A title of rank, but now used indis-
criminately like "Esquire" in England.
BADMUASH, BUDMAASH.-A disreputable per-
son; one who has no ostensible means of
gaining his livelihood.
BAGH.-A garden.

BAHADOOR.-A hero; a warrior; a title of
rank amongst the Mahommedans; a new
order established in the native army by the
English.

BAHORA, BUHORA, BOHRA.-A money-lender. BAIE, BHYE.-A lady; title given to Mahratta princesses.

BAIRAGEE, BYRAGHEE.-A Hindoo religious mendicant.

BAISHNUVEE.-A follower of the god Vishnoo. BAIT.-A residence, abode. Bait-oolah-the house of God, Mecca.

AMIL.-Dominion; a farmer of revenue; an BAKHSH.-A gift; one who gives. Bukhshish,

officer of government. AMILDAR.-Governor.

AMILDAREE.-Territory, government.
AMEEN, UMEEN.-Agent, a title given to the
native judges by the English: as Sudder
Ameen-chief judge; Sudder Ameen Ala—
principal chief judge.

AMEER, EMIR. - A nobleman amongst the
Mahommedans.

ANKOOS.-A weapon; a kind of axe, used to
drive an elephant.

ARAK, ARRACK.-Spirit; juice; fermented liquor.

ARHUR, URHUR (corruptly, Rhhr).-A kind of pulse (Cytisus Cajan). It grows strong and bushy; when cut (in February) the sharp stakes left are very dangerous to horses' hoofs; they are oftenmis taken for cotton stalks.

ARZI, URZEE.—A letter addressed to a superior, a petition.

A SAMI, ASSAMEE.-A cultivator; a client; a

constituent.

Buxis, Bakhsheesh-present, reward. BAKHSHEE.-Paymaster; treasurer to the

army; commander-in-chief. BANDY, BUNDEE.—A cart or carriage. BANG, BHUNG.-The leaves of the hemp (Cannabis sativa), bruised and pounded in a mortar, and infused in water; an intoxicating drink. The leaves are smoked, and also chewed.

BANJARA, BRINJARU.-Carriers of grain laden on bullocks, and especially employed in supplying troops; a tribe.

BANKA. A dandy; a fop; an idle dissolute

fellow. The Delhi banka is famous as the dissipated dandy of India.

BANYAN, BUNIYA.-A merchant; the caste of Hindoo traders. In Calcutta, the cashier and chief manager of a mercantile establishment.

BARAH.-Twelve. Barah Wufat-a religious festival of the Mahommedans; the 12th of the month in which Mahommed died. BARAT, BURAT. A Mahommedan festival.

--

iv

GLOSSARY. Shub-i-Barat, observed with fasting and illuminations the night of record, on which men's deeds for the coming year are said to be registered in heaven. BARKANDAZ,

BURKUNDASS. A matchlock man; Burk, lightning-undaz, who throws; an armed guard.

BASTEE, BUSTEE.-A village.

BATTA, BATTU.-Difference in rate of ex-
change. Bhatta-extra pay, additional
allowance; an established addition to the
allowances of the armies in India.
BAZAR.-A market; a daily market; the
street of shops.

BEEGHA, BIGAH.-A measure of land, one-
third of an English acre.

lay occupations of the day; they are soldiers, watchmen, bailiffs, bankers' porters, cooks, domestic chaplains, &c. All classes employ them as domestic servants; as the religion of the Hindoos is one of ritual, ceremonial, and meats, they find it safest to employ a Brahmin cook, to insure the purity of their food.

BRIJ.-The terrestial paradise of the Hindoos; the country around Muttra, between Agra and Delhi, sacred to Krishna, who was born there and performed his miracles.

BRIJBASEE.-An inhabitant of the Brij; an
armed Hindoo; watchmen, guards, door-
keepers-many from the Brij seeking to be
so employed.

BRIJBHAKA. The dialect of the Brij Hindee,
in which most of the popular poems of the
Hindoos are written.
BUN.-A wood, a forest; as Sunderbun or
Soonderbun, the forest of Soondree trees;
Brindabun, the forest of Vrinda.
BUNDOBUST.-Arrangement; bargain.
BUNGALOW.-A thatched house, after the
fashion of Bengal.

BYWUSTU.-A written opinion on Hindoo
law by a Pundit, or a Brahmin learned in
the law.

BEGAR, BEGAREE.-Forced labourers pressed
to carry without pay.
BEGUM.-A princess; a lady of rank.
BELATTEE (see VILAYUTEE).-A foreigner.
BEPARREE.-A trader; a shopkeeper.
BETEL-NUT.-The Areca Catechu chewed by
the natives of India; cut in pieces, it
forms an ingredient of the beerhi presented
to visitors and guests. See PAN.
BHAEE. Brother. Bhace-bund-brotherhood;
a community or association.
BHANGY, BANGY--A load divided and hung
to both ends of a bamboo pole, carried
over the shoulder. Bhangy-burdar or
bhangy-carrier-the man who accompanies
a traveller with the luggage slung over his CAYMACAN, see KAIMUKAM.
shoulder.
CHABOOK.-A whip.
BHEEL. A wild tribe inhabiting the Malwa CHABOOKSOWAR.-A rough rider.
and Mewar forests. There is a Bheel CHAND.-The moon.
local corps in the Indian army.
Bhistie, BeestiE, BIHISHTEE. From bihisht,
paradise; a water-carrier; a Mahommedan
who supplies water from a leather bag,
mussuk. The blessing of water is so great
in a hot climate that the carrier is as one
from heaven.

BHOW, BHAU.-A brother; a cousin ; a title of
respect affixed to a name, as Huree-bhau.
BHYLEE, BYLEE.-A carriage for riding in,
drawn by bullocks; some are on four
wheels, highly ornamented, and hung
round with bells.
BIRI, BEEBEE.-A lady; title of rank; mis-
tress.

BIDREE.-A mixed metal of copper and tin,

capable of high ornament, and of which hooka bottoms and mouthpieces are usually made.

BIRT. A charitable allowance; fees to family priests.

BISATEE.-A pedlar; a hawker; called by the English a boxwala.

BOHRA.-A village banker; a tribe of bankers and traders held in great respect in Goozerat.

BRAHMIN.-A man of the first caste of Hindoos, whose duty it is to study and expound the sacred books. The Brahmins now are divided and subdivided into numerous tribes and families holding no social relations, and they all engage in many of the

C.

CHANDNEE.-Moonbeams.

CHANDNEE CHAUK. The bright street (a
famous street in Delhi).
CHAPPA.-An impression; a stamp.
CHAPPA KAGHUZ.-Printed paper; a news.

paper.

CHAPPA KHANA.-A printing-office.
CHARYAR.-Char, four-yar, friend. The four

caliphs (successors to Mahommed), Aboo-
bukr, Omar, Osman, and Ali.
CHARYAREE.-A Mahommedan of the Soonee
sect-who maintain the rightful succession
of the four Caliphs.

CHATTA.-An umbrella-the emblem of royalty.
CHIK.-A screen made of split bamboos and
painted.

CHIT, CHITHEE.-A note; a letter.
CHOB.-A stick; a staff of office; a silver or
gold stick.

CHOBDAR.-An attendant carrying a mace or
stick of office.

CHOUBEY, CHOBEE.—A Brahmin learned in the
four Vedas. See SEPOY.
CHOUDREE, CHOWDRY.-The head-man of a

trade; syndic; a title of respect addressed
to carters, carriers, camelmen, &c.
CHOUK, CHOKE.-A square; an open place in

a street.

CHOUKEE.-A station; a police-guard station;
a chair; a seat.
CHOUKEEDAR.-A policeman; guard; watch-

man.

GLOSSARY.

CHOULTRY (properly, CHAOTEE). — A public | DAKH, DAWK.-Post; relays of men or cattle lodging-place; a station; an inn.

CHOUTH. A fourth; a blackmail demanded

along the road for carrying letters, goods, or travellers.

from the princes of India by the Mahrattas DAKH-GHUR.-Post-office. -a fourth of their revenue. CHUBENA.-Parched gram, or chick-pea, used by the Hindoos marching or travelling, when they cannot have their food cooked by the rules of their caste.

DAKH-CHOKEE.-Post-station for relays. DAKAIT, DACOIT.-Gang-robber; a burglar. DALEE, DOLLY.-A rude basket of flowers and fruits; a tray of presents, consisting of fruit, sweetmeats, spices, preserves.

Dana-khoree. The commissariat; grain

consumers.

CHUBOOTRA.-A raised terrace in the front of DANA.-Grain; corn.
a police-station, or round a tree; a plat-
form where business is carried on, or a
public meeting held.
CHUKLA.-A large division of the country,
now almost confined to Oude.
CHUKLADAR.-The superintendent or governor
of a chukla,

CHULAN. An invoice; voucher; passport;
list of letters, or prisoners forwarded.
CHUMAR.-A worker in leather, or currier;
saddler; a low caste of Hindoos, divided
into many tribes, who work as cultivators;
manufacturers of indigo, &c.
CHUNAM, CHOONA.-Lime.
CHUNDAL.-Low caste; an outcast; term of
abuse.

CHUPATEE.—A cake of unleavened bread, made

of coarse flour-Atta, the common food of all Hindoos, and the lower classes of Mahommedans in India; cakes of all kinds. CHUPPRASS.-A badge; a metal plate engraved, and worn on a belt as a badge of office.

CHUPPRASSEE. The wearer of a chupprass;
employed as messengers, couriers, police-
men, watchmen, &c.
CHURKH.-A pulley; a wheel.
CHURUKPOOJA.-The ceremony of swinging
on a wheel; the swinging festival of Hin-
doos suspended by hooks passed under
the skin above each bladebone, now almost
confined to Bengal.

CHURRUNDAR. A supercargo-
-a servant
placed on board a boat, in charge of the
goods, by an insurance office.
CHURRUS. The intoxicating exudation of the
hemp-plant.

CIRCAR, SIRKAR.-A superintendent; chief;

the government; chief clerk. In Calcutta
all native clerks are called sirkars; a
large division of the country under the
Mahommedans.

COLE.-A barbarous tribe, inhabiting the Raj-
mahal Hills and Jungle Muhals beyond
Burdwan, akin to the Bheels and Gonds.
COOLY, see KOOLI.

CORAH.-New, unbleached silk; piece goods
unbleached.

Coss, Kos.-A measure of distance, about
two English miles.
CUTCHA, see KUTCHA.
CUTWAL, See KOTWAL.

D.

DA,EE, DHYE.-A wet nurse; a female servant; a female commissioner employed by the courts to swear native women.

DAROGHA.-A superintendent; a chief officer in police and other departments of government, particularly the customs and com

missariat.

DECCAN, DUK,HUN.-The south; the south of India.

DERVISE, DURWESH.-A religious mendicant
(Mabommedan).

DES, DESA.-The country; a place; empha-
tically applied to particular districts. In
the Himalaya it means the plains.
DESEE.-Belonging to a country; in Bengal,
applied to indigo-seed grown there. Pur-
desee-a foreigner.

DEVa, Dev, Deo.—A god; a divinity; a
man of high rank; a king.
DEvalu, Diwalu.-A temple.
DEVEE, DEVI.-A goddess; a name of Door-
ga, the wife of Siva.

DEWAN, DIWAN, DIVAN. Royal court or
council; a minister of state.
DEWANEE.-Relating to a dewan; civil ad-
ministration. See ADAWLUT. The right
to receive the revenue of Bengal, Behar,
and Orissa, conferred on the East-India
Company by the Great Mogul. Dewan-i-
am-a public hall of audience; Dewan-i-
khas-private chamber of council.

D,HOBEE, DHOBY.-A washerman.
DHURMSALA. -A building for a pious purpose,
a hospital, a monastery, a temple.
D,HURNA.-Sitting at the door of a house to
compel payment of a debt; bankers and
money-lenders employed Brahmins for this
purpose. The Brahmin sat fasting and
resolved to die if the debt were not paid,
and the debtor would incur the guilt of
killing a Brahmin. As long as the Brah-
min sat, the dwellers of the house could
not cook or eat, fire could not be taken
into the house, and for the time being they
were excommunicated. The practice is
forbidden by the laws of the East-India
Company.

DOAB. From do, two, and ab water; a tract
of land lying between two rivers. The
country between the Ganges and the
Jumna rivers is emphatically the Doab.
In the Punjab, or five rivers, there are the
following tracts called Doab :-Between
the Sutlej and the Beab, the Julunder
Doab; between the Beah and Ravee, the
Baree Doab; between the Ravee and
Chenab, the Rechna Doab; between the
Jhelum and Chenab, the Jetch Doab;