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markable discoveries made this year at Sarnath. They will, it is hoped, give some idea of the wonderful artistic wealth of Benares life, and at the same time be more instructive than those of ordinary books of travel.

The authorities consulted include Sherring's Sacred City of the Hindus; The Life and Times of Sri Sankaracharya, by C. Krishnasami Aiyar; and the works of Barth, Beal, Sylvain Lévi, Rhys Davids, Monier Williams, Max Müller, Taylor, and many others. My acknowledgments are due to Messrs. E. J. Lazarus & Co., of Benares, for permission to use Mr. Ralph Griffiths' translation of the Rig-Veda; and to Messrs. Som Brothers, Calcutta, for extracts from Pandit Tattvabhushan's translations of the Upanishads.

I am indebted to H.H. the Maharajah of Benares and staff for much courteous assistance; and to Babus Abanindro Nath Tagore, Dinesh Chandra Sen, and other Indian friends for valuable information.

Mr. J. H. Marshall, Director-General of the Archæological Survey of India, Dr. Vogel, Messrs. Johnstone & Hoffman, Calcutta, and Messrs. Saeed Bros., Benares, have kindly helped me with some of the illustrations.

E. B. HAVELL

CALCUTTA, October, 1905.

CHAPTER VII. THE GHÂTS—Asi Sangam to Nepâli GHẤT—
Dasâsamedh Ghât--The Káli-puja-Sitala Ghât — Munshi
Ghât-Yogic exercises-Chauki Ghât-The pippal-tree-The
Aghoris-Kedarnath Ghât-Shivâla Ghât and fort - Mud-
figures of Bhima-The tulasi plant-Man Mandil Ghât and
the observatory-The Nepalese temple -

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The different classes of Hindu deities-Household worship—
The Durgâ temple-The Ahmêty temple-Annapurna temple
-Vishweshwar-The temple at Ramnagar-The Maharaja's
palace-Temple of Bhaironath-Ganêsha, the god of wisdom -
The well of Knowledge and the well of Fate-The Snake well

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