a Diocefe. Plan; a Crofs arranged into Porches, Nave, Tranfepts, Veftries, Choir, Ailes; Our Lady's Chapel, and Chapels of a lefs name, appertaining to Saints and Founders, &c. accompanied with Cloifters and Chapterhoufe. The Elevations give Porches, Towers, fquare, circular, or octangular; Buttrelles, Turrets, and Spires; in which effential parts are introduced, Doorways, Windows, Cornices, Battlements, and other the like decorations. The Sections contain Columns, fingle or clustered "fupporting" Arches; and above them are Galleries, and a fecond tier of Windows. The interfection of Nave, Tranfepts, and Choir, compofe an afcending ftory into the great centrical tower called the Lanthern. The Eaftern end, or Our Lady's Chapel, is of lefs height than the body of the building, and comprifes fometimes one or more ftories. The internal decorations, befides the back fronts of doors and windows, are Pavements with graveftones fculptured or inlaid with braffes, painted Windows, Paintings on the walls or on pannel, Tombs, Monuments, Choir feats, Stalls, Thrones, Font, Pulpit, Altars of all denominations, Shrines, and an infinity of articles too humerous, to be inferted in this lift.

Cell. A fimall chamber, particularly understood as the retiring or fleeping room of a religious perfon.

Cement. Mortar, or any other tenacious matter to bind fubftances togegether. Mortar in our antient buildings has endured for ages, and in many inftances become harder than the ftone itself. The knowledge of this compofition is loft; as our modern Mortars are of fuch a perishable quality that they very foon revert to the original duft and rubbish from whence their parts were felected.

Cemetery. A burial-place. Center. The point equally diftant from the extremities of a circle.

Chain. Here applied to thofe iron interwoven chains, or rings, forming the armour at the time of the Conqueror; and fince continued in decreating quantities to make a part of fuch defence, even fo low as the reign of

Anne.

Chair. In our antient furniture, was wrought either in ftone or wood, of various forms, and carried to an excefs of carving and gilding. In stone, one at Canterbury cathedral, Beverley

minfier, church at Hexham, Exeter cathedral. In wood; Coronation chair, Weftminster abbey; St. Mary's hall, Coventry; Lutterworth church, &c.

Chalice. A cup. According to the catalogues of antient plate once belonging to our churches, they were chafed in filver and gold, enameled, and inlaid with jewels. Among the few preferved, is King John's cup at Lynn, a pattern of elegant defign, in rich embellishments and beautiful enameling.

Chalk. Ufed in our churches to fill-in the fpandrils of groins as a material light, dry, and of a pleasing hue. Chamber An apartment in an antient manfion, either for common purpofes or of ftate.

Champion. One who comes forward to defend by combat the cause of the injured.

Chancel. The Eaftern part of a church, where the altar is fituated. In an Abbey or Cathedral church, fuch place is termed the Choir.

Chantry. Particular fituations or chapels in our antient churches, where certain religious duties were performed.

Chapel. Part of a religious building to celebrate divine fervice in, dedicated to a Saint or Founder. A Chapel is alfo a detached edifice, as inaking a place of worship diftinct from a Church.-Plan. It gives one aile.-Elevation. Has few particulars, one or two doorways, one tier of windows, and, it may be, a fmall turret, or tower. In like manner the interior is fimplified by fhewing not more than one aile, a veftry, font, pulpit, and one or two tombs. Notwithfianding this preferibed arrangement, yet the enrichments are fometimes profufe and elaborate as in a Church or Cathedral.

Chapter-houfe. An edifice fituated on the Eaft fide of cloifters, wherein the bufinefs relating to the Cathedral is tranfacted. The defign ufually confifts of one large room, and fome small attached offices.

Charnel-houfe. A depofit in churchyards, or the crypts of churches, for the bones of the dead.

Cheft. A convenience wherein to lay various articles. The antient Chefts remaining in old manfions and churches fhew different ftyles of work, according to their ages; and many of them are embellifhed to a high degree with architectural forms, figures of men, &c.

Chimney. Many richly worked to

be

be met with in our antient buildings. Their make is either fquare, round, or octangular: they are indeed a fort of columns adapted to fuch ufes.

Chimney-piece. This fpecies of decoration, appertaining to the preceding article, was wrought with a profufion of work in mafonry and fculpture.

Choir. That part of a Cathedral or Collegiate church placed between the Nave and Our Lady's Chapel, being the fpot where the fervice is celebrated; comprifing Stalls, Bishop's Throne, Altar, &c.

Church. The general name for an edifice confecrated to the duties of devotion; but, taken in a particular fenfe, gives the arrangements and decorations that are to be felected in the medium between a Cathedral and a Chapel; and is diftinguished in this manner.-Plan: one or more Porches; a body of three Ailes, ufually fo called, giving the center one larger than the other two; a centrical Tower; fome times two finall Tranfepts; a Chancel, one or more Chapels on each fide, a Vefiry, &c.-Elevation: Porches, a pedimented Weft front, one or more tiers of Windows, centrical Tower, Chancel, and Chapels.--Section. Columns" fupporting" arches, and Windows above them and in the Chancel, inferior Stall feats, &c. The decorations. Font, Pulpit, Altar, Bratles, Tombs, &c.

Church-yard. Plot of ground on which a Church fiands, and wherein the dead are interred.

Circle. A regular curve line, drawn by compafles, in imitation of a globe, or the figure of the Sun, Moon, &c.

Circumference. The meature, line itfelf of a circle.

Cittern. A lute.

or

Cloifter. A building of four equal fides,or ailes, with windows in fucceflion looking into its area; groined overhead; and is placed indifferently on either fide the body of our Cathedrals or Abbey Churches: defigned for the convenient accefs to the Bishop's or Abbot's lodgings, refectory, chapter houfe, and the church. Ufed alfo for walking; and antiently reforted to by the religious for ftudy and meditation.

Clofe. The walled confines to a Cathedral; in which walls are Gateways, Turrets, Towers, hanging Buttrelles, &c. In their lines are comprehended alfo the Bithop's palace, and the habitations of other Dignitaries belonging to the Church.

Coffin. Antiently for the higher clafies of people, a coffin was made of ftone; and its thickness hollowed out into the human fhape, thereby to receive the body in compleat order. Many fuch Coffins are yet to be feen in our churches. (To be continued.)

YOUR Conftant Reader (LXXII.

1185) does not tell us how he came by his panes of glafs; but they, at leaft the fecond, probably came from the windows of Abbot Illip's chapel in Westminster abbey, where he will find that rebus of an eye and a hand, with a flip of a tree, carved on the fafcia, and painted on the wall.

C. in the fame page, will find a fimilar urn in Harris's Hiftory of Ireland. In his fecond line, for bath read rath.

The medal recording the execution of the Duke of Monmouth makes fig. 9 of plate XXIV. of Snelling's Medals, and fig. 9 of plate XXXVIII. of the Collection publifhed by Dr. Combe; which plate exactly correfponds with the other, and in both will be found another medal alluding to the fame event, Jutice trampling on the headlefs trunks of the Dukes of Monmouth and Argyle, whole elligies are on two altars inferibed with their names. There are also four other medals firuck in memory of Monmouth's unfortu nate failure, the hiftory of which is too well known to be here repeated. Of him, however, one may fafely fay,

Magnis piis tamen excidit aufis. The complete exccution of which, Providence referved for our great deliverer, William III.

Mr. Tindal (now, if I miflake not,

promoted

promoted to the chaplaincy of the Tower of London, in the room of Mr. Grofe) is certainly much flattered by the late Earl of ford's critique on his Hiftory of Evesham (LXXII. 3); but who does not fee what a flap on the face the Noble Author gives to himfelf in his reflections on French politicians and their montirous difciples, when his works, published not to his gredit by his obfequious friends after his deceafe, are replete with principles which were the forerunners of all that "infolent philofophy?"

The public thanks are due to your correfpondent Trijmegiftus, for his excellent plan fuggefted p. 5; the confummation of which is devoutly to be wifhed.

I am forry to differ from your correfpondent Z. (p. 7), in his opinion of Mr. Walker's "Hittorical Effay on the Drefs of the antient and modern Irish;" on which I perfectly concur with your Reviewer of it, LVIII 996, and fhould be forry to fee Mr. Jones mitled by fuch wretched reprefentations of indifferent originals. Hie will find better in the illuminated MS. of Froilart, which he cannot be unacquainted with. May I be prefumed to hint a doubt if the MS. alluded to by Mr. Penuant remains in fiatu quo? At leaft, a London bookfeller's catalogue infinuated that it was in his poffellion; and when this was pointed out to the proprietor, no notice was taken of the information. Where are we to feek Mr. Gray's copy? and where is Mr. Johnes likely to find the supposed interview between Petrarch and Chaucer? It is rightly faid to be supposed; and what Euglishman's refearches can keep pace with a Frenchman's fuppofitions?

Leon Battifla Alberti was an excellent Latin fcholar, as well as an architect and painter and mathematician; a native of Florence; of a noble family; born about the middle of the fifteenth century; died about 1480. His principal work is on Architecture; to which is fubjoined one on Painting.

Chalk church (p. 9) was deferibed by Mr. Clarke, Archeologia, XI. 365 -368; parts of it, ibid. $43, 357, 361, 362, 369; and its grotefque figure by Mr. Denne, ib. XII. 10–22.

Among the misfortunes attending the publication of perfons' writings atter their deceafe, which it is more than GENT. MAG. February, 1803.

probable they never intended fhould be expofed to the public eye, may be reckoned that of expofing their reputation after their death by diclofing their names where they never intended to be known. This misfortune has befallen Mr. Stebbing Shaw, by the unguarded affection of a friend (p. 10). But, as that friend takes his thare of other blame, Candour mult forgive the deceated, and rather hope that the mafs of antiquarian lore will be duly improved by lome kind and competent band.

The carvings at Lincoln (p. 17) are not uncommon in and on houfes of the 15th century. Thefe reprefent two men of different ages, but no particular characters. Under a window on the Eaft fide of Romeland, at Waltham, (the vacant space before that abbey, as alfo at St. Alban's, fo called), were two rude heads, circumferibed

IVLY SEER (Cæfar) EMPERER OF

ROVME

ALYSAVNDAR THE GREATE.

But the house being rebuilt, they were probably loft before any drawing was inade of them. Such are alfo to be feen in the old houfe of the Rutland family at Haddon.

I think the hiftory of Mr. Walker, p. 17, may be matched by that of another incumbent in the North, in fome of your volumes.

With all due deference to E. N. (p. 35) his defence of the conduct of the clergy at funerals is inconclufive; for, there being no rule without exception, it could never be fuppofed that a clergyman was bound to do his duty at the imminent hazard of his life, or to hazard the lives of his parishioners, by bringing infected corpfes into the church: for, after all, E. N. makes a point of doing that duty which he thinks is to others optional.

Anecdotes are certainly not without their ufe; but we are obliged to Mr. Urban and his correfpondents for correcting those which have been hastily and inaccurately penned and told as in pp. 19 and 37. The fiory of the ring and the Earl of Eflex I heard above twenty years ago, and went to fee the ring in the pofleflion of a mercer in King-fireet, Covent garden, whofe name has flipt my memory. Is not the fiory told in fome of our hiftories, that the ring was given by Opeen Elizabeth to the Earl as a pledge of her' protection of him, and that, when be

was

line of this fide of the Court I treafured deep in memory, towards fome future occation to bring them into practice, or illuftration. The abitract of my furvey is this: ARUNDEL CASTLE in fornier times muft have held out to the hardy aflailant an aípect of fern defiance; and to the courtly vifitant the fimile of friendly reception. While its lotty walls and inound rendered it impregnable, yet to those who trod each Bower or fall delight and pleature became fiationary from perpetual review of ravifling feenes in diftant lands, old Ocean's wave, or the interior decorations appertaining to warlike toils or feftive recreations.

Ou re-palling the great gate of entrance, as I made way towards the ColJegiate church, I had the prefent Noble Pofleflor of the caftle much in my thoughts; and 1 bore thefe proud qualities of his foul full in recollection. He is a man difdaining all fervile dependance on another's caprice; a conftant friend to thofe who may have deferved his hand; a defender of the humble man when flanding between the fhock of overbearing power and hired calumny. Diftrets and Poverty to him never told their tale in vain; affable in his converfation, modeft in his manner, and dignified in his demeanor. In fhort, Honour, bright Honour, has him in her larry train. Such a picture as this is but the true portrait of an English Peer; the inherent birthright of elevated rank. Thefe my effufions have nought of flattery in them; I ever on this as on all other occafions give my fentiments even as I feel, fometimes pleafurable, fometimes not quite fo happy! Enough.

THE COLLEGIATE CHURCH. Many antient buildings are fill found ranging on the Eaft and South fides of the Cloif ters. They have been repaired, and are refpectfully tenanted, At the North-Eaft angle of the faid fite of Cloifters one divifion of its architecture is to be feen. The Church is on the grand fcale; the plan a Crofs. On the North fide are fome windows with fweeping Cornices. Crochets, and Finials, after a method that I never faw made ufe of before. The body of the Church fhews Columns, Arches, with the difpolure of the Ailes, after the beft ftyle. Against the South-Weft clufier of Columns, fupporting the Tower, in the centre of the edifice, is placed a beauti

ful Stone Stall, now ufed as a Pulpit. The work is in the Edwardian manner, and deferves the utmost regard. In the Choir, on either hand, are the cha racteristic decorations of Stalls; they are well executed. The groins, which were of wood, have of late years been taken away, and a modern frame of timber placed on the walls, to ferve as a roof, &c. The mullions and tracery in the windows have many pleating forms to attract the eye. The Stone Altar exifts in good condition; but the Screen riling at its back appears to have loft the whole of the ornamental parts. Behind this Screen is a finall Revelry, where is a flight of lieps communicating to the antient lodgings on the North Eaft angle of the Cloifters beforementioned. But what renders this Church the wonder and admiration of firangers, is the magnificent feries of brafies, tombs, and monumental Chapels, in the above Clfoir. I, it nunft be confelled, was no way wanting in my plaudits; and notwithfianding thofe ftores which I have accumulated from the like affociation of fepulchral objects, yet I here fill obtained another prize exceeding those already paft: another, and another, in fplendid change, breaking on my aftonished fight; never to be cloyed! Soft, foft, man; thou art an enthufiaft.

The falls take up nearly half of the length of the Choir; the other half (to the Eaft) contains the feveral tombs and monumental Chapels. The pavement is diverified with brafles of the elligies of Knights and Ladies, Priests, &c. accompanied with architectural decorations. On the North fide of the Choir, I first attended to a tomb bearing on its flab an armed Kuight, in the ufual proftrate attitude; and in the tomb, open on each fide, is the figure of this knight, in the ftate he is fuppofed to be in after his decease. This emblematic memorial of man's life and death is finely wrought; and I was told by my conductor that one of our eminent Painters had acknowledged this fpecimen of antient art "had fome merit in it." The next decoration (continuing on the line of the North fide of the Choir) is a large monumental Chapel, charged with a profufion of enrichments, but of that tafte which prevailed about, or foon after, the clofe of the reign of Henry VIII.; an uncouth and frange mix

ture