scripts has been deposited by his daughter-inlaw, Lady Shelley, in the Bodleian Library.

Shelley's eldest son, Charles Bysshe, the offspring of his union with Harriet Westbrook, did not long survive him, and upon the death of Sir Timothy Shelley in 1844 the baronetcy passed to the poet's only surviving son by Mary Godwin, Sir Percy Florence Shelley (1819-1889). This most gentle and lovable man, the inheritor of most of his father's fine qualities and of many of his tastes and accomplishments, died in December 1889. He married, 22 June 1848, Jane, daughter of Thomas Gibson, and widow of the Hon. Charles Robert St. John, who survives him; but, the marriage having proved childless, the baronetcy devolved upon Edward, son of Shelley's younger brother John, and is now enjoyed by Sir Edward's brother Charles.

In 1823 there appeared 'Poetical Pieces,' verse and prose (London, 1876-80, 8vo); but containing Prometheus Unmasked' (sic), those of Mr. W. M. Rossetti (1870, 1878, and 'Hellas,' The Cenci,'' Rosalind and Helen,' 1888) and of Mr. G. E. Woodberry (American, with other poems. Julian and Maddalo' 1892, 1893) deserve consideration. Letters and 'The Witch of Atlas,' which had hitherto to Claire Clairmont and Miss Hitchener, remained in manuscript, were published in and Harriet Shelley's letters to Miss Nugent, 1824 along with the unfinished Triumph of have been printed separately. A full collecLife,' the Epistle to Maria Gisborne,' a large tion of the letters to Elizabeth Hitchener number of minor lyrics, and translations, was first edited by Bertram Dobell, 1908. including those executed for the 'Liberal.' Translations into French, Italian, German, The title of the collection was 'Posthumous and Russian are numerous. Selections have. Poems' (London, 8vo), and the expenses were been edited by Stopford A. Brooke (1880) guaranteed by two poets, B. W. Procter and by the present writer (Parchment Liand T. L. Beddoes, and Beddoes's future bio-brary, 1880). The bulk of Shelley's manugrapher, T. Kelsall. It was almost immediately withdrawn in virtue of an arrangement with Sir Timothy Shelley, and for long the public demand continued to be supplied by pirated editions, the refusal of the courts to protect 'Queen Mab' being apparently taken as implying a license to appropriate anything. A pirated edition of 'Miscellaneous Poems' appeared in numbers during 1826 (London, 12mo). The consequent cheapness of circulation greatly extended Shelley's fame and influence. In 1829 admirers at Cambridge reprinted 'Adonais,' and undertook a fruitless mission for the conversion of his own university. In 1829 and 1834 very imperfect issues of his 'Poetical Works' appeared, the former along with those of Coleridge and Keats, and with a memoir by Cyrus Redding [q. v.] Another edition of his Works' in one small volume was published by Charles The excessive vehemence which hurried Daly in 1836. In 1839, the obstacles to an Shelley into many hasty and unjustifiable authentic edition having been removed in steps, was, from a moral point of view, a some unexplained manner, Mrs. Shelley pub- serious infirmity, but failure to control imlished what was then supposed to be a defini-pulse seems to have been a condition of his tive edition in four volumes, enriched with biographical notes and some very beautiful lyrics which had remained in manuscript. An American edition of this, with a memoir by J. Russell Lowell, appeared at Boston in 1855, 3 vols. 12mo. A collection of his letters and miscellaneous prose writings followed in 1840. The letters, published in 1852 with a preface by Robert Browning, are mostly fabrications by a person claiming to be a natural son of Byron. Many most important additions, however, have been made to those published in 1840. In 1862 the present writer, as the result of an examination of Shelley's manuscripts, published a number of fragments in verse and prose, some of extreme interest, under the title 'Relics of Shelley.' These, as well as many of the new letters continually coming to light, have been incorporated into more recent editions of Shelley's writings. The only recent edition virtually complete is Mr. Buxton Forman's in eight volumes, containing both

greatness and of his influence on mankind. He took Parnassus by storm. His poetical productiveness would have been admirable as the result of a long life; as the work in the main of little more than five years, it is one of the greatest marvels in the history of the human mind. Had it been as unequal in matter as Dryden, in manner as Wordsworth, it would still have been wonderful; but, apart from occasional obscurities in meaning and lapses in grammar, it is as perfect in form as in substance, and equable in merit to a degree unapproached by any of his contemporaries. The lucidity and symmetry of the minor lyrics, in particular, rival anything in antiquity, and surpass the best modern examples by their greater apparent spontaneity, the result in fact of the most strenuous revision.

In 1835 Stuart Mill ably compared and contrasted him with Wordsworth; and the finest passage in his 'Pauline' (1833) 18 the outburst of Browning's passionate admiration.

After many vicissitudes, opinion seems to be agreeing to recognise Shelley as the supreme lyrist, all of whose poems, whatever their outward form, should be viewed from the lyrical standpoint. This is a just judgment, for even the apparently austere and metho-tributed to the illusions which play so large a dical Cenci' is as truly born of a passionate lyrical impulse as any of his songs. Despite his limitations, no modern poet, unless it be Wordsworth, has so deeply influenced English poetry.

SHELLEY, SIR RICHARD (1513?1589), last grand prior of the knights of St. John in England, born about 1513, was second son of Sir William Shelley [q. v.] Like various other members of the family, he became a knight of St. John, and about 1535 was sent abroad to complete his education. In August of that year he carried letters from Thomas Starkey [q. v.] to (Sir) Richard Morison [q. v.], who was then at Rome, and in. 1538 Shelley was at Venice. But, growing 'wearier of this scholastical life than he can express,' he set out early in May 1539 for Constantinople in the train of the Venetian ambassador. The journey was overland, and occupied four months; the ambassador died on the way, and Shelley remained at Constantinople under the protection of the French ambassador. He claimed to be the first Englishman to visit Constantinople since its capture by the Turks (GAIRDNER, Letters and Papers, XIV. i. 910, ii. 273). During his absence the order of St. John was suppressed in 1540, and Shelley entered the king's service, being employed on various diplomatic missions. Early in 1549 he was sent to the king of France, and in October 1550 Sir John Mason [q. v.] suggested his despatch as special commissioner to the same monarch, being fully qualified by his knowledge of the language and previous experience.' In October-November 1551 he escorted Mary of Guise [q. v.] through England on her return from France to Scotland. On 11 July 1553 he was sent to Brussels with despatches to Charles V, announcing the death of Edward VI and succession of Queen Jane (Egerton MS. 2790, f. 141). He waited, however, to see how events would turn out in England, and on the accession of Mary returned without delivering his despatches. In January 1553-4 he was at Vienna as envoy to the king of the Romans, and in May 1555 he received a passport and letters to the king of Portugal and to the regent of Spain written in anticipation of the birth of a child to Mary. In January 1556-7 he was sent by Mary to the Duchess of Parma, regent of the Netherlands, to invite her to England. Meanwhile Mary had resolved to restore the order of St. John in England, and Shelley was actively employed in making the neces

sary arrangements. On the re-establishment of the order in April 1557 Shelley was made turcopolier, an office second in dignity to that of grand prior, which was conferred on Sir Thomas Tresham (d. 1559) [q. v.] He was also given the commanderies of Halston and Slebech. In the autumn of 1558 he was sent to Malta, but fell ill at Brussels, where he heard of Mary's death. He was deterred from returning to England by the violence of the protestant outbreaks in December. The following year he was sent on an embassy to the king of the Romans, and then made his way to Spain, where Philip gave him a pension. The efforts made by the English ambassador at Madrid to induce him to return to England were in vain, but Shelley protested his complete loyalty to the queen. As the relations between England and Spain grew strained, Shelley left for Malta, but at Genoa was recalled by Philip to go as his ambassador to Persia. He did not start on this mission, but in October 1562 was sent by Philip to congratulate the new king of the Romans on his election. In July 1565 he set out for Malta, which was then closely besieged by the Turks, but got no further than Naples, and did not reach Malta until the Turks had retired. On Tresham's death in 1566 Shelley became grand prior of the knights of St. John, but did not assume the title out of deference to Elizabeth's wishes. The office of turcopolier, hitherto confined exclusively to Englishmen, was annexed to the grand-mastership. About 1569 Shelley left Malta, being unable to agree with Peter de Monte, who in the previous year had succeeded John de la Valetta as grand master of the order. He established himself at Venice on the invitation of the seignory, and there sought to ingratiate himself with the English government by sending secret intelligence of jesuit and other intrigues against Elizabeth. He also made himself useful by looking after English commercial interests, and in 1583, in answer to his repeated requests, he was granted leave to return to England with liberty to practise his religion (cf. HALLAM, Const. Hist. i. 141). But he was still under suspicion; he had held communications with William Parry (d. 1585) [q. v.] at Venice; most of his relatives in England were recusants, and his nephew Richard was implicated in treasonable proceedings, for which he was examined by the council (Lansd. MSS. xlv. ff. 176-9). Shelley remained at Venice, where he was treated with distinction (RusCELLI, Le Imprese Illustri, Venice, 1580, pp. 478-482); he died there about 1589.

Very many of his letters are among the

Harleian and Lansdowne MSS. in the British Museum. A selection of these was published in 1774, 4to, to illustrate two medals of Shelley preserved in the king's collection (now in the British Museum); these were engraved by Basire, and published as frontispiece to the volume (cf. Gent. Mag. 1785, ii. 713). Two of his letters to Henry VIII, complaining of his treatment of the order, were stolen from the government library at Malta soon after 1848 (Notes and Queries, 1st ser. viii. 190). According to his own account, he also wrote a treatise in answer to a book by Nicholas Sanders q. v., which came into the pope's hands, and brought him into suspicion. It does not seem to have been printed.

[Lansd. MSS. xx. 43, xxxv. 42, xxxviii. 41, 44, 45, 47, 49, xl. 9, xlii. 18–20, xliii. 36, xlv. 5, 76, li. 10, cxv. 5–9; Harl. MSS. 286, arts. 34, 39, 40, 6164, art. 1, 6990, art. 7, 6992 art. 4, 6993 arts. 14, 15, 23; Letters of Sir Richard Shelley, 1774; Letters and Papers of Henry VIII, ed. Gairdner; Cal. State Papers, Dom. For. and Venetian series, passim; Acts of the Privy Council, ed. Dasent; Cal. Hatfield MSS.; Lit. Remains of Edward VI (Roxburghe Club); Camden's Elizabeth, s.a. 1560 and 1563; Sussex Archeological Collections, passim; Strype's Works, passim; Granger's Biogr. Hist. iv. 362363: Dodd's Church Hist. ii. 57; Abbé Vertot's Knights of St. John, 1728, ii. 160-1; Whitworth Porter's Knights of Malta, p. 573; Morris's Troubles of our Catholic Forefathers, i. 51; Lower's Sussex Worthies; Horsfield's Hist. of Lewes; Hist, of the Rape of Bramber; Gent. Mag. 1785 ii. 713, 872, 1852 i. 517; Notes and Queries, 1st ser. viii. 192, xi. 179, 2nd ser. xii. 470, 3rd ser. i. 19, 59.] A. F. P. SHELLEY, SAMUEL (1750-1808), miniature-painter, was born in Whitechapel in 1750, and mainly self-educated. He first exhibited with the Incorporated Society in 1773, sending some fancy heads, and in 1774 contributed miniatures to the Royal Academy. Shelley became one of the most charming and fashionable miniaturists of his time, ranking with Cosway, Smart, and Collins; he also painted in watercolours fancy figures and compositions from Shakespeare, Tasso, and other poets, which are gracefully designed and harmoniously coloured. His works of this class, as well as his miniatures, were largely engraved by Bartolozzi, W. Nutter, Caroline Watson, and others. All the plates in C. Taylor's ⚫ Cabinet of Genius,' 1787, were designed by him. Shelley resided in Covent Garden from 1780 to 1794, when he established himself at 6 George Street, Hanover Square. He continued to exhibit at the academy until 1804, when he joined with W. F. Wells,

R. Hills, and W. H. Pyne, who, like himself, were dissatisfied with the treatment there accorded to watercolour art, in founding the Watercolour Society (afterwards known as the 'Old' society), of which he held the treasurership until 1807. Shelley died at his house in George Street on 22 Dec. 1808. The British and South Kensington Museums possess good examples of his work.

Bryan's Dict. of Painters and Engravers (ed. Arm[Roget s Hist. of the Old Watercolour Society; strong); exhibition catalogues.] F. M. O'D.

SHELLEY or DE CONCHES, WILLIAM (d. 1155 ?), author. [See WILLIAM.]

SHELLEY, SIR WILLIAM (1480 ?1549?), judge, born about 1480, was the eldest son of Sir John Shelley (d. 3 Jan. 1526) and his wife Elizabeth (d. 31 July 1513), daughter and heir of John de Michelgrove in the parish of Clapham, Sussex (reproductions of monumental brasses in Addit. MS. 32490). The Shelleys are said, on the suspicious authority of the Battle Abbey Roll,' to have been descended from a companion of William the Conqueror, and uncorroborated family tradition assigns important diplomatic and other positions to various early members of the family. The name was perhaps derived from Shelley Park, near Lewes, which has long since disappeared. It is attributed to the William de Conches who is said to have been a professor at Paris and to have died about 1155 [see WILLIAM]. A John and a Thomas Shelley were executed in 1400 by Henry IV for their adherence to the cause of Richard II, and their brother Sir William was ancestor of the judge. His son Sir John, who was M.P. for Rye between 1415 and 1423, married Beatrice, daughter of Sir John Hawkwood [q. v.], the famous soldier. Of the judge's six brothers, one, John, became a knight of the order of St. John, and was killed in defending Rhodes against the Turks in 1522; from another, Edward, who is variously given as second, third, or fourth son, came the baronets of Castle Goring, Sussex (created 1806), and Percy Bysshe Shelley, the poet. The youngest brother, John Shelley, died in 1554. The settlement of an estate which he purchased on the dissolution of Sion monastery led to the important lawsuit known as 'Shelley's case,' and the decision known as the 'rule in Shelley's case' (see COKE, Reports, i. 94; CHITTY, Equity Index, 4th ed. vi. 6307-6318; American and English Encycl. of Law, xxii. 493-524; STEPHEN, Comment, 12th ed. i. 323-5; HAYES, Observations on Suggestions for abolishing the Rule in Shelley's Case, 1829).

10 Sept. 1547 (cf. Addit. MSS. 32647 ff. 66, 70, 32648 f. 12, 32653 f. 161; Chron. of Calais, p. 176, &c.; Lit. Rem. of Edward VI, Roxb. Club, pp.ccc; Cal. Hamilton Papers, passim). [Foss's Judges of England; Lower's Sussex Brewer and Gairdner, passim; Acts of the Privy Council, ed. Dasent; Rymer's Fadera, orig. ed. vol. xiv. passim; Letters of Sir R. Shelley, 1774; Cavendish's Wolsey, p. 155; Sussex Archæol. Collections, passim; The Shelley Pedigree (separately published, also in Miscell. Genealog. et Herald. new ser. iii. 422-7, and in Pref. to Buxton Forman's Prose Works of Shelley); Collins's Baronets, i. 60-5; Berry's Sussex Genealogies; Burke's Peerage and of Rye, 1847; Gent. Mag. 1785 ii. 713, 1852 i. Baronetage; Horsfield's Lewes; Holloway's Hist.

517.]

A. F. P.

Although the eldest son, William was sent to the Inner Temple not to make a profession of law but in order to understand his own affairs, and according to his son it was against his will that he was made serjeant, and judge, by Henry VIII (SIR RICHARD SHELLEY, Let-Worthies; Letters and Papers of Henry VIII, ed. ters, p. 15). Early in Henry's reign he appears on commissions of the peace for Sussex and other counties; from 1512 to 1515 he was recorder of Coventry (Coventry Leet Book,ed.M. D. Harris, E.E.T.S.); in 1517 he was autumn reader in the Inner Temple, and judge of the sheriff's court in London. In 1520 he was appointed recorder of that city, and in May 1521 was placed on the special commission of oyer and terminer to find an indictment against Edward Stafford, duke of Buckingham [q. v.] In the same year he took the degree of the coif. In 1523 he is erroneously said to have been returned to parliament for London (Foss; but cf. Off. Ret. i. 369). In 1527 he was raised to the bench as judge of the common pleas, and in 1529 he was sent to demand from Wolsey the surrender of York House, afterwards Whitehall. Soon afterwards he entertained Henry VIII at Michelgrove. He was summoned to parliament on 9 Aug. 1529, and again on 27 April 1536. He was hostile to the Reformation, and is said to have suffered from Cromwell's antipathy; but his name appears in most of the important state trials of the period-in that of the Charterhouse monks and Fisher (1535), of Weston, Norris, Lord Rochford, and Anne Boleyn (May 1536), and Sir Geoffrey Pole, Sir Edward Neville, and Sir Nicholas Carew (1538-9). In 1547 he was consulted by Henry VIII's executors about the provisions of his will. He died between 3 Ñov. 1548 and 10 May

1549.

Shelley married Alice (d. 1536 ?), daughter of Sir Henry Belknap, great-grandson of Sir Robert de Bealknap [q. v.] of Knelle in the parish of Beckley, Sussex. By her he had four sons: John (d. 15 Dec. 1550) was father of William (not to be confused with William Shelley of Hertford, also a prisoner in the Tower in 1580), who was attainted 15 Dec. 1582 for complicity in Charles Paget's treasons, but not executed, and died 15 April 1597, being succeeded by his son John, created a baronet in 1611; the second son of the judge was Sir Richard Shelley [q. v.]; the third, Sir James, was, like Sir Richard, a distinguished and widely travelled knight of St. John (cf. Notes and Queries, 1st ser. viii. 192, x. 201-2); the fourth, Sir Edward, a master of the household of Henry VIII, treasurer of the council of the north, and captain of Berwick, was killed at Pinkie on

SHELTON, JOHN (d. 1845), colonel, was commissioned as ensign in the 9th foot on 21 Nov. 1805, became lieutenant on 26 Aug. 1807, and captain on 17 June 1813. He served with his regiment in Portugal in 1808, being present at Roliça, Vimiero, and Coruña; in the Walcheren expedition of 1809; and again in the Peninsula in 18121813. He was at the siege and capture of Badajoz, at Salamanca, Burgos, Vittoria, and San Sebastian, where he lost his right arm. In 1814 he served in Canada. In 1817 he exchanged into the 44th foot, which went to India in 1822, and was employed in Arracan during the first Burmese war. He became regimental major on 6 Feb. 1825, and lieutenant-colonel on 16 Sept. 1827. For the next thirteen years he commanded the 44th in India, respected but not liked by the officers and men, for he was harsh and imperious, 'not a pleasant man on parade.' At the end of 1840 he was put in charge of a brigade, consisting of his own and two native regiments, to relieve a part of the force in Afghanistan. He reached Jellalabad with his brigade in January 1841, made a punitive expedition into the Nazian valley in February, had to return through the Khyberto the Indus in May to open the road for Shah Soojah's family, and at length arrived at Cabul on 9 June.

Shelton was encamped at Seah Sung, two miles east of the city, when the Afghan outbreak began, on 2 Nov. 1841, with the murder of Sir Alexander Burnes [g. v.] He was ordered to occupy the Balla-Hissar (the citadel of Cabul) with part of his brigade, with a view to reinforcing the shah's troops; but when he had been there a week he was summoned to the cantonments to assist General Elphinstone and infuse some vigour into the defence [see ELPHINSTONE, WIL