useful. I think, also, that the pin of the cock, by being exposed in one place to hot water and in another to cold, would not remain long tight. It would be easy to have the supplying head of water equal in altitude to that in the boiler; in which case, the areas of both passages would be equal, provided the water in both was of the same temperature, and that the conducting pipes were both of equal length: but, as they could not be so, two correctors would be necessary, one for temperature and the other for friction. All this it would be next to impossible to have done practically; moreover, sediment would deposit in the hot tube, and not in the cold one: so that, even if right at first, they would soon become wrong. — Robert Mallet. Dublin, Aug., 1834. ART. V. Queries and Answers. NEW Exchange, Glasgow. A correspondent enquires whether we can give any account of the new Exchange at Glasgow, which is reported to be ar superior to any other structure of the kind in this country. We should feel obliged by the communication of some particulars respecting so important a structure. - L. Towel Stands. In reply to your querist (p. 96.), I would suggest, as in my opinion preferable to what he proposes, two brackets similar to fig. 206., 206 which may be of cast iron or of wood, carved or plain, and screwed to the side of the wash-hand stand, with a bar either turned or plain fixed between them. This would be ornamental rather than otherwise to the stand, and it would not be inconvenient to place the towel upon: if two sets could be fixed, they would have the appearance of handles, where an angular stand was used: if it should be more convenient, these brackets might be affixed to the side of a chest of drawers, or against any part of the wall.-Z. The River Wall at Woolwich Dock. (p. 42.) I was led, by your query respecting this wall, to make a call at Woolwich Dockyard to inspect it, and I was much gratified with what I saw. Being so fortunate as to meet, on the wharf, with Mr. Ranger's superintendent (whose name I forget), I am enabled by his intelligent description to offer the following particulars of this truly national invention; or rather revival of an ancient mode of building, as many of our beautiful ecclesiastical as well as domestic and castellated remains bear a very close resemblance to Mr. Ranger's patent stone. The river wall at Woolwich, my informant says, is about 250 ft. long, and 28 ft. high, and breasting back 4 ft. from the plane of its base: it was erected in the early part of the year, and carried on at low water, the men working until the tide flowed and obliged them to leave off until the tide fell again, which, however my informant asserted, consolidated and hardened the work. The wall is now finished (June 24.), and makes a most excellent wharf wall, resembling granite, with bold horizontal joints, and perfectly sound, though no expense was incurred by piling for foundation, or by any other expensive measures usual on these works. The customary work of the wharf was not retarded during its erection, except at the point where the work was then carrying on. Upon the whole, I think it worth a journey to the amateur as well as the civil engineer, in whose department it must become a most important invention. I was also obliged by a description of a new dock in progress, which is building of the same material, but which I had not time to inspect. As soon as it is finished, which will be shortly, I shall take a scientific friend with me, and, if it appear worth a place in your valuable work, I shall endeavour to send you a more scientific description of it. I am informed that Mr. Ranger has erected a beautiful building, as a specimen of his material, at Sir H. Taylor's, in the Regent's Park, in the early English style; also a guard-house in the Birdcage Walk, in the Grecian style, and another structure, showing a great alteration in street architecture, opposite the National Gallery, Pall-Mall. These specimens I have not seen, but perhaps some of your numerous readers may oblige us with a description of them.. Charles Manners. Woolwich Common, July 14. 1834. Which is the best Method of keeping a Dairy cool, or could not a draught be created in some way through it? That which I particularly have in view stands above ground, detached from any other building, and is about 10 ft. square; but, although it has a flat roof forming a cistern to contain water, it acquires such a degree of warmth, as to render it unfit for the purposes for which it was intended: perhaps some of my fellow-readers can assist me on the subject. Sam. Ap-Evan. Neath, Glamorganshire, Sept. 22. 1834. An Apparatus for cleaning the Outsides of lofty Windows is thus described by our correspondent G. B. W.:-I have supposed the window tobe 207 208 f f 8 ft. high, and 3 ft. 6 in. from the floor. Fig. 207. is a section, and fig. 208. the internal elevation of the window, &c. a a, two stout standards, about 6 ft. 6 in. high, with two cross pieces bb securely screwed to them, and going across the window opening, to keep them firm, and two pieces c c notched into them: d d are two bearers, supported at the one end by the struts e e, which abut against the wood and stone sills, and at the other by the pieces c c; and screwed to the standards: ffare light standards of iron let into the ends of the bearers and the cross piece g, and screwed to them by nuts. A rope might go across the tops of these standards, and another crosswise, as shown by the dotted lines in fig. 208. For fear of their giving way outwards, a rope might be passed from their tops, through a ring on the top of the bearers, to the cross piece b, as shown in fig. 207. I have made this platform to project 2 ft. from the line of the sash frame; and the space afforded between the iron standard and the sash would be about 1 ft. 8 in., which I should think enough for a person to stand upon; but that, of course, is optional. A piece of Ĭ in. deal plank (11 in. wide) laid across the bearers, and, perhaps, screwed down to them, would complete the apparatus. The struts should be either tied or screwed to the bearers, and a cross piece put between them at the lower end to keep them in their places. I should think this would answer the purpose required. It might be easily taken to pieces or put up; and the expense of the materials would be very trifling. — G. B. W. London, Sept. 19. 1834. GLOSSARIAL INDEX. Astragal, 109; a fillet moulding with a rounded Batten floors, 168; floors laid with narrow boards Battened walls, see p. 171. Blasting rocks, 93; splitting them into fragments Bond stones, 194; stones running through a wall Borrshane, 372; a basket made of palm leaves, Brick nogging, 37; a framework of timber filled Butt hinges, 83; hinges, which, when expanded, | Calorifère, 176; apparatus for heating by hot Cap of a chimney, 64: the upper and projecting Capotum, 269; a kind of Hindú torus moulding, Castrametation, 148; camp-making, or the science Cavetto, 111; a species of moulding, see fig. 45., Cella, 265; the part enclosed by walls, of a Gre- Check-plate, 126; the piece of wood in the lintel Chimney shafts, 118; the part of a chimney which Chunam, 315; an Indian cement or plaster. Clinker bricks, 238; small bricks burnt very hard. Concrete, 35; a mixture of clean gravel and quick- Congee, 112; a species of moulding, see fig. 51. Corbeled, 82; one stone projecting over another Crabs, 198; machines for being attached to and Crowsteps, 6; the coping stones of a gable rising Cumuda, 268; a kind of Hindú circular moulding. Curbed, 39; contracted towards the ceiling by being carried up into the roof. Cusps, 345; points formed in the upper corners of Cyma talon, 111; a species of moulding, see fig. 47. Deals, 83; deal boards sawn to a proper thickness Dormer windows, 184; windows in a roof. Doweled floors, 168; explained at length in p. 319. Echinus, 111; a species of moulding, see fig. 49. Entablature, 115; the horizontal mass placed on Fascia, 112; the face or principal member of the Feuars, 113; persons renting land for building on Fillet, 109; a small square or flat moulding. Fire bricks, 74; bricks made of a particular kind Flashings, or Flushings, of lead, 36; strips of lead Fly wire, 306; wirecloth, or toile métallique, for Folding floors, see an explanation at length, 319. Greek cross, 133; a rectangular cross, the limbs Groined roof, 342; groins are lines formed at the Haunches of an arch, 140; the part behind the Headers, 125; bricks placed so as to have their Jamb, 343; the side pieces of any opening in a Jumper holes, 93; holes made to contain the gun- Label moulding, 343; an outer moulding, crown- Lancet windows, 293; windows formed with lan- Landstone dikes, 81; dikes or walls built of land- Lean-to, 93; shed or small room with a slanting Lintels, 125; the side pieces of a window-frame Lotus ornaments, 22; see fig. 7. Minutes, 154; subdivisions of Perrault's scale for Mullions, 125; upright pieces, dividing a window Mutules, 109; the modillions in the Doric order Neck of a chimney, 64; part immediately under Newel, 194; the turning-post of a staircase. Octostyle, 140; a building with eight columns in Ordonnance, 154; an order in Classic architecture. Pace, 168; a square landing-place dividing the Padma, 269; one of the Hindú mouldings. Parquetted floors, 319; floors laid in small pieces, Patera, 68; an ornament something like a rose, Pilaster, 115; a rectangular pillar engaged in Pinnacle, 159; a pointed ornament terminating Pinned, 169; let into a wall, by a hole being cut Pisé, 320; walls formed of mud or clay rammed Place bricks, 35; soft half-burnt bricks. Plate glass, 82; glass cast in a mould, instead of Pugged, 37; filled in, between the ceiling and the Quartering, 306; quarters are formed of upright Riser, 58; the upright part which supports the flat Row of blockings, 63; a row of projecting blocks Rubblestone, 278; stone rough from the quarry. the lined, in which the hollow marks are in Saw draughts, 126; longitudinal slits made by Sink stone, 305; a stone perforated with holes. Soffits, 168; the ceiling or under side of any Spandrils, 131; the space between the springing Spiral stairs, 200; stairs winding round a newel Splayed, 343; beveled off. Spongy bricks, 34; porous bricks, from not being Spruce deals, 167; deals of the spruce fir, Abies Stack of chimneys, 124; several smoke flues united Standards, 392; straight upright pieces of wood. Stink trap, 305; or Bell trap, a metal vessel for length appear on the surface or outside of a wall. String-courses, 184; marked and projecting lines Tazza, 302; cup. Tie joists, 383; joists acting as strings or ties to Torus, 111; a round moulding, larger and stronger Transepts, 293. When a church is built in the Transom, 238; a cross beam forming the hori Triglyphs, 109; certain distinctive marks in the Vestibule, 119; an ante-hall, or inner porch. Wall plate, 383; the plates on which the joists rest. Water table, 293; a species of ledge left upon stone from the ground, from which place the thick- White deals, 167; deals formed of pine wood, Winders, 168; angular steps, used where the stair Yellow deals, 167; deals of fir wood; properly GENERAL INDEX. A BATTOIRS Amiens, a public library established in, 88. Architects, emigration of, to North America, Architectural Drawings and Lectures, by Mr. Architectural Exhibitions, 89. Architectural Fountains, designs for, in artificial Architectural Improvement of London, remarks Architectural Magazine, objects of, 1; critical Architectural Maxims, 80. 128. 201. 236. 266. 308. 351. Camilla Cottage, query respecting, 48. Chimneys, smoky, plan for curing, 390. Clerkenwell, a Gothic church at, 90. Closets in sitting-rooms, remarks on forming, 548. Architectural Societies, 89. Concrete, composition of, 248; foundations of, Armagh Cathedral, 278. Artificial stone, Austin's, 216; Bagshaw's, 87; Ash pans and hearths, 96.; Athens, proposed new metropolis at, 243. 375. Bellingham bridge, 352. 123. 233. Doors to rooms, mode of hanging, criticised, 386. 34. 166. Edinburgh, improvements in, 93. 317. Exeter new market, 352; Athenæum, 252. Fires in London, on the frequent cause of, 244. Berlin, general introduction of cast iron in the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, 378. edifices of, 88; improvements in, 88. Blank windows, maxim respecting, 236; critique Blower, Clarke's improved, 87. Boiler for steaming food for cattle, 48. Freemasonry, 47. Furniture, cleaning of, 86; French, inlaid, 244; Garden engine with iron frame, 92. Germany, architects of, 276; buildings in, 276. Bonnemain's apparatus for heating by hot water, Greek cross, explanation of, 95. |