EURIPIDES. Go take the water-pot and dip it

(Bayas') in the sea.

ας

Hecuba, 609. That he may dip in the lustral water, εἰς χερνιβ ̓ ὡς βαψειεν. Hercules Furens. v. 931.:

HERODOTUS.-The Egyptians account the swine to be an unclean animal; and that indeed to such a degree, that if any one touch a swine, he will on that account (ßae) dip himself in his very clothes, going down to the river. Euterpe. p.

HIPPOCRATES.-προσφέρειν αυτῳ ρακια ημιτυβίου και BaπTWY eis idup, &c. Bring pieces of strong linen, and dipping them in water, &c.

&c.

De Morbis. Lib. II. p. 79.

ἐν ὕδατι ψυχρῳ βαπτων σευτλα ἡ ρακια βαπτων. Dipping beet leaves-or, dipping pieces of linen, De Internis Affectionibus. II. p. 206. βαπτων εἰς ἔλαιον ζειν. Dipping into boiling oil. De Internis Affectionibus. p. 236. ἐς μυρον βαψασα. Having dipped into ointment. De Sterilibus. p. 638. ἐς ἀλειφαρ βαψαντα ὡς ἡδιςτον. Having dipped it in the sweetest perfume. p. 625. βαπτειν δε την μηλην. But dip the probe. p. 622. και προς την κεφαλην σπογγους ἐν ὕδατι βαπτων θερμῳ pooTIeva. And dipping sponges in warm water, apply them to the head. De Morbis. p. 52.

HOMER. AS when a smith tempering an iron hatchet, εν ύδατι ψυχρῳ βαπτῃ dips it in cold water. Odyss. ix. 392,

LYCOPHRON.-The child shall plunge (Baye) his sword into the viper's bowels. Cassandra. 1121.

PLATO uses the word several times in one paragraph. Οι βάφεις έπειδαν βουληθώσι βαψαι έρια.—The dyers, when they are minded to dip wool.—ούτω δε βαπτουςι, and so they dip it. De Republica. Lib. iv.

SOPHOCLES. - έβαψας ἐγχος εὖ προς Αργείων στρατῳ ; Did you successfully plunge your sword in the army of the Argives? Ajax. 95. χειροδαικτα σφαγι' αἱμοβαφη. Victims slain with his hand dipt in blood. έβαψεν τους. He dipt the arrows. Trachiniæ. 576. χιτώνα Toyd Baye. He dipt the tunic. Ib. v. 580.

Ib. v. 219.

THEOCRITUS. Every morning my servant shall dip (Baya) me a cup of honey. Idyll. v. The boy let down a capacious pitcher, making haste (Baya) to dip it.

Idyll. xiii.

THEOPHRASTUS.-και βαψας ἀρυταιναν. And having dipped the ladle. IX. De Impudentia.

ΧΕΝΟΡΗΟΝ.-βαπτοντες οἱ μεν ἑλληνες ξίφος, οἱ δε BapBapos horny. The Greeks dipping a sword, but the Barbarians a javelin.-Anabasis. Lib. ii. c. 2. § 9.

Note B. page 7.

In the LXX. BaTTiw occurs twice.

2 Kings v. 14.- Naaman dipped himself in Jordan seven times.

Isa. xxi. 4.-The clause rendered in the E. T. fearfulness affrighted me, is in the LXX. Iniquity baptizes (i. e. overwhelms) me.

SYMMACHUS translates Psalm lxviii. 3. èẞaπTIO DNY εἰς ἀπέραντους καταδύσεις. I am baptized with endless immersions. Psalm ix. 16. The wicked were immersed (BaTTinoav) in the pit they made. Job ix. 31. And then in corruption thou wilt immerse me. (βαπτισεις με.)

In the APOCRYPHA βαπτίζω is used twice.

Judith xii. 7.-She washed, (ßarriero) bathed, or immersed herself in a fountain.

Ecclus. xxxiv. 25.-He that washeth himself from a dead body. βαπτιζομενος άπο νεκρού. (He was to bathe himself in water. See Numb. xix. 19.)

The verb Bawrw is used more than seventy times in the NEW TESTAMENT, with reference to this ordinance and twice in a figurative sense in reference to extraordinary sufferings.

Mark v.

38, 39.-Are ye able to be immersed with the immersion wherewith I shall be overwhelmed? With the immersion wherewith I shall be overwhelmed, shall ye be immersed.

Luke xii. 50.-I have a baptism to be baptized with. E. T. I have an immersion to undergo.

CAMPBELL. v. his Note. It is also used with reference to the Israelites passing through the sea, and under the cloud, (1 Cor. x. 2.) when they were baptized into Moses, in the cloud and

in the sea; as it would have been madness to follow him in such a situation, had they not been assured of his divine mission. See Exod. xiv. 29. XV. 8.

And with respect to the Pharisees wondering that our Lord had not bathed before dinner. See CAMPBELL on John xiii. 10.

The noun Bawτioμа occurs about twenty times, always with reference to this ordinance.

The noun βαπτισμος four times.

Mark vii. 4. 8.-The immersion of cups, pots, &c. See Dr. GILL on this place.

Heb. vi. 2.-The doctrine of immersions, and laying on of hands.

ix. 10.-Divers immersions, i. e. immersions on

by different occasions, prescribed the Mosaic law. BARTIOTYs. The Baptist, or Immerser. A title given to our Lord's forerunner about fifteen times.

Note C. page 7.

JOSEPHUS,

(Died A. D. 93, aged 56.)

Whose authority must be of singular weight as being nearly contemporary with the Apostles, and, like them, a Jew writing in Greek, repeatedly uses the word βαπτίζω.

he

(1.) Describing the purification of the people at Sin, says, "When any persons were defiled with a dead body, they put a little of these ashes into spring water

with hyssop, and baptizing, (BaπTIOaYTES) (i. e. dipping or immersing) part of these ashes into it, they sprinkled (ppavov) them with it.

Antiq. Lib. iv. c. iv. § 6. This quotation clearly shows the difference between baptizing or dipping, and rhantizing or sprinkling.

(2.) He says, concerning the ship in which Jonah attempted to flee from the presence of the Lord. "The ship was on the point of being overwhelmed," (βαπτίζεσθαι.) Antiq. Lib. ix. c. 10. § 2.

(2.) He uses the same word twice concerning the death of Aristobulus, the brother of Mariamne, who was drowned at Jericho, according to Herod's order, by certain Greeks, who enticed him into the water to swim, and then, under pretence of play, (GaTTitovTes) baptizing; i. e. immersing, or putting him under water, they did not leave off till they had quite suffocated him. Antiq. Lib. xv. c. iii. § 3.

πτι

(4.) He mentions the same event in his Wars of the Jews, Book I. c. xxii. § 2. "The young man was sent to Jericho, and there, according to his order, being immersed (BarTICOμEVOS) in a fish-pond, he came to his end.

Archbishop USHER, (in his Annals of the World. p. 738,) uses a word on this occasion, which having now become ludicrous, is sometimes chosen to describe our practice, (" ducking him as he was swimming," &c.) Should not our brethren be certain that their Lord was not immersed, before they make use of this low synonym?

(5.) JOSEPHUS, in his own Life, speaking of his voyage to Rome, and providential deliverance when