was no more shooting. Lieutenant-General Cromwell went into the Church, called down the Decimated of the Mutineers; rebuked, admonished; said, The General in his mercy had forgiven them. Misguided men, would you ruin this Cause, which marvellous Providences have so confirmed to us to be the Cause of God? Go, repent; and rebel no more, lest a worse thing befall you! They wept,' says the old Newspaper; they retired to the Devizes for a time; were then restored to their regiments, and marched cheerfully for Ireland.-Captain Thompson, the Cornet's brother, the first of all the Mutineers, he too, a few days afterwards, was fallen in with in Northamptonshire, still mutinous: his men took quarter; he himself 'fled to a wood;' fired and fenced there, and again desperately fired, declaring he would never yield alive; whereupon a Corporal with seven bullets in his carbine' ended Captain Thompson too; and this formidable conflagration, to the last glimmer of it, was extinct.

Sansculottism, as we said above, has to lie submerged for almost two centuries yet. Levelling, in the practical, civil or military provinces of English things, is forbidden to be. In the spiritual provinces it cannot be forbidden; for there it everywhere already is. It ceases dibbling beans on St. George's Hill near Cobham; ceases galloping in mutiny across the Isis to Burford; -takes into Quakerisms, and kingdoms which are not of this world. My poor friend Dryasdust lamentably tears his hair over the 'intolerance' of that old Time to Quakerism and such like: if Dryasdust had seen the dibbling on St. George's Hill, the threatened fall of 'Park-pales,' and the gallop to Burford, he would reflect that Conviction in an earnest age means, not lengthy Spouting in Exeter-Hall, but rapid silent Practice on the face of the Earth; and would perhaps leave his poor hair alone.

On Thursday night, 17th of the month, the General, Lieutenant-General, and chief Officers arrive at Oxford; lodge in All-Souls College; head-quarters are to be there for some days. Solemnly welcomed by the reformed University; bedinnered, bespeeched; made Doctors, Masters, Bachelors, or what was suitable to their ranks, and to the faculties of this reformed University. Of which high doings, degrees and convocation-dinners, and eloquence by Proctor Zanchy, we say nothing,—being in haste for Ireland. This small benefit we have from the business:

Anthony Wood, in his crabbed but authentic way, has given us biographical sketches of all these Graduates; biographies, very lean, very perverse, but better than are commonly going then, and in the fatal scarcity not quite without value.1

:

Neither do we speak of the thanking in the House of Commons; or of the general Day of Thanksgiving for London, which is Thursday the 7th June (the day for England at large being Thursday 21st),2-and of the illustrious Dinner which the City gave the Parliament and Officers, and all the Dignitaries of England, when Sermon was done. It was at Grocers' Hall, this City dinner; really illustrious. Dull Bulstrode, Keeper, or one of the Keepers, of the Commonwealth Great Seal, was there,—Keeper of that lump of dignified metal, found since all rusty in the wall at Hursley and my Lord of Pembroke, an Earl and Member of the Council of State, 'speaking very loud' as his manner was, insisted that illustrious Bulstrode should take place above him. I have given place to Bishop Williams when he was Keeper; and the Commonwealth Great Seal is as good as any King's ever was;-illustrious Bulstrode, take place above me so !3 On ' almost every Idish was enamelled a bandrol with the word Welcome. No music but that of drum and trumpet ;' no balderdash, or almost none, of speech without meaning; 'no drinking of healths or other incivility:'-drinking of healths; a kind of invocation or prayer, addressed surely not to God, in that humour; probably therefore to the Devil, or to the Heathen gods; which is offensive to the well-constituted mind. Four-hundred pounds were given to the Poor of London, that they also might dine.

6

And now for Bristol and the Campaign in Ireland.

1 Wood's Athenæ, iv. (Fasti, ii. 127-155): the Graduates of Saturday, 19th May, 1649, are, Fairfax, p. 148; Cromwell, p. 152; Colonels Scrope, Grosvenor, Sir Hardress Waller, Ingoldsby, Harrison, Goff, Okey; AdjutantGeneral Sedascue, Scoutmaster Rowe: and of Monday, 21st, LieutenantColonel Cobbet, p. 140; John Rushworth, Cornet Joyce, p. 138:- of whom those marked here in Italics have biographies worth looking at for an instant. 2 Commons Journals, 26 May, 1649.

3 Whitlocke, p. 391.

4 Newspapers (in Cromwelliana, pp. 59, 60).

LETTERS XCI.-XCVI.

Tuesday, 10th July, 1649. This evening about five of the clock, 'the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland began his journey; by the way of Windsor, and so to Bristol. He went forth in that state and equipage as the like hath hardly been seen; himself in a coach with six gallant Flanders mares, whitish grey; divers coaches accompanying him; and very many great Officers of the Army; 'his Lifeguard consisting of eighty gallant men, the meanest ' whereof a Commander or Esquire, in stately habit;—with trumpets sounding, almost to the shaking of Charing Cross, had it 'been now standing. Of his Lifeguard many are Colonels; and 'believe me, it's such a guard as is hardly to be paralleled in the 'world. And now have at you, my Lord of Ormond! You will have men of gallantry to encounter; whom to overcome will be 'honour sufficient, and to be beaten by them will be no great 'blemish to your reputation. If you say, Cæsar or Nothing: 'they say, A Republic or Nothing. The Lord Lieutenant's co'lours are white.'1

Thus has Lord-Lieutenant Cromwell gone to the Wars in Ireland. But before going, and while just on the eve of going, he has had the following, among a multiplicity of other businesses, to attend to.

LETTER XCI.

BARNABAS O'BRYEN, Sixth Earl of Thomond, Twentieth-and-odd King of Thomond, a very ancient Irish dignitary of the Limerick regions, whom it were still worth while to conciliate, has fallen into 'straits,' distresses; applies to the Lord Lieutenant to help him a little. The Lord Lieutenant thinks his case good; forwards it with recommendation to Harrington, of the Council of State, the proper official person in such matters. Note, this is by no

1 Newspapers (in Cromwelliana, p. 62).

means Harrington of the Oceana, this 'Sir James;' this is Member (recruiter') for Rutlandshire, and only a distant cousin of the Oceana's.

What the Earl of Thomond's case was, as we have not seen the enclosed' statement of it, shall remain somewhat vague to us. Thomond had not joined the Irish Massacre, in 1641: but neither would he join against it; he apologised to the King's Lieutenant on that occasion, said he had no money, no force; retired with many apologetic bows into England to the King himself; leaving his unmonied Castle of Bunratty to the King's Lieutenant, -who straightway found some 2,0007. of good money lying hidden in it, and cheerfully appropriated the same. I incline to think, it may be for this Two-thousand and odd pounds, to have it acknowledged as a debt and allowed on the Earl of Peterborough's estate, that the poor Earl, in the modesty of his desires,' is now pleading. For he has been in active Royalist services since that passive one; in Ormond Wars, cessations, sequestrations; is a much mulcted, impoverished man. And as for the Earl of Peterborough his son-in-law, he was one of poor Earl Holland's people in that fatal futile rising of St. Neot's, last and is now wandering in foreign parts, in a totally ruined condition. who are curious may follow the indications in the note.' Earl Thomond's modest desire was allowed. Bunratty Castle, where that 2,000l. was found buried in the walls,' is now quite deserted by the Thomonds; is now 'the largest Police-Barrack' in those Limerick regions.

year;

Readers

"For the Honourable Sir James Harrington, Knight, of the Council of State: These.'

SIR,

'London,' 9th July, 1349.

You see by this Enclosed, how great damage the Earl of Thomond hath sustained by these Troubles, and what straits he and his family are reduced unto by reason thereof. You see the modesty of his desires to

Ludlow, i. 21; Whitlocke (2d edit.), p. 420, see also p. 201; Commons Journals, vi. 279, 445 (15 Aug. 1649, and 23 July, 1650); Collins's Peerage, ii. 216; &c. &c.

be such as may well merit consideration. I am confident, that which he seeks is not so much for advantage of himself, as out of a desire to preserve his son-in-law the Earl of Peterborough's fortune and family from ruin.

If the result of the favour of the House fall upon him, although but in this way, it's very probable it will oblige his Lordship to endeavour the peace and quiet of this Commonwealth. Which will be no disservice to the State;

perhaps of more advantage than the extremity of his Fine. Besides, you shewing your readiness to do a good office herein will very much oblige,

Sir,

Your affectionate servant,

OLIVER CROMWELL."

LETTER XCII.

HERE likewise is a Letter which the Lord-Lieutenant, in still greater haste, now in the very act of departing, has had to write,

-on behalf of his 'Partner' or fellow Member for Cambridge; which likewise the reader is to glance at, before going:

I beseech you, upon that score of favour, if I be not too bold to call it friendship, which I have ever had from you, let me desire you to promote my Partner's humble suit to the House; and obtain, as far as possibly you may, some just satisfaction for him. I know his sufferings for the Public have been great, besides the loss

Tanner Mss. (in Cary, ii. 150).