آزمایش praise, ستایش, اسایش to the contracted participle, as ش temptation. as The letter elif added to fome adjectives makes them abstract nouns, .warmth شرما ,warm گر Nouns denoting the place of any thing are formed by the termina tions listán, lʊ dán, jlj zár, ogah, or ↳ẹ já, as lü negaristán * a gallery of pictures. .guliftan a bower of rofes گلستان hekerdan شکردان or شکرستان fhekeriftân} a chest of sugar. .fumbuliftan a garden of byacinths سنبلستان .heerihan the country of lions شیرستان The learner must remember, that when these compounds are used as * The five first of these names are the titles of as many excellent books: the Behariítán and Gulistán are poetical compofitions by Jâmi and Sâdi; the Negariftán is a very entertaining miscel lany in profe and verse; and the Shekerdân is a miscellaneous work in Arabick upon the history of Egypt as to the Sumbulistân, I have seen it quoted, but recollect neither the subject, nor the name of its author. The Greeks fometimes gave these flowery titles to their books; thus Pamphilus publithed a treatise on different fubjects, which he called up a meadow; and Apoftolius Alj compiled an 'Iwnaj is a garden of violets, or a collection of proverbs and fentences. diftin&t diftinct fubftantives, the termination of the plural, and of the oblique cafe, must be added to the end of them, as شیرین دهن .Sing. Nom شیرین دهنرا .Obl. شیرین دهنان .Plur. Nom اشیرین دهنانرا Obl. a girl with fweet lips. girls with fweet lips. The Perfian verbs are compounded either with nouns and adjectives, or with prepofitions and other particles. The verbs chiefly used in the first fort of compofition are have, lw to make, ☺☺ to order, to devour, ☺j to to داشتن to bring آوردن to do کردن ,to become گردیدن or گشتن, to most common of these is to take, and to find. The which is joined in all its inflexions to a multitude of Arabick gerunds or verbal nouns, as well as to Perfian adjectives and participles, as .ikrar kerden to confefs اقرار کردن Thus Thus Hafiz, صبحست ساقیا قدحي پر شراب کن دور فلک درنک ندارد شتاب کن خورشيد مي زمشرف ساغر طلوع کرد كر برك عيش ميطلبي ترك خواب كن It is morning; boy, fill the cup with wine: the rolling heaven makes no delay, therefore haften. The fun of the wine rises from the east of the cup if thou feekeft the delights of mirth, leave thy fleep. : .hujim averden to aault هجوم آوردن .yad averden to remember یاد آوردن .ajeb dafhten to wonder عجب داشتن .mazúr dafhten to excufe معذور داشتن .here berden to envy حسد بردن .itikad berden to believe اعتقاد بردن w .ghemm khorden to grieve غم خوردن .feugend khorden to fiwear سوگند خوردن .rúthen fakhten to enlighten روشن ساختن .ter fakhten to moijien تر ساختن .iltifat numûden to efleem التفات نمودن .medhath gefhten to be aftonigbed مدهوش كشتن .gemnak gerdíden to be aflicted غمناک گردیدن .pedeed ameden to appear پدید آمدن .ihfan deeden to be benefited احسان دیدن .perverith yaften to be educated پرورش یافتن .kerar griften to be confirmed قرار گرفتن The -are very frequently ufed in compo فرمودن and زدن The verbs fition, as ¿j o̟ʊ nâreh zeden to call aloud, múden to confider; thus Geláleddîn Rúzbehár, fikr fer تا بحمد تو نعره زد بلبل همه گوشم چون درخت گل While the nightingale fings thy praifes with a loud voice, I am all ear like the ftalk of the rofe-tree. فكر معقول بغرما كل بيخار كجاست and Hafiz, Confider attentively; where is a rofe without a thorn? Some of the particles, with which verbs are compounded, are fignificant, and others redundant and ornamental, as .vapes dafhten to detain واپس داشتن سر دادن fer dáden to banish, to confine to a place. In the present tense of a compound verb the particle is inferted مي to fill پر کردن between the two words of which it is compofed, as Sometimes the two words of which a verb is compounded are placed at a great distance from each other, as صبا بلطف بگو آن غزال رعنارا که سر بکوه و بیابان تو داده مارا « O weftern breeze, fay thus to yon tender fawn, thou haft confined us "to the hills and deferts." -to confine, reléguer, is fepa سر دادن the preterite of سر سر داده where rated by three words. The noun has a number of different fenfes, and is therefore the moft difficult word in the Perfian language; it fignifies the head, the top, the point, the principal thing, the air, defire, love, will, intention, &c. and fometimes its meaning is fo vague that it seems a mere expletive, though the Perfians undoubtedly feel its force. VOL. II. E E There |