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Christ.

And he said, "Brethren, if I were to represent to you in a figure the condition of man as a sinner, and the means of his recovery by the cross of Jesus Christ, I should represent it somewhat in this way :—

"Suppose a large grave-yard, surrounded by a high wall, with only one entrance, which is by a large iron gate, which is fast bolted. Within these walls are thousands and tens of thousands of human beings of all ages andof all classes, whom one epidemic disease is sending to the grave. The grave yawns to swallow them, and they must all die. There is no balm to relieve them-no physician there they must perish.

Justice, said, What are thy demands? Justice replied, My terms are stern and rigid. I must have sickness for their health; I must have ignominy for their honour; I must have death for life. "Without the shedding of blood, there is no remission." Justice, said the Son of God, I accept thy terms. On me be this wrong, and let Mercy enter. When, said Justice, will you perform this promise? Jesus replied, "Four thousand years hence upon the Hill of Calvary, without the gates of Jerusalem, I will perform it in my own person. ." The deed was prepared, and signed in the presence of the angels of God. Justice was satisfied, and Mercy entered; "This is the condition of man as a preaching salvation in the name of sinner-all, who have sinned, And the Jesus. The deed was committed soul that sinneth, it shall die. While to the patriarchs; by them to the man is in this deplorable state, mercy, kings of Israel and the prophets; by the darling attribute of Deity, came them it was preserved till Daniel's sedown and stood at the gate, looked at venty weeks were accomplished.the scene and wept over it, exclaim- Then at the appointed time, Justice ing, "Oh! that I might enter; I appeared on the Hill of Calvary; would bind up their wounds-I would and Mercy presented to him the imrelieve their sorrows-I would save portant deed. Where, said Justice, their souls!" While Mercy stood is the Son of God? Mercy answerweeping at the gate, an embassy of ed, Behold him at the bottom of the angels, commissioned from the court hill, bearing his own cross! And then of Heaven, to some other world pass- she departed, and stood aloof at ing over, paused at the sight. And the hour of trial. Jesus ascended Heaven forgave that pause.

And the hill, while in his train followed his

seeing Mercy standing there, they cried, "Mercy! Mercy! can you not enter? Can you look upon this scene, and not pity? Can you pity, and not relieve?" Mercy replied, "I can see;" and in tears she added, "I can pity, but I cannot relieve." Why can you not enter?" Oh! said Mercy;

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Justice has barred the gate against me. I cannot, must not, unbar it." At this moment Justice himself appeared, as it were to watch the gate. The angels inquired of him, Why will you not let Mercy in ? Justice replied, My law is broken, and it must be honoured. Die, they or Justice must! At this there appeared a form among the angelic band like the Son of God; who, addressing himself to VOL. I.-32.

weeping Church. Justice immediately presented him with the deed, saying, This is the day when this bond is to be executed. When he received it, did he tear it in pieces, and give it to the winds of Heaven? No! He nailed it to the cross, exclaiming, It is finished Justice called on holy fire to come down and consume the sacrifice. Holy fire descended! It swallowed his humanity; but when it touched his Deity, it expired; and there was darkness over the whole heavens. But, Glory to God in the highest; on earth, peace, good will to men."

This, said the Welchman, this is but a specimen of Christianus Evans.

Religious Entelligence.

HISTORY OF MISSIONS.

sons pass along under Thy feet, to go and come at Thy bidding; and, as

"o ye into all the world, and preach the Thou didst dignify our Fathers' days gospel to every creature."

with many Revelations above all their foregoing ages, since Thou

I shall lay before our readers, a tookest the flesh, so Thou canst brief view of the different Mission-vouchsafe to us, though unworthy, as ary stations in the four divisions of large a portion of Thy Spirit as Thou the world, which have been estab- pleasest; for who shall prejudice lished since the Reformation.

Thy all-governing will? Seeing the And, afterwards, from time to time, power of Thy Grace is not passed I shall give in detail, from Loskiel, away with the Primitive Times, as Crantz, Brown, and other authentic fond and faithless men imagine; but sources of information, a sketch of Thy Kingdom is now at hand, and the history of the most prominent Thou standing at the door. Come missions, which have been in progress forth out of Thy Royal Chambers, O more or less successful since that pe- Prince of all the Kings of the Earth! riod. And in the outset my pious Put on the visible robes of Thy readers will cordially join with me, in Imperial Majesty. Take up that unthe following sublime, and truly de-limited Sceptre, which Thy Almighty vout supplication of Milton, in behalf of missions :

Father hath bequeathed Thee; for now the Voice of Thy Bride calls Thee, and all Creatures sigh to be renewed."

The Swiss appear to have justly merited the honour of at least attempting first of any of the European nations, to send Missionaries into a foreign land. In A. D. 1556, the Church of Geneva sent out fourteen Missionaries to plant the Christian religion in South America, on the coasts of Brazil,

"Come, therefore, O Thou that hast the Seven Stars in Thy right | hand! Appoint Thy chosen Priests, according to their orders and courses of old, to minister before Thee, and duly to dress and pour out the consecrated oil into Thy holy and everburning lamps! Thou hast sent out the Spirit of Prayer upon Thy servants over all the earth to this effect, and stirred up their vows as the sound of many waters about Thy throne. Every one can say, that now certainly Thou hast visited this land, and hast not forgotten the utmost corners of the earth, in a time when men had thought that Thou wast gone up from us to the farthest end of Lapland. the Heavens, and hadst left to do The Dutch rank third in the homarvellously among the Sons of these nour of early and zealous Missionalast ages. Oh perfect and accom-ry enterprise. Their rich and extenplish Thy glorious acts! for Men sive conquests in the East Indies, may leave their works unfinished; opened a door of usefulness, which but Thou art a God-thy nature is few nations besides themselves, enperfection. The Times and the Sea-joyed at that time. Soon after the

The Swedes next take the lead in point of an early attention to the spread of the gospel. In A. D. 1559, Gustavus Vasa, king of Sweden, sent pious Missionaries to instruct and convert the inhabitants of

beginning of the 17th century, and after they had expelled the Portuguese from Ceylon, and the adjacent islands; and some short time after the year 1650, they began to introduce the Protestant religion among the natives. They were very successful, (to say the least, as to gaining numbers) in Ceylon and Java. In the province of Jaffna alone, they had 32 native Churches besides Dutch and Portuguese Churches. Before the year 1720, they had baptized 300,000 natives in Ceylon; and in Batavia, upwards of 200,000.

On the newly discovered continent of America, the Christian religion was successfully introduced among the Indians. In 1646, the celebrated Elliot began his Missionary career among the Indians of the Massachusetts colony. He laboured with success until his death in 1690.

The family of the pious Mayhews, spread the gospel also with success in Martha's Vineyard. The Missionary, Richard Bourne, was stationed over the Indian Church at Mashpee, 50 miles from Boston; and at 22 other small stations he laboured in the gospel, and taught the Indians and their children to read and to write. He was a cotemporary of Elliot.

The mission of the Stockbridge Indians, was commenced in A.D. 1734, by Mr. John Seargeant; who, after very successful labours, was succeeded by the distinguished Edwards, afterwards President of Princeton College. This tribe of Indians moved out into the Oneida country, soon after the peace of the Revolution; and they and their pastor, Mr. Sergeant, the son of the first Missionary at that station, have been under the patronage of the Scottish Society of Missions.

Under the same Scottish Society, the apostolic Brainard, commenced his Missionary enterprise in 1743, first at Kanaumeek, near Albany; next at Minisink, and Crossweek

sung, and other places in New-Jersey. This unwearied, and truly pious Missionary was blessed with much success.

In 1764, Mr. Samuel Kirkland was the first who went out as a Missionary among the Oneida Indians.In 1766, he returned from New-England, to his station, after having been ordained to the ministry. He took out with him three additional Missionaries and teachers from the Indian school of Dr. Wheelock, of Lebanon, Connecticut. In 1773, the Scottish Society for propagating Christian knowledge, in conjunction with Harvard College, took him under their care. After the war of the Revolution, in 1785 he returned again to his station, and was eminently useful in instructing and converting many of the natives.

The Danish Missionaries, Ziegenbalg, and Plutcho, were sent out to the East Indies, by Frederick IV. king of Denmark. They arrived at Tranquebar in 1706. They soon acquired the Tamul language. They laboured for many years among the natives, the Portuguese, and the Germans. Other distinguished Ministers soon joined them; among whom was Grundler and Schults and Dal. In A. D. 1736, the number of Christian converts at these Daniah mission stations amounted to 3517 souls: in 1747, they amounted to 8056. Be sides the station in Tranquebar, they had five stations in the country; in one of which the usual number of their audience was, on an average, 1421 on Sabbath days. (Brown, i. p. 202.) In January, 1750, the famous Missionary Swartz, arrived at Tranquebar. He laboured with an apostolic spirit as a Missionary in India for forty-eight years. He preached every Sabbath in the English and Tamulian languages alternately; and also in the Portuguese and German. He died in 1798, aged 72 years.Never did a man live more honoured and beloved; nor die more sincerely

lamented. The Rajah of Tanjore
came to see his body, after it was in
the coffin. He bended down over it,
and bedewed it with his tears. He
covered the coffin with gold cloth,
and followed it to the grave in tears.
The multitude wailed so loud, that
the voice of the Missionaries while
singing the funeral hymn, was drown-
ed by the voice of the mourners.—
One of the native converts gave this
character of him. "Mr. Swartz was
full of love to Christ. He used to
preach of the love of the Redeemer,
until he wept; and then his hearers
soon became Christians." In the
year 1806, the late Dr. Buchanan
visited these Danish stations. They
are still in a flourishing condition. In
1809, at Tanjore alone there were
12,000 native Christians. There are
three principal stations at which the
apostolic Swartz laboured, Tranque-thren, who visited Greenland.
bar, Tanjore, and Tritchinapoly.

increased to eleven. About 1800, in
consequence of various calamities, the
stations were reduced to five. And ow-
ing to the late wars between Eng!and
and Denmark, all communication with
Greenland was broken off; and the last
Danish Missionary, we are grieved
to say, left Greenland in 1812.
We
can discover no account of the num-
ber of converts made during the pro-
gress of the mission. The Mission-
aries had translated the New Testa-
inent into the Greenland tongue; also
a Hymn Book and a Catechism.

The United Brethren, or Moravians, (of whose religious tenets we shall speak afterwards,) have been zealously devoted to Missionary enterprises, since the beginning of the eighteenth century.

In 1733, Christian David was the first Missionary of the United BreHe

At New-Herrn

was accompanied by two others.-
Their Christian labours were crown-
ed with considerable success. In the
course of the eighteenth century,
they and their successors formed
three settlements.
hutt, the oldest of these settlements,
there were 300 converted natives
alive in A. D. 1810. At Lichtenfels
298; at Lichtenau 400; in all 998 in
full communion. They are still in-
creasing, notwithstanding all the dis-
asters, and epidemic diseases with
which they have been visited.

The Danish mission to Greenland was commenced by Mr. Hans Egede, formerly pastor of the Church at Vogan, in the north of Norway. After encountering difficulties which appear to us almost insuperable, he landed with his wife and four children, and his little colony on the icy shores of Greenland in A. D. 1721. He went out under the patronage of Frederick IV. king of Denmark, and the Missionary College, at his own earnest request. Having through great perseverance, acquired the language of the Greenlanders, he laboured in the gospel of Christ, through the midst of incredible difficulties and distress-hospitable regions of Greenland; es, until the year 1736. He then returned home, and spent the rest of his days at Falster island. But, he was not idle he devoted his time to the interests of this Greenland mission. In consequence of his personal exertions, the mission was prosecuted with great vigor. From 1721 to 1759, eight Missionary stations were formed; and five missionaries and eleven Catechists laboured among the natives. The stations were soon

While the Missionaries of the Brethren from Herrnhuth, in Upper Lusatia, were visiting the frozen and in

others of them found their way to the glowing regions of the West Indies. In 1732, Leonard Dober, and David Nitschman, commenced their labours in the isle of St. Thomas. And in the course of the eighteenth century, the numerous Missionaries of the Brethren had extended their Christian labours of love to St. Croix, St. Jan, Jamaica, Tobago, St. Kitts, Antigua, and Barbadoes.

The Brethren had as early as 1734,

made a settlement in Georgia, (Amer- Peace," are detailed in affecting terms ica,) with a view from thence to in- in Loskiel's History of the Missiontroduce Christianity among the vari-aries of the United Brethren in Ameous Indian tribes. In consequence rica.

dusky, and on the Muskingum. The various wars, massacres, assassinations, and incredible privations and sufferings which presented themselves in melancholy succession, in the history of these humble but apostolical

of the war between the English and So early as 1767, the zealous and the Spaniards, who attempted to drive enterprsing Missionary, Zeisberger, them from the country, this pious lit-penetrated so far as the river Ohio, and tle colony had to betake themselves the town of the Seneca Nation. And into Pennsylvania. In the mean-shortly after this, they had a congrewhile, the Rev. Mr. Spangenberg, gation of Christian Indians at Sanwho had come out with this colony, returned to Germany. And the picture of the wretchedness of the Indian tribes, drawn by that zealous and eloquent Missionary, made such deep impression on the minds of the Brethren, that immediately twelve Mis-men, and their devoted followers the sionaries were nominated for this arduous undertaking. Christian H. Rauch was one of these devoted men. He arrived in New-York in 1739. These Missionaries visited and instructed the Mohegans, the Delawares, the Shawneese, and the Iroquois, or Six Nations; at whose chief town, called Onondaga, two of the Brethren were invited to settle by the chiefs. A flourishing Indian congregation was formed at Bethlehem, which was afterwards transferred to Nain, about a mile distant. The congregation consisted of about 500 natives.

Indian converts, are detailed with much interest by Loskiel, and Brown. (History of Missions, i. pp. 385492.)

The United Brethren have, at present, five Missionary stations in North America. 1st. Fairfield, in Canada; 2d. Goshen, on the Muskingum, Ohio; 3d. Spring-Place, among the Cherokees; 4th. Sandusky, among the Wyandots and Mingoes; 5th. Flint River, among the Creeks. The number of converts and baptized, is now unknown. In the horrible massacre and fire at Muskingum in A. They had also schools for D. 1781, all their records and papers children, young men, and young wo- were consumed. In 1772, the total men. In a short time they increased number of Christian natives on their so much, that the Brethren had to di- lists amounted to 720. That truly vide them. They bought a tract of venerable and devoted man of God, land of 1400 acres, beyond the Blue David Zeisberger, died on NovemMountains in Pennsylvania, and rear-ber 17, 1808, at Goshen, on the ed a new town called Wechquetank; Muskingum, in the 88th year of his and placed the Christian Indians un-age. He, laboured as a Missionary der the same regulations as those of among the Indians, with an apostolic zeal and perseverance, for sixty The dreadful sufferings to which years! He spared no pains. He these two societies of Christian In-taught those of adult years, and the dians were exposed from the misguid-young, with a singular and enlightened fury and cruelty of the white peo-ed zeal. He was reduced to a mere ple (called the Paxton boys,) their skeleton by his incessant labours ; massacre at Lancaster, their suffer- and was almost blind by age, a few ings in Philadelphia, in A. D. 1764; months before his death; but his and their removal in 1765 to their zeal and fervour were unabated new town on the banks of the Sus- to the last in the holy Missionaquehannah, called "The Tents of ry cause. He may very justly be

Nain.

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