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tude affigned it, in the original; the length of the western coaft, must neceffarily be augmented, which it is, by 3 miles. The width of the gulf, in the original, from Swalley to Groapnaught, is 52 G. miles.. I have allowed it 48 only.

It may be observed however that both D'Anville and D'Apres give even a more oblique direction to this coaft than I have done; at the fame time, that they give nearly the fame direction to the eastern coast, that Mr. Skynner does; and by this means, bring the head of the gulf, almoft to a point. D'Anville places Cambay 33′ of longitude west of Bombay, and D'Apres 25'. I have allowed only 7′ 15′′. And Groapnaught Point, placed as above described, is in lon. 71° 42' 30"; which is 4′ 30′′ more eastwardly, than it would have been, had Mr. Skynner been followed throughout. It is unpleasant to reflect that one is left in a state of uncertainty on a matter of confiderable importance; for fuch, the true bearing of the oppofite coafts of a deep and dangerous gulf, must be regarded: and here we find a whole point in dispute.

From Groapnaught Point, to Diu Head, I have followed Mr. Skynner's original bearing and distance; which gives 1° 50′ 15′′ difference of longitude weft; placing the weftmoft part of the Point, in lon. 69° 52′ 15′′. The latitude is 20° 43'.

From Diu Point to Cape Monze, beyond the mouth of the Indus, or Sinde river, the bearing and distance is taken from a medium of three charts furnished by Mr. Dalrymple, and appears to be N 41° 20' W; and the distance, corrected by the latitudes of Point Diu, and Cape Monze, the latter taken at 25° 5', gives 3° 58′ difference of longitude; placing Cape Monze in 65° 54. M. D'Anville places this Cape near a degree more to the eastward; and makes the longitude between it and Bombay 4° 57', instead of 6° 44', as given in my map and this makes a great alteration in the figure of the ccaft between Surat and the mouth of the Sinde, or Indus: the peninsula of Guzerat being much larger than was formerly fuppofed,

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the gulf of Sinde (or Cutch) much smaller; and the Deita of the Indus projecting into the sea, instead of receding from it.

The several charts of the western coaft of the peninfula of Guzerat, and of the coast of Sinde, differ in a variety of particulars 3 and would make a minute difcuffion of them, too tedious, even for this Memoir; and befides, nothing appears in either of them, to claim a preference. In the general bearing above given, the three charts differed no more, among themselves, than 2° 15', in bearing; but the charts of the mouth of the Sinde and the gulph of Cutch, differed fo much that Mr. Dalrymple thought proper to publish them all separately, in order that every perfon might be enabled to judge for himself. On collating the names of the different months of the Sinde, one finds great contradictions; and it is very difficult to identify them in the feveral charts. The flatness and want of variety in the appearance of the coaft, added to the fand-banks which keep navigators at a distance, and prevent their difcriminating any minute objects that may occur, occafion these miftakes. The tombs alone appear to be the marks for the coaft. The latitude of Ritchel I have taken at 24° 21'; and that of Caranchy or Crotchey, at 25°.

All the particulars of the western coaft of Guzerat, and the mouth of the Sinde, are copied from the abovementioned MS. and printed charts of Mr. Dalrymple's: and confequently the whole coaft from St. John's Point to Cape Monze, is defcribed from new materials.

I now return to Balafore.

From Balafore, eastward to Chittigong, the diftance has been determined by the inland furvey; and the figure of the coafts and inlets by Capt. Ritchie's fea furvey. The difference of longitude between the towns of Balafore and Chittigong (or Iflamabad) is 4° 53′ east; and, it is worthy of remark, that the distance by Capt. Ritchie's marine furvey, agreed with the measurement on hore, to within two miles and a half.

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The charts as late as the year 1752, represented the difference of longitude between these two places, to be only 3° 48'; that is, 1° 5' less than the truth. And this diminution of the longitude, while the difference of latitude continued right, gave the fea coast between the mouths of the Ganges, a direction of two points, or 22 degrees more northwardly than the truth; which doubtless occafioned the lofs of many ships, who trufted to the information.

From Islamabad, in longitude 91° 55', latitude 22° 20′, the coafts of Aracan and Pegu take a SSE courfe to Cape Negrais, the extreme point of Pegu to the fouth-weft; the latitude of which is under 16 degrees, and distance from Islamabad about 420 G. miles. The outline of this whole coaft has been traced by Capt. Ritchie, under the fame direction, and in the fame manner, as the coafts on the weft fide of the bay. He made the difference of longitude 2° 32′ cast from Islamabad; placing Cape Negrais in 94° 27′ Mr. Dalrymple, who has taken uncommon pains to ascertain the bearing of this coaft, from journals, and a variety of sketches and remarks, makes the difference of longitude 2° 34', or only 2' different from Mr. Ritchie. The refult of this laborious enquiry, corrected by a nicely discriminating judgment, corroborates, in the strongest manner, Capt. Ritchie's calculation; and affords a degree of fatisfaction next to that of an actual obfervation.

I mean to have it understood that Capt. Ritchie's chart of this coaft, is to be taken only as a general outline, being imperfect as a coafting chart. Many particulars on this coaft are taken from Mr. Dalrymple's collection, both printed and MS.: particularly, the river of Aracan, the east fide of Cheduba, and the paffage between it and the main; and a variety of particulars on the coaft of Ava. Some of the names of places. were alfo mifconceived by Capt. Ritchie.

The longitude of this Cape was reckoned by M. D'Anville only 93° 16": fo that the New Map increases the distance between the mouth of the Sinde (or Indus) and Cape Negrais, 2 degrees and 7 minutes of longitude.

Capt.

Capt. Ritchie's latitude of Cape Negrais, or Pagoda Point, is more fouthwardly than it is commonly taken at, by 10 minutes; which I cannot account for, as his obfervations of latitude are generally exact. I have placed this Cape (by which I mean the south extremity of the coast of Ava) in 15° 57', by the medium of 6 different accounts, varying from 15° 51′, to 16° 4′. Capt. Ritchie's was 15° 52′ 30′′.

At this point, my materials for ascertaining the intermediate longitudes of places on the eastern fide of the bay, fail me: and I have been under the neceffity, in a great measure, of fubftituting judgment for fact, between Cape Negrais and the next place of observation, Mergui: which place, as it is given by M. D'Apres in his new Neptune Orientale, is in 98° 20' east longitude, or 3° 53′ eaft from Cape Negrais. M. D'Anville allows 4 degrees; which comes within 7 minutes of mine; but although we agree nearly in the aggregate, we differ widely in point of particulars.

The MS. charts that I have confulted, make the difference of longitude in question, 4° 30′ on a medium; which is 37′ more than I make it. And M. D'Apres makes it 4° 19′.

The difagreement in particulars between M. D'Anville's account and mine, arises in the part between Cape Negrais, and the coast of Martaban. It happens that this coaft lies in a direction fo far from meridional, and at the fame time the tides and currents of the several mouths of the Ava river, do so disturb and falfify the ship's reckonings, that the true distance can never be ascertained that way, in the ordinary courfe of navigation. Plans of the Perfaim and Syrian rivers, as high up as the cities of those names refpectively, have been already published in Mr.. Dalrymple's collection; and, fortunately, I have been able to obtain tracings of the continuations of those rivers (which are the two extreme branches of the Ava river) to the place where they feparate from the main river, at about 150 G. miles from the fea. The bearings of the two branches interfect each other at an angle of about 60 degrees; and, there

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fore, by the help of the latitude, may be used, in correcting the length of the coaft between Negrais and Syrian. The Perfaim, or Negrais branch, was traced by that accurate observer, Capt. George Baker, in his way to Ava in 1755. I have not been able to learn by whom the Syrian branch was traced; but by the orthography of the words in the map, the author appears to have been a Dutchman.

The refult of thefe bearings, corrected by the latitude, as fet forth in the Syrian map, gives difference of longitude from Negrais Point, to the mouth of the Syrian river, 2° 21′ east; which is about 10' less than M. D'Apres makes it, and 21′ lefs than M. D'Anville. Some of the MS. charts make the difference ftill more.

The mouths of the Ava river, which form an affemblage of low iflands, like those of the Ganges, are described from several MS. charts of Mr. Dalrymple's, collated with M. D'Apres' new chart.

From the mouth of the Syrian river to the coast of Martaban, in latitude 15° I have copied from the new chart of M. D'Apres, published a very short time before his death. The figure of the coaft is quite new.

Between the aforefaid latitude and Tavai Point, our charts are very imperfect; but generally agree in giving the coast a direction of fouth, a very little eastwardly..

From Tavai Point to Mergui, the coaft is taken from a MS. chart compiled by the late Mr. Howe.

Mergui is placed, as I have faid before, according to M. D'Apres observation: that is, in longitude 98° 20′; latitude. 12° 9'.

All the remainder of the coaft, to Junkfeilon; and the whole Mergui Archipelago, is from M. D'Apres.

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