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yet, as Jionpour and Tanjore ftand in little or no relation to each other, it was of no ufe to give the distance between them. The farme may be faid of most of the other fubordinate places.

The method, therefore, that I have followed, is this: I have chofen fuch places as appear to be of the greatest political consequence (such as the British Presidencies, and the Courts of the native Princes) and of which I reckon 12; and confidering them as centres, have formed for each a separate table, in which the distance from the central place to every other place of note, whofe fituation may be fuppofed to become a matter of enquiry, is inferted; the names following in alphabetical order. A page is allotted to each of these central places, which are AGRA, BENARES, BOMBAY, CALCUTTA, DELHI, HYDERABAD, LUCKNOW, MADRAS, NAGPOUR, OUGEIN, POONAH, and SERING APATAM, and these alfo follow in the fame order.

The tables contain near 1000 distances; and although these are reckoned only from 12 different points, yet by attending to the particulars of each table, a great many other distances. may be found; as the communication between places, is usually by the medium of the capital towns that intervene (fee page 6). For inftance, the diftance between Arcot and Allahabad may be collected from the tables of Hydrabad and Nagpour, as these places lie in the line of direction between the two former. Alfo, the distance between Patna and Aurungabad may be found by means of the Nagpour table and that from Mirzapour to Surat, by subtracting the distance of the one from the other, in the Benares table. And by the fame methods, the distances between moft other places of note may be found. And in order to facilitate the fearch, and bring into one view the refpective pofitions of the feveral places mentioned in the tables, I have added a finall map.

To avoid repeating the diftances between the 12 central or primary places, through every table, they are inferted in that table, alone, whofe name ftands firft in the alphabet. Thus the distance

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between CALCUTTA and AGRA, will be found in the AGRA table, and not in that of CALCUTTA.

With respect to the distances themselves, it must not be expected that they are in general critically exact; for although the positions of 8 out of the 12 primary places are determined with fome degree of precifion; and 3 out of the 4 remaining ones, pretty nearly; yet the intermediate roads have, in few inftances (thofe between Bengal and Delhi excepted) been measured. But fince the publication of the first tables, the measured routes of Col. Pearfe from Calcutta to Madras, Mr. Ewart's between Calcutta and Nagpour; and Mr. Pringle's tables of routes in the Carnatic; have come to hand and the prefent tables will accordingly be found much improved. The deficiencies could only be fupplied by the computed distances; which, however, appear to come as near the truth in India, as in any country whatever or where thefe have failed, by allowing such a degree of winding, as is found by experience to take place in a fimilar kind of country. The cofs is always reckoned at one British mile and nine-tenths, in road measure.

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other particulars refpecting the length of the cofs, and the windings of roads, the reader is defired to turn to the first pages of this Memoir.

The length of a day's journey in Hindooftan (as has been observed before) is from 11 to 12 coffes, or about 22 miles, for an ordinary traveller. But that of a courier, or profeffed meffenger, may be reckoned at 30 or 33; and on occafions of emergency, they can travel even more; and that for a continuance of 15 or 20 days.

A regular post is established throughout the parts of Hindooftan subject to the Eaft India Company, and alfo from Calcutta to Madras. The poftmen always travel on foot. Their stages are commonly from 7 to 8 miles; and their rate of travelling within our own diftricts, about 70 miles in the 24. hours.

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