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JAJREM,' a city of Khurásán, between Asterábád 2 * and Níshápúr.3

JAJNAGAR, in India, a city of Oudieh in former times, but now ruined.

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JABAL, a name signifying "a mountain," given to the country extending between îrák Arab and Khurásán: the cities considered as the principal in this country are four, Isfahán, Hamadán, Rai, and Zinján.R

JATTAH, an extensive region of Túrán, from which the Jattahs derive their name. This tribe is originally Moghúl,10 and their country is also called Moghúlistán." These people were at first hostile

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The Persian Farhang or Dictionary entitled "Burhan-i-Kátâ" informs us that "Istárbád (the first syllable being accented with Kesr) is the name of a city in Tabristán, generally called Asterábád.''

استار باد بكسر اول نام شهریست

در طبرستان مشهور باستراباد

to Emir Taimúr Gurkán1 and his family, so that he found it necessary to bring his army six different times from Samarkand to fight against them in great battles, of which he won some and lost others; but finally remained victorious. Their king had an army of from fifty thousand to a hundred thousand horsemen.*

JARENDAB,3 a district of Tabríz.*†

JAÍR, a castle in Syria, named after the Emir Jair.

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JEMMAAIL, a city in the country of the Franks." JUNABAD, also JUNABED; the Arabic manner of writing the Persian name of Gúnábád," a city in the province of Khurásán.

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* The celebrated conqueror Taimúr, on account of some personal infirmity or defect, was often called Taimúr lang, the lame or deformed Taimúr: from his name with this epithet was derived the strange title of Tamerlane, given to him by many European writers. His name also is frequently written Timour, Timoor, &c. He died in the year of Christ 1405; of the Muhammedan era, 807.

+ The second MS. copy of Sadik Isfahani's work adds, “and from that place is named the Rúd-i-Jarendáb," or river of

و بآن منسوبست رود جرنداب Jarendab

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JúzPÁN,' a district of Bastám in Khurásán. The Arabic mode of writing this name is Júzfán.3

JÚNAH GADH,* (spelt with the Indian D,) a fortress of Gujerát in India; it is also called Karnál the name Júnah Gadeh signifies : "an ancient castle."

JíSELMÍR,7* a city of India between AjmírR and

Sind.9

CHUKHÚR SAAD, 10 a place on the borders of Ázerbáján. The word Chukhúr in the Turkí language has the same signification as in Persian; and Saad is the name of a man after whom this place is called.†

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"Jesselmere (Jesalmer), a large division of Rajpootana, situated between the twenty-sixth and twenty-eighth degrees of north latitude."-Hamilton's "East India Gazetteer."

+ Notwithstanding this explanation, some ambiguity still exists in the Persian word; and it does not appear that is noticed in the best Turkish dictionaries. Our author, Sádik Isfahani, describes "Iraván" as a castle or fortress; and

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CHARKEZ,1 also written CHARKES, is the last region of the sixth climate on the borders of Rúm.

CHÍPÁL,3 a city called after the name of a Rájah* of the Panjab," in Hindústán, who lived in the time of Sultan Mahmud Ghaznevi.6

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CHÍCHAKTÚ, a tract of country in Khurásán, near Maimend; it is one of the territories belonging to Balkh.9

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ضرب چخور سعد ایروان ۱۲۲۵

Sir W. Ouseley did not know, when he visited this place, that the gold and silver coins struck there exhibited the words “Chukhúr Saad." A riál, or piece of silver money which afterwards fell into his hands at Amásiah, mentions in the inscription that it had been coined at the "Chukhúr Saad, Iraván," in the year (of the Muhammedan era) 1225, (corresponding to 1810 of Christ). "I learned," says Sir William, "that in the Turkí language Chukhúr signified a place of abode, (perhaps also of sepulture,) and that Saad was the name of some distinguished personage." ("Travels," Vol. iii. p. 442.) A quotation however, which Sir William adds from the MS. Chronicle Âálum Árái, seems to indicate some distinction between Iraván and Chukhúr Saad: he thinks it possible that Iraván was a name originally and peculiarly applied to the fortress, and Chukhúr Saad to the adjoining territory.

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CHÍN,' a celebrated country of the East, named after Chin the son of Japhet, son of Noah, on whom be the blessing of God! The Moghúls call the capital of that region Mahri."

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خ

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KHÁBÚR, a river in the province of Jezíreh,3 rising in the mountains of Rásalâín," and falling into the Frát. On the banks of the river Khábúr is a city bearing the same name, founded by KobádR the father of Núshírván.9

"the

KHANDÍS,10 a country in Hind," situated between Málwah 12 and Dekkan: the name signifies Khan's territory;" and it was so called after Nasr Khán Fárúki,13 the lord of that country; in which are comprised Burhánpúr," Tehálíz, Ásír,16 Lalang," and other towns.*

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* Candeish, according to Major Rennell, is a small soubah, or province, adjoining Malwa on the south, and containing the fine city of Burhanpour. (“ Memoir of a Map of Hindoostan," p. cxxvi.)

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