sent act has no other object than to publish, in the face of the whole world, their fixed resolution, both in the administration of their respective states, and in their political relations with every other Government, to take for their sole guide the precepts of that holy religion, namely, the precepts of Justice, Christian Charity, and Peace, which, far from been applicable only to private concerns, must have an immediate influence on the councils of princes, and guide all their steps, as being the only means of consolidating human institutions, and remedying their imperfections:

In consequence, their Majesties have agreed on the following articles :

Art. 1.-Conformably to the words of the Holy Scriptures, which command all men to consider each other as brethren, the three contracting monarchs will remain united by the bonds of a true and indissoluble fraternity; and, considering each other as fellow-countrymen, they will on all occasions, and in all places, lend each other aid and assistance: and, regarding themselves towards their subjects and armies as fathers of families, they will lead them in the same spirit of fraternity with which they are animated to protect religion, peace, and justice.

Art. 2.-In consequence, the sole principle in force, whether between the said Governments, or between their subjects, shall be that of doing each other reciprocal service, and of testifying by unalterable good will the mutual affection with which they ought to be animated, to consider themselves all as members of one and the same Christian nation. The three Allied Princes looking on themselves as merely delegated by Providence

to govern three branches of the one family, namely, Austria, Prussia, and Russia; thus confessing that the Christian nation, of which they and their people form a part, has in reality no other Sovereign than Him to whom alone power. really belongs, because in Him alone are found all the treasures of love, science, and infinite wisdom, that is to say, God, our. Divine Saviour, the Word of the Most High, the Word of Life. Their Majesties consequently recommend to their people, with the most tender solicitude, as the sole means of enjoying that: peace which arises from a good conscience, and which alone is durable, to strengthen themselves every day more and more in the principles and exercise of the duties> which the Divine Saviour has taught to mankind.

Art. 3.-All the Powers who shall choose solemnly to avow the sacred principles which have dictated the present act, and shall acknowledge how important it is for the happiness of nations, too long: disturbed, that those truths should henceforth exercise over the destinies of mankind all the influence which belongs to them, will be received with equal ardour and affection into this holy alliance.

Done in triplicate, and signed at Paris, in the year of grace 1815, (14 O. S.) 26th September.

HOUSE OF LORDS. Feb. 1.-This day, Parliament met for the dispatch of business.

Sir T. Tyrwhitt, Usher of the Black Rod, having, according to custom, procured the attendance of the Speaker of the House of Commons, and a numerous deputation of Members, at their Lordships' bar, the Prince Regent's Commission was read for summoning Parliament. The Lord Chancellor then read the speech from the throne, and the Commons withdrew.

New Titles.

The following noblemen were introduced :Lord F. Spencer as Baron Churchill. Lord Greville Levison Gower as Viscount Gower. General Harris as Baron Harris. Lord Melbourne.The Bishop of Gloucester. Lord Brownlow as Earl Brownlow. Lord Grimston, as Earl of Verulam.

Prince Regent's Speech.

At five o'clock the Chancellor again read the speech to both Houses, as follows:

My Lords and Gentlemen,-We are commanded by his Royal Highness the Prince Regent, to express to you his deep regret at the continuance of his Majesty's lamented indisposition.

The Prince Regent directs us to acquaint you, that he has the greatest satisfaction in calling you together, under circumstances which enable him to announce to you the restoration of peace throughout Europe.

The splendid and decisive success obtained by his Majesty's arms, and those of his allies, has led, at an early period of the campaign, to the re-establishment.

of the authority of his Most Christian Majesty in the capital of his dominions; and it has been since that time his Royal Highness's most earnest endeavour to promote such arrangements as appeared to him best calculated to provide for the lasting repose and security of Europe.

In the adjustment of these arrangements it was natural to suppose that many difficulties would occur; but the Prince Regent trusts that it will be found that, by moderation and firmness, they have been effectually surmounted.

To the intimate union which has so happily existed between the allied powers, the nations of the Continent have twice owed their deliverance. His Royal Highness has no doubt that you will be sensible of the great importance of maintaining in its full force that alliance, from from which so many advantages have already been derived, and which affords the best prospect of the continuance of peace.

The Prince Regent has directed copies of the several treaties and conventions which have been concluded, to be laid before you.

The extraordinary situation in which the powers of Europe have been placed, from the circumstances which have attended the French revolution, and more especially in consequence of the events of last year, has induced the allies to adopt precautionary measures, which they consider as indispensably necessary for the general security.

As his Royal Highness has concurred in these measures from a full conviction of their justice and sound policy, he relies confidently on your co-operation in such proceedings as may be necessary for carrying them into effect.

Gentlemen of the House of Commons, -The Prince Regent has directed the estimate for the present year to be laid before you.

His Royal Highness is happy to inform you, that the manufactures, commerce, and revenue of the United Kingdom are in a flourishing condition.

The great exertions which you enabled him to make in the course of the last year, afforded the means of bringing the contest in which we were engaged to so glorious and speedy a termination.

The Prince Regent laments the heavy pressure upon the country which such exertions could not fail to produce; and his Royal Highness has commanded us to assure you, that you may rely on every disposition on his part, to concur in such measures of economy, as may be consistent with the security of the country, and with that station which we occupy in Europe.

My Lords and Gentlemen,-The negociation which the Prince Regent Asiatic Journ.-—No. III.

announced to you, at the end of the last session of Parliament, as being in progress, with a view to a commercial arrangement between this country and the United States of America, have been brought to a satisfactory issue. His Royal Highness has given orders, that a copy of the treaty which has been concluded should be laid before you; and he confidently trusts that the stipulations of it will prove advantageous to the interests of both countries, and cement the good understanding which so happily subsists between them.

The Prince Regent has commanded us to inform you, that the hostilities in which we have been involved in the island of Ceylon, and on the continent of India, have been attended with decisive

success.

Those in Ceylon have terminated in an arrangement highly honourable to the British character, and which cannot fail to augment the security and internal prosperity of that valuable possession.

The operations in India have led to ap armistice which gives reason to hope, that a peace may have been concluded on terms advantageous to our interests in that part of the world.

At the close of a contest so extensive and momentous as that in which we have been so long engaged in Europe, and which has exalted the character and military renown of the British nation beyond all former example, the Prince Regent cannot but feel, that under Providence he is indebted for the success which has attended his exertions, to the wisdom and firmness of Parliament, and to the perseverance and public spirit of his Majesty's people.

It will be the Prince Regent's constant endeavour to maintain, by the justice and moderation of his conduct, the high character which this country has acquired amongst the nations of the world and his Royal Highness has directed us to express his sincere and earnest hope, that the same union amongst ourselves, which has enabled us to surmount so many dangers, and has brought this eventful struggle to so auspicious an issue, may now animate us in peace, and induce us cordially to co-operate in all those measures which may best manifest our grati tude for the Divine protection, and most effectually promote the prosperity and happiness of our country.

At the conclusion of the above,-The Marquis of Huntly moved an address thanking his Royal Highness for the same, which was seconded by Lord Calthorpe.

Lord Grenville said, there was not one word in the speech in which he did not most cordially concur. He rejoiced in our general situation-not only that peace was restored, but that it was acquired VOL. I. 2 P

by the restoration of the Government of France.

The Marquess of Lansdowne admitted that the splendid successes of the last campaign, the downfall of the system to overthrow the governments of Europe by military force, were subjects on which he could sincerely vote congratulation; but he did not consider their lordships then in a state to form any opinion with respect to the great and important questions to be discussed in Parliament.

The Earl of Liverpool had no difficulty in saying, with reference to the peaceestablishment and expenditure of the country, that the Prince Regent's servants would be ready when it shall come before the House, not only to ex plain what are their general principles, and how necessary it is to adopt a system of economy, but will be ready to apply their judgment to all parts of the great establishment, and that it is their wish to introduce every degree of economy consistent with the dignity of the Country, and the situation we hold among other nations. At the same time he gave an assurance of the intention of government steadily to pursue measures for the public advantage; not to hold out illusive hopes, but an intention to proceed for the welfare of the country.

Lord Holland would vote for the address, but reserved the right of differing on subjects connected with it, and made other reservations with respect to the peace with America.

The address was then agreed to nem. dis.

Feb. 2.-Earl Bathurst laid on the table copies of the general treaties conIcluded with the Allies, &c. &c.

Feb. 12.-Lord Holland asked whether there was any objection to producing correspondence on the subject of Lord Kinnaird's dismissal from France?

The Earl of Liverpool must refuse the documents; but admitted that there was no reproach upon the honour of Lord Kinnaird.

Feb. 14.-Lord Grenville moved for the army estimates of 1816. Agreed to.

Feb. 19. The Earl of Liverpool moved an address on the treaties of peace, corresponding with that moved by Lord Castlereagh in the House of Commons.

Lord Grenville moved an amendment, which was supported by Lord Holland.For the original address, 140; against it 40-Majority 100.

Feb. 22.-The Duke of Bedford gave notice of a motion on the state of the nation.

Feb. 23.-The Marquess of Lansdowne moved for sums paid to Hanover and Brunswick.

Feb. 26.-Lord Holland asked whether it was intended to lay any further papers on the table respecting the war in Ceylon. There was an account of the termination of the war, but nothing as to the motives which led to it; and, when the result was looked at, which was nothing less than the subversion of a most ancient empire, and the exclusion of a most ancient dynasty, he thought further information ought to be laid before the House.

The Earl of Liverpool answered in the negative; but it was open to the noble Lord to move for whatever papers he thought necessary.

House of Commons.

Feb. 2.-Mr. Bennett moved for a copy of the correspondence on the convention of Paris, especially as it affected Marshal Ney; to which Lard Castlereagh consented.

Mr. Brougham moved for a copy of the treaty of the 26th of September, 1815, between Russia, Austria, and Prussia.Ayes 30; Noes, 104:-Majority, 74.

Feb. 12.-Mr. Vansittart said all that he had now to submit to was a Resolution for the sum of 12,500,000, for paying off that sum issued in November, 1814, at present unprovided for; and 4,500l. other Exchequer Bills now coming due; and, finally, for a vote for the re-payment of such as were outstanding of the grant of 1815, according to the usual mode of proceeding. He proceeded to give an outline of our expenditure for the coming year. He enumerated the receipts of the last year, and those of the preceding year; and observed, that there looking to the total amount for each year, was an increase upon each item; and on it would be found that the total amount of income in 1814 was 65,430,0007.; and in the last year it was 66,443,0007. being an increase of something more than a million. In the beginning of the year 1815, the Exchequer Bills outstanding amounted to 68,548,0007. now they were 47,600,000. The total of exports for the three quarters of the year ending on the 10th Oct. 1814, was 37,167,0007.; for the three quarters, ending Oct. 10, 1815, they amounted to 42,425,0007. The cotton exports, in 1814, were 13,169,0007.; in the last year they were 15,376,000. The linen exports, in 1814 were 1,186,0007. in the last year they were 1,334,0001. The woollen in 1814, were 6,131,000/. in the last year they difficulty which we had to encounter at were 8,330,0001. The great and leading present, was the distressed state of the agricultural interest. A variety of remedies had been proposed; at present he should advert to but two or three of them. He considered there were two modes to be adopted to remedy the evil; first, a diminution of taxation, and se

condly the support of public credit. The first was certainly desirable; but he did not consider it as the most politic. In his opinion, the only way to alleviate the distress of the country at large, would be to uphold public credit. He trusted he should be able to raise the supplies without having recourse to any loan. The three loans had amounted to 142 millions, of which 45 millions had been taken in the last year. If we refrained from taking any loan, and instead of doing so, throw 14 millions into the money market, a great deal would be done towards relieving the distress of the country, and he trusted would, in a few months, accomplish that object altogether.

In what was now to be submitted to the House, he did not intend to say such was to be the peace establishment; on the contrary, he was in hopes considerable reductions might still be made, even in the present year, and in future years much greater. The vote of seamen for the present year would be 33,000; the peace establishment would probably be 23,000; the expence would be two millions. In 1890 our seamen amounted to 20,000. The additional expences of the navy, almost the whole of which required most expensive repairs, would raise that item of supply to 7,000,0007. For the army no vote would at present be required. The number of infantry and cavalry for Great Britain, including Jersey and Guernsey, would be 25,000, and for Ireland the same. The number of troops for foreign garrisons would be 3000; the army in France 50,000; Gibraltar, Malta, and the garrisons in the Mediterranean, 11,000; the garrisons in British America 10,000; the West India islands 13,000, of which 4000 were in Jamaica: the Cape of Good Hope and Africa 3,000; Ceylon 3,000. The garrison of St. Helena would consist of 1,200; these, together with 3,000, which would be kept afloat, would make up a force of 99,000 men, independent of those in France. Many of these regiments, however, would be skeleton regiments; and, owing to this circumstance and casualties, they could not be taken, though nominally 99,000, at more in reality than 85 or 90,000 men at most.-Besides these, there would be a force of 20,000 for the East-India Company; but for these, or for those troops in France, no call would be made on this country. The French contribution was equal to the pay of these troops, and hitherto that contribution had been regularly paid: £700,000 had already been paid. He understood that legally these contributions belonged to the Crown as droits. His Royal Highness the Prince Regent, however, had scorned to take as such what had been acquired with such bravery by his army. Out of the contributions

fifty millions of livres were to be given to the British and Prussian army; the rest, amounting to four millions, would be applied to the payment of the troops. The total amount of the charge for the army would be £9,300,000, exclusive of extraordinaries. The commissariat would be £680,000; the barrack department £258,000; and the extraordinaries of the army would be two millions; making a total of £12,238,000 for the entire of the army. The miscellaneous would be £2,500,000. There was another item still to mention, and that was, payment of a sum to the East-India Company, for money advanced by them for the public service in the East-Indies. Their demand would amount to about two millions, and they had already had £600,000 and it was proposed now to advance them one million more. This would make the total of supply required £24,338,000; besides this, there was a separate charge for Great Britain, making the total amount of Great Britain and Ireland £29,393,000, The Ways and Means to meet this sum, were, the surplus still unappropriated of three millions of last year's grant. The surplus of the consolidated fund, say £2,500,000. The ordinary annual taxes three millions. The war taxes, which he would now take at only six millions. The five per cent. property tax, which he would also take at six millions. The lottery 200,0001. Exchequer bills six millions, and lastly, six millions from the Bank, by way of loan; these sums would together make a total of £26,700,000, to meet that part of the expenditure belonging to Great Britain, amounting to twenty-six millions.

Mr. Ponsonby said, was there any pretence to justify so large a military establishment?

Mr. Brougham observed, that the expence of the establishment, nearly thirty millions, was a most intolerable burthen on the country. The right hon. gentleman had talked of the East-India Company paying their troops; it was a mockery to say they would pay, when year after year, they were coming to this house for loans. He condemned the large amount of the force in the different islands.

Mr. Rose said, the Property Tax was increased by the gentlemen opposite when they got into power.

Mr. Western conceived the proposed relief to the agricultural interest would not be so great as expected.

Lord Castlereagh said, it was impossible, in a short time, to reduce such a force as ours, so spread over the world, to a regular peace establishment.

The Resolutions were agreed to.

Feb. 13.-The report of the resolutions of the committee of supply of the former night were agreed to.

Feb. 14.-Sir G. Warrender rose to move the navy estimates.-In the East Indies there would be no addition. The Cape station, which is a new one and connected with St. Helena, as well as the Mauritius, would call for a very considerable number of men; according to the opinion of the distinguished Admiral commanding on that station, 11 ships would therefore be employed. In the Medit rranean there would be a 74-gun ship, substituted for a 50-gun. A small squadron would be stationed for the protection of the growing trade in South America and the Brazils, the merchants having applied to the Admiralty for it. This was also a new station. In the Jamaica and Leeward Islands a small reduction of the naval strength would take place. One frigate would be stationed on the North American coast, and on the African the same squadron as in the last peace. With respect to our home station, there would be nine vessels, in addition, for the purpose of protecting the revenue against smugglers. Circumstances would call for a larger number of men to man these vessels, which, in point of size, had been increased from 28 and 32-gun frigates to 36 and 38. It was also intended to retain the 4th division of marines, which, with the increased complement of seamen, would make a total increase of men of 5000. This was owing to the great increase and growing prosperity of our foreign trade. It was understood that the permanent peace establishment was to be 23,000, which number was less than at the close of any preceding war. The vote which, however, he should now call for, was 33,000, from the circumstances he had just stated. The number of slips manned were, two 50 guns, 14 frigates, and 27 sloops. The resolutions were agreed to.

Mr. Brougham moved an address to the Prince Regent, praying that his R. H. would be pleased to take into consideration the present situation of several of the most distinguished members of the Spanish Cortes; and representing that the existing treaties between this government and Spain afforded a favourable opportunity of interfering in their behalf. Ayes, 42; noes, 123 majority 81.

Feb. 19.-Lord Castlereagh moved an address, "thanking H. R. H. the Prince Re ent for the communication he had made to the house, of the treaty concluded at Paris with the King of France, &c. on the 20th of September last, and expressing the satisfaction of the house on every point of that treaty."

Lord Milton moved an amendment, which was seconded by Mr. Fazakerly.

After an animated debate, the house, on the motion of Mr. Tierney, adjourned.

Feb. 20.-The debate on the treaty of peace being resumed, and the house having divided on the amendment, there appeared, fo. the amendment, 77; against it, 240; majority, 173.

Mr. Law objected to the treaty, particularly on the ground that its provisins left the kingdom of the Netherlands open to the future attacks of France, and placed her in a situation in which she would not be likely to obtain assistance or support from any great power.

Sir S. Romilly supported the amend

ment.

Mr. Banks saw a much greater prospect of this peace being permanent than many other members.

Mr. Horner said his objections to the treaties were, that they did not produce that security which they had a right to expect, and because they had at last disclosed the project of forcing the Bourbon government on France after it had been disavowed, in violation of the faith of the Crown pledged to Parliament; for last year, when the idea of forcing the Bourbons on France was pressed on the noble Lord, he over and over repelled it, as an unnecessary interference on our part with the internal affairs of France. He considered that our real means of security were the preserving of the territorial integrity of France; and the esta blishing of such a government in that country as would possess the confidence of the people. There was no chance of permanent repose to Europe without obtaining these two great ends.

Mr. C. Grant defended the treaty in all its branches.-There never had, he was ready to contend, been a treaty concluded which had done so much to raise the honour of Great Britain, and to consolidate her power in every part of the world as