...cause (or effect) of the given phenomenon. (See Herschel, Discourse, [146-148.].)1 Second Canon.- li an instance in which the phenomenon under investigation...indispensable part of the cause, of the phenomenon. (See Herschel, Discourse, [156.].)1 Third Canon. — If two or more instances in which the phenomenon...

...the regulating principle of the Method of Difference may be expressed as follows : — SECOND CANON. If an instance in which the phenomenon under investigation...indispensable part of the cause, of the phenomenon. § 3. The two methods which we have now stated have many features of resemblance, but there are also...

...nothing in common save the absence of that circumstance ; the circumstance in which alone the two sets of instances differ, is the effect, or the cause, or...indispensable part of the cause, of the phenomenon. We shall presently see that the Joint Method of Agreement and Difference constitutes, in another respect...

...given phenomenon. 2. Method of Difference. — The canon of the Method of Differences is as follows : if an instance in which the phenomenon under investigation...indispensable part of the cause of the phenomenon. 3. Canon of the method of Residues. — Subduct fiom any phenomenon such part as is known by previous...

...difficulty, and is known as the Method of Difference. It is stated in Mr Mill's Second Canon as follows : — "If an instance in which the phenomenon under investigation...indispensable part of the cause, of the phenomenon." In other words, we may say that the antecedent which is invariably present when the phenomenon follows,...

...excluded all other common circumstances except the presence or absence of the two phenomena in question. The Joint Method of Agreement and Difference (or, the Indirect Method of Difference, or, as I should prefer to call it, the Double Method of Agreement) is being continually employed by...

...instance in which it does not occur, have every circumstance in common save one, that one being present only in the former, the circumstance in which alone...the cause, or an indispensable part of the cause, of that phenomenon.' Here the instance in which the phenomenon under investigation occurs is the ' kicking...

...have every circumstance in common save one, that one occnrring only in the former ; the circumstances in which alone the two instances differ is the effect,...indispensable part of the cause of the phenomenon. This method is not liable to the same defect as the former, for in this two instances will prove the...

...question is, how the Canon regulating its employment can be best expressed. Mill's statement is : — tion occurs, and an instance in which it does not occur,...indispensable part of the cause, of the phenomenon ". The formula by which he illustrates the Canon — ABC BC abc be — may be looked at from two points...

...absence of that circumstance ; the. circumstance Jn which alone the two sets of instances differ, is the cause, or an indispensable part of the cause, of the phenomenon." (4) The Method of Residues, which proceeds \)y subtracting from any given phenomenon all the portions...