Inductive LogicGinn, 1896 - 174 pages |
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Page 19
... animals with similar structure uniformly chew the cud . Not only does this piece of lead maintain a uniform specific gravity of 11.4 , but there is a uniformity in specific gravity among all pieces of lead , and , moreover , every ...
... animals with similar structure uniformly chew the cud . Not only does this piece of lead maintain a uniform specific gravity of 11.4 , but there is a uniformity in specific gravity among all pieces of lead , and , moreover , every ...
Page 39
... animals , an uncertain quality . Combining this with the observation that these crows are black , we , of course , reach no conclusion . We have , 1 Logic , p . 227 . however , made a primary induction that all English crows Mixed ...
... animals , an uncertain quality . Combining this with the observation that these crows are black , we , of course , reach no conclusion . We have , 1 Logic , p . 227 . however , made a primary induction that all English crows Mixed ...
Page 44
... animal in the direct line of descent of the horse family , viz . , the recently described Eohippus of Marsh . This animal had three toes on the hind - foot and four perfect , serviceable toes on the fore - foot ; but , in addi- tion ...
... animal in the direct line of descent of the horse family , viz . , the recently described Eohippus of Marsh . This animal had three toes on the hind - foot and four perfect , serviceable toes on the fore - foot ; but , in addi- tion ...
Page 45
William Gay Ballantine. distinct . This animal was about the size of a sheep . Next came , in the Upper Miocene , and Lower Pliocene , the Protohippus of the United States and allied Hipparion of Europe , an animal still more horse ...
William Gay Ballantine. distinct . This animal was about the size of a sheep . Next came , in the Upper Miocene , and Lower Pliocene , the Protohippus of the United States and allied Hipparion of Europe , an animal still more horse ...
Page 49
... animals is generally admitted . But when we come to subdivide the animal and vegetable kingdoms , differ- ences of opinion arise . It is obvious that certain individuals greatly resemble one another ; they con- stitute natural groups ...
... animals is generally admitted . But when we come to subdivide the animal and vegetable kingdoms , differ- ences of opinion arise . It is obvious that certain individuals greatly resemble one another ; they con- stitute natural groups ...
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Common terms and phrases
action affirmed animal antecedent atolls Bacon Boone county called canon CHAPTER collocation conclusion connection consequent coral cylinder deductive digitigrade discovery doctrine efficient causes empirical cause energy event evidence existing order experience fact of causation facts of coexistence fallacy force Fowler heat historical cause human hypothesis Idols Inductive Logic inductive science inference instances intuitively invariable isolation kind known law of causation Lord Shelburne major premise material cause matter Mesohippus Method of Agreement Method of Difference Method of Residues Mill Mill's mind mixed induction motion negative Novum Organum objects observation occurs Ohio River Orohippus particular peculiar persistence phenomena phenomenon philosophical planet Pliohippus possible primary induction principle properties proposition Protohippus react reaction reason regarded relation resemble scientific secondary induction sense single species specific gravity substance syllogism test of difference testimony theory things tion tree true truth uniformity of nature universal volitions words
Popular passages
Page 133 - It happened one day about noon, going towards my boat, I was exceedingly surprised with the print of a man's naked foot on the shore, which was very plain to be seen in the sand.
Page 9 - MAN, being the servant and interpreter of Nature, can do and understand so much and so much only as he has observed in fact or in thought of the course of nature: beyond this he neither knows anything nor can do anything.
Page 104 - Subduct from any phenomenon such part as is known by previous inductions to be the effect of certain antecedents, and the residue of the phenomenon is the effect of the remaining antecedents.
Page 104 - If an instance in which the phenomenon under investigation occurs, and an instance in which it does not occur, have every circumstance in common, save one, that one occurring only in the former; the circumstance in which alone the two instances differ is the effect, or the cause, or an indispensable part of the cause, of the phenomenon.
Page 80 - The state of the whole universe at any instant, we believe to be the consequence of its state at the previous instant; insomuch that one who knew all the agents which exist at the present moment, their collocation in space, and all their properties, in other words, the laws of their agency, could predict the whole subsequent history of the universe, at least unless some new volition of a power capable of controlling the universe should supervene...
Page 84 - The Law of Causation, the recognition of which is the main pillar of inductive science, is but the familiar truth that invariability of succession is found by observation to obtain between every fact in nature and some other fact which has preceded It...
Page 39 - Why is a single instance, in some cases, sufficient for a complete induction, while in others, myriads of concurring instances, without a single exception known or presumed, go such a very little way toward establishing a universal proposition ? Whoever can answer this question knows more of the philosophy of logic than the wisest of the ancients, and has solved the problem of induction.
Page 85 - That which is necessary, that which must be, means that which will be, whatever supposition we may make in regard to all other things. The succession of day and night evidently is not necessary in this sense. It is conditional on the occurrence of other antecedents. That which will be followed by a given consequent when, and only when, some third circumstance also exists, is not the cause, even though no case should ever have occurred in which the phenomenon took place without it.
Page 32 - It would yet be a great error to offer this large generalisation as any explanation of the inductive process. On the contrary, I hold it to be itself an instance of induction, and induction by no means of the most obvious kind. Far from being the first induction we make, it is one of the last, or at all events one of those which are latest in attaining strict philosophical accuracy.
Page 77 - To certain facts, certain facts always do and as we believe always will succeed. The invariable antecedent is termed the cause : the invariable consequent, the effect ; and the universality of the law of causation consists in this, that every consequent is connected in this manner with some particular antecedent, or set of antecedents. Let the fact be what it may, if it has begun to exist, it was preceded by some fact or facts, with which it is invariably connected."— B.
References to this book
Bibliography of Philosophy, Psychology, and Cognate Subjects, Volume 2 Benjamin Rand No preview available - 1960 |