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a particular course, there must be somewhere a class of minds, on whom the argument will not be urged without effect.

But though there may be reasons to check impatience, it does not follow that men are to put up patiently with the final loss of what they ought to have. A people who have just thrown off the effects of foreign conquest by force of arms, are neither to be deceived nor trifled with. There are many facts, or more properly non-facts, for which it is exceedingly difficult to assign any just cause. For example, when it is notorious that an extensive portion of the French electors were deprived of their suffrages within a few years by the act of the foreign govern ment-what living man can give a just reason for eight or nine weeks having past, and nothing done towards undoing this youngest-born of foreign domination? Or when the same agents of the foreigner on their first arrival promised to remove certain taxes peculiarly odious to the community, and of course nevér did it, that nothing effectual should have been performed to wards meeting the complaints of the community on this point? Or more ominous still, that nothing should have been done to satisfy the just anxiety of the public, to know how long it is to be before a chamber elected under the guns of the foreign despots, is to be replaced by a national one. Inferences from one country to another may be liable to mistake; but it is inconceivable to Englishmen, that if they were in the act of a recovery like that of France, a chamber of such a kind could last one week, after the cessation of the palpable necessity for using it for an instrument of temporary regulation. They are utterly at a loss how it can be, that either such a chamber, if it has no popular members within its walls, should not be dissolved by the loud and unanimous display of public opinion; or that its popular members, if there are any, should not establish for them selves a right to the renewed support of their constituents, by raising an irresistible voice themselves. Something must be done on these points within a few weeks; or we shall have more arrivals at our ménagerie in England. The French ministers would appear to be a sort of Whigs; which means men whose object is to do the most they can for themselves, through the medium of doing the least they can for the community. Nevertheless when a community has got so much real power as the French, it is the fault of the community if every thing is not done which it desires. Under the pressure of such a force, the ministry must either bend or break. A ministry which has not yet thought of taking off the latest shackles laid on by the lieutenants of the foreign powers, can be no object of com miseration, whatever may befall it.

The effects of the young Revolution on the rest of the world, are easy enough to calculate in the gross; though it would be labour thrown away to attempt to follow them in detail. As in the Roman epigram,

Dum radis, altera barba subit.

It is the débâcle come at last. It is the breaking up of the great frost. There may be a few weeks difference between its operation in one place and in another; but it will reach all in the end. The people every where know that their cause is. won; that their enemies are defeated, disgraced, and made ridiculous; and that they have only to sit still like passengers after a storm, and wait till a convenient plank is put out for them to land in the haven where they would be. Spain and Portugal are militarily cut off; every day's delay in those quarters, is only so much more security for things being done effectually and well. Bel gium is a sore point; but it will all be well a twelvemonth hence. If the population of Belgium should be obliged to succumb for the present, any attempt of the victors to go beyond the moderation of the victorious party in Paris, would be the signal for free Europe to present itself within the Belgian frontiers. The Dutchmen will not be too officious. They have money-bags that will be bail for their not doing any thing it would be unpleasant to remember, if there should be a good skating-season in the winter that approaches. If they hurt a single Belgian, he shall be charged in the bill when the time comes. The world is looking out for somebody to read a moral lesson on; and the unfortunate Dutchmen will be ground to powder, if they put themselves in the way of the great machine. If they trust to English agents, was there ever any body that trusted to English agents, and was not deceived? The English minister is on the point of being driven to take refuge in the popular ranks if he means to pre serve his ministerial existence; and he will not ask the English people to go to war, for the sake of keeping his aides-decamp on thrones. Any apprehension of interference from the English Tories, is irrational. They have no way of interfering, but by dispatching a force; and they will take advice before they determine upon that. It would perhaps be in the end one of the happiest events, that they should try; for the soldiery would return with their heads full of Belgian girls and Belgian principles, and the last state of those Tories would be worse than the first. There are reports of the appearance of mental reservation in the recognitions from some of the continental powers. If so, the apparition of a corps d'armée under the

Bloloured flag towards the Rhine, and another towards Italy with the addition of such Spanish and Portuguese batallions as In a bow wooks may be conveniently forthcoming, would be very likely to not as what Dr. Kitchener was wont to entitle a peramader, IT Russia maken difficulties, she will be answered in one Word Poland Her Northern and Southern provinces are ripe Ar a division, the spirit of change is in her armies and among het people, and there is scarcely a family of eminence that has not some relative in exile for opposition to the existing form of powerment. Under auch circumstances, it needs no gift of prophecy to know, how little able Russia would be to oppose The comeщents of civaheed Europe, marching upon Poland with In demand that Russia should give up every thing she has taken Ar Raven Raid Rw the last halt century. To such a consummaPioth. if wwhbowl www, the people of England would conanbum wuh and for though they are far from being *****wsers and etects, they are qume

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the people, whom they trampled on. There is a new Holy Alliance, in which they are the wolves; but the wolves, this time, who are to be muzzled and controlled.

A reasonable object of curiosity, at least in Great Britain, is to know what precise degree of connexion existed between the ci-devants of France, and the British cabinet as it stood at the period immediately preceding the change. The subject would have better suited a preceding Article; and ought, but for a misapprehension, to have appeared under the same authority with other facts connected with the events of Paris.

The British ministry was not a party to the Ordonnances in France; saving only the possibility of a personal understanding between individuals, which as being impossible to prove or disprove, ought not to be admitted on presumption. The connexion was on another point; -Greece. The British ministry received the nomination of Polignac with delight; because on this subject it found him an ally. The cause of Greece was hateful to the Tory aristocracy; and the cause of Turkey proportionably dear. The previous French ministry had on this point been in the highest degree intractable. It had urged the importance of making Greece, not Turkey, the barrier against Russia; and it was not till the accession of the Polignac ministry, that the communications between the two cabinets went on with ordinary smoothness. But neither was Polignac the author of the celebrated Ordonnances; they originated with the individual now dethroned, under the guidance of the spiritual power. A debauchee in early life, he had the usual anxiety of ancient debauchees, to enter heaven under the lappets of the church; and the church displayed its usual anxiety, to make its earthly market by an ancient debauchee. The light thrown on the character of George the Fourth by the memories preserved of him in France, is by no means favourable. In his latter days, he was an admirer of despots and of despotism. His mind had become right legitimate; the freedom of the press was gall and wormwood to him; and the sentiments which he expressed on foreign questions, would have been less misplaced in the mouth of a continental roitelet, than of the splendid representative of the sovereignty of the British people as expressed in the establishment and maintenance of the Brunswick line. On the whole there have probably been few events in the personal history of kings, which have produced a more marked effect on human happiness, than the accession of the existing sovereign to the British throne.

One word to the abettors of arbitrary power in England. Let them keep a clean tongue on the subject of republicanism. To VOL. XIII.- Westminster Review.

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hear them, it might be supposed that republicanism was some strange vice; instead of being, like heaven, a state to which no objection can be found except the fear that we are not good enough for it ourselves. There is no policy in keeping up this contest, in a balanced government like ours. If one side will hold its peace, the other might.

ERRATA.

* In the article on Jefferson's Memoirs and Correspondence, there are several typographical errors, the sheets having been inadvertently printed without having passed under the proper revision. The following corrections are the most essential:

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